Applied Mechanics and Materials Vol. 151

Abstract: To optimize the solution concept towards high value of customer satisfaction, the research on the combination of quality function deployment (QFD) and TRIZ (QFD/TRIZ) has been undertaken in the last decades. And TRIZ is introduced to eliminate the contradictions found in the QFD/TRIZ. However, solution concept is a unity of opposites. It is impossible to eliminate all contradictions. Therefore, it is significant to select and eliminate the contradictions which are mainly encumbrance for solution concept to get high value of customer satisfaction. Through this article, we proposed an approach to help designer analyze, rank and select the contradictions from contradiction set found in QFD. Contradiction model is identified to present the problem of TRIZ and link to QFD. Two computable ways are introduced to express the importance and extensive extent of a contradiction in the contradiction set. And the method to rank and select contradictions in the contradictions set is expatiated. Finally, a case is used to shown the validity of the proposed approach.

Abstract: Our aim is to propose a decision making approach to help the designer select the inventive principles from the principle set recommended by the TRIZ contradiction matrix. Both citing frequency and authority’s’ advice are considered. Entropy is introduced to help create the decision making criterion which is influenced by the citing frequency of inventive principles, and synthetical criterion is constructed considered both the importance weight of authoritys’ advice and citing frequency. The flow-progress of decision-making is given. Finally, a case study is used to show the validity of the proposal approach.

Abstract: As health is a major event in life, almost as a kind of urbanites’ Consensus, and spending money on health, taking the time to exercise has become a must of some people in life. In order to better guide the middle-aged women in scientific fitness training, this paper plans to analyze the following issues: the physical status of infrequent exercise of older women, fitness exercises on the impact of middle-aged women, the comparison about different types of fitness training methods on the impact of middle-aged women. The results shows long-term exercise can delay and change in body shape and quality of the middle-aged women on the law of aging, and can prevent the aging state such as being fat early, gaining weight, decreasing physical fitness. Physical exercise has enhanced the middle-aged women’s function of cardio-cerebral-vascular system and respiratory system. The exercisers who insist for a long time have obviously higher cardiopulmonary load ability than those who have no exercise.

Abstract: Bar chart is the most common graph when we need to process some data counting, analysis and comparing. But there is no inner bar chart object in IDL object graphics. According to the outlook demands and the functional requirements of bar char object, a visual expression method of bar char object was implemented based on the inner basic graphics objects in IDL. The implementation method was presented in detail. The results show it can meet the requirements of bar char displaying of common information, and it is effective and extendable.

Abstract: Product lifecycle management (PLM) is a valuable concept for the implementation of advanced manufacturing method. Based on the principle of PLM, the involved manufacturing sessions were integrated, and scientifically managed in order to improve the cooperation and innovation ability of a modern enterprise. The knowledge resource allocation service is one of key technologies for the successfully implementation of product lifecycle management. Aim at the knowledge resource allocation service, an product lifecycle oriented domain specific model (p-DSM) was proposed in the paper, which will help to guide the knowledge resource modeling and resource allocation, and provide a system framework for knowledge based enterprise management system.

Abstract: In this paper, we proposed a novel surface reconstruction framework from point clouds without normal. The proposed method involves three processes: partition of unit, which divide the point clouds into sub-domains using octree structure, generation of the sub-surface, which fit the sub-surface by implicit function in each sub-domain, the normal alignment, which compute normal of sub-surface and inference the global normal of surface by iteratively propagate algorithm. During the last process, sub-surfaces are blended to form entire surface reconstruction. The method is suitable to reconstruct surface with lack of information. The experimental results demonstrate that the method is effective in surface reconstruction.

Abstract: Based on the experiments on milling the 45 steel with several types of different grooves milling inserts, this article has groove optimization and finite element analysis for different groove milling inserts. With the milling force testing system and orthogonal experimental design method, we have experiments with five types of different groove milling inserts for machining the 45 steel and compare their cutting capability, and the different grooves milling inserts are optimized. Based on the experiments, we have stress field analysis for different grooves milling inserts with finite element analysis method. The finite element analysis results are consistent with the experiment results well. All these studies provide the theoretic and experimental bases for groove development and groove optimization technology.

Abstract: Mechanical behavior of the austenitic stainless steel under monotonic and cyclic loading at room temperature has been mathematically predicted. Materials like SS 316 LN exhibit cyclic hardening behavior under cyclic loading. Based on the characteristics of yield surface, cyclic hardening can be classified into isotropic and kinematic hardening. Armstrong-Frederic model is used for predicting the kinematic hardening of this material. It is basically a five parameter, nonlinear kinematic hardening model. Cyclic tests for various ranges were carried out to derive the isotropic material parameter required for modeling. Kinematic hardening material parameter required for modeling were computed based on both monotonic tension and torsion tests. By using these parameters the developed program is able to model the mechanical behavior of austenitic stainless steel under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions at room temperature. Comparison of the predicted results with the experimental results shows that the kinematic hardening material parameters derived from the monotonic torsion tests were in good agreement than that of the monotonic tension tests. Also it is recommended to use more material parameter constitutive models to improve the accuracy of the mathematical predictions for the material behavior under cyclic loading.

Abstract: The anisotropic effects on the mechanical response of AZ31B sheet at high strain rates have been analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the stress-strain behaviour of the alloy is highly anisotropic and rate sensitive. However, anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the alloy is less significant at higher strain rates. Under tensile loading, the anisotropic behaviour of the alloy is less significant as compare to its behaviour under compression. In both compression and tensile loading the alloy shows significant rate sensitivity as compare to quasi-static strain rates but at higher rates it is less significant. The maximum stress is observed to reach nearly 600 MPa for transverse direction impact. The tension-compression asymmetry is observed in the alloy.