Paper Titles
Foreword
Silicate Consolidants for Stone
p.1
Mechanical Properties of Aerogels : Brittle or Plastic Solids?
p.27
NanoStructured Sonogels
p.45
Progress on Nanoceramics by Sol Gel Process
p.79
How Can Sol-Gel Contribute to Optical Devices?
p.97
Mesoporous Thin Films: An Example of Pore Engineered Material
p.109
Inorganic Dispersed-Phase Composites by Sol-Gel Processing: An Update
p.121
The Sol–Gel Production of Bioceramics
p.141

NanoStructured Sonogels

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Abstract:

Acoustic cavitation effects in sol-gel liquid processing permits to obtain nanostructured materials, with size-dependent properties. The so-called “hot spots” produce very high temperatures and pressures which act as nanoreactors. Ultrasounds force the dissolution and the reaction stars. The products (alcohol, water and silanol) help to continue the dissolution, being catalyst content, temperature bath and alkyl group length dependent. Popular choices used in the preparation of silica-based gels are tetramethoxysilane (TMOS), Si(OCH3)4, and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), Si(OC2H5)4. The resultant “sonogels” are denser gels with finer and homogeneous porosity than those of classic ones. They have a high surface/volume ratio and are built by small particles (1 nm radius) and a high cross-linked network with low –OH surface coverage radicals. In this way a cluster model is presented based on randomly-packed spheres in several hierarchical levels that represent the real sonoaerogel. Organic modified silicates (ORMOSIL) were obtained by supercritical drying in ethanol of the corresponding alcogel producing a hybrid organic/inorganic aerogel. The new material takes the advantages of the organic polymers as flexibility, low density, toughness and formability whereas the inorganic part contributes with surface hardness, modulus strength, transparency and high refractive index. The sonocatalytic method has proven to be adequate to prepare silica matrices for fine and uniform dispersion of CdS and PbS quantum dots (QDs), which show exciton quantum confinement. We present results of characterization of these materials, such as nitrogen physisorption, small angle X-ray/neutrons scattering, electron microscopy, uniaxial compression and nanoindentation. Finally these materials find application as biomaterials for tissue engineering and for CO2 sequestration by means the carbonation reaction.

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Key Engineering Materials (Volume 391)

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45-78

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https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.391.45

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Online since:

October 2008

Authors:

Nicolás de la Rosa-Fox, Victor Morales-Flórez, Manuel Piñero, Luis Maria Esquivias Fedriani

Keywords:

Aerogel, Gels, Precipitation, Sol, Solution, Sonogel, Xerogel

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