Advanced Materials Research Vol. 402

Abstract: This paper aims to discover the mechanism of removal of arsenic and bismuth from copper electrolyte under the function of antimony. The precipitate was obtained from a synthetic copper electrolyte containing 185g/L sulfuric acid, 45g/LCu²⁺, 10g/LAs, 0.5g/LBi and 1.2g/LSb. The structure, morphology and component of the precipitate are clarified by methods of chemical analysis, SEM, XRD, TEM and IR spectroscopy. The precipitate consists of 27.08% arsenic, 15.12% antimony, 12.08% bismuth. There are many irregular blocks, and dendritic particles on the surface.The characteristic bands in the IR spectra of the precipitate are O–H, As–OH, As–O, As–OX (X=As, Sb, Bi), Sb–OH and O–As–O. The precipitate is a mixture of microcrystalline of BiSb₂O₇, Bi₁₂As₂O₂₃, SbAsO₄ and (Sb,As)₂O₃ by XRD and electronic diffraction. The impurities of As, Sb and Bi are removed from copper electrolyte by antimony attributing to these precipitate.

Abstract: The separation of antimony and arsenic and leaching kinetics of arsenic from arsenic alkali residue were investigated. The influencing factors such as solid/liquid ratio, stir speed, temperature and time on leaching of arsenic were studied. The results show that the leaching rate reaches 87.75% at the condition of solid/liquid ratio of 1:4 , stir speed of 600r/min ,temperature of 90°C and time of 60min. The leaching process was controlled by the surface chemical reaction and the kinetics of leaching arsenic followed the model of shrinking core. The activation energy was found to be 666.57kJ/mol. The kinetics equation was expressed as shrinking core model.

Abstract: A particular industrial waste was selected as reducer for detoxified chromium slag in solid phase. Oxidation resisting was also tested. The results showed that concentration of Cr(Ⅵ)in the products was related to experimental condition, such as the proportion of chromium slag, the granularity of reactants, the reaction temperature and time . The leached Cr(Ⅵ)in the products was remained below 0.5 ppm of GB8978-1996 limits.

Abstract: The redox behavior of vanadate ions at glassy carbon electrode in KOH solutions with concentration ranging from 0.1M to 1M had been studied using cyclic voltammetry method. It is found out that vanadate ions experience similar redox reactions in both NaOH and KOH solutions, which involve a single cathodic reduction and two oxidation reactions in one cyclic sweep. Nearly same currents are obtained under the same reaction conditions in both solutions. However, vanadate ions appear more difficult to be reduced in KOH solutions than in NaOH solutions, and the reduction reaction exhibits higher irreversibility. The reduction potential is influenced by vanadate ions concentration, and is more negative in KOH solutions. The reversibility of reduction reaction is greatly dependent on alkalinity, and the reduction potential obviously decreases with the increase of alkalinity in KOH solutions. However, only a slight decrease was observed in NaOH solution, which may be due to the fact that OH^- exhibits higher activity in KOH solutions.

Abstract: Metal smelting process all kinds of element content directly influence the metal performance index and smelting process control .The amount of carbon become mainly alloy index for divided type and number. LIPS using high power laser ablation material produce plasma, in plasma radiation spectrum analysis; it could be used in the composition of solid, liquid and gas composition and concentration measurement. But the results of the measurement will be affected by some factors, this article through some experiments, that show the Influence factors for the measured results such as the delay time，the different environment of gas and the laser pulse energy and analyzed them.

Abstract: Using LIBS (laser-induced-breakdown-spectroscopy)technology, element percent in ferroalloy can be measured. High energy laser beam focus on high temperature plasma of ferroalloy surface, using fiber spectrometer detected plasma emission spectral lines in the cooling process to determine the type and content in the ferroalloy elements. In the application of quantitative analysis internal standard method in ferroalloy C content, according to the measuring principle built experimental platform, according to Fe for internal standard elements, setting up the calibration curve of C content, and using the curves to ferroalloy samples in a quantitative analysis on the C element. The results show, LIBS internal standard method to determine the relative error of the ferroalloy C content for no more than 10%, verifying the internal standard method used in the determination of the elements in ferroalloy feasibility.

Abstract: In this paper, the flow-induced wall shear stress on the wall of a one Strand tundish has been computed by a 3-D mathematical model. Different design parameters of the tundish such as HB(the height of the dam) and DB(the horizontal distance between the dam and the outlet of the tundish) are studied by analyzing the flow-induced wall shear stress. After a series of calculation, A modification in design parameters (DB and HB )of the tundish can reduce the wall shear stress, thus may help to improve the service life of the tundish.

Abstract: This present paper focuses on the viscosities of high titanium containing slags in the process of titanomagnetite smelting by taking the TiO₂-Al₂O₃-CaO-SiO₂ quaternary system as the object. Experimental determinations of the viscosities were carried out in the temperature range from 1573 to 1773K using the rotation cylinder method. The measurements were conducted in the composition range from 23 to 33 mass pct TiO₂, 3 to 9 mass pct Al₂O₃, and 0.3 to 0.7 basicity (mass ratio of CaO to SiO₂). The effects of TiO₂, Al₂O₃, basicity, and temperature on viscosity were studied. The experimental results indicated that the viscosities decreased with increasing TiO₂ content and basicity, and increased with increasing Al₂O₃ content, above the liquidus temperature. Based on the experimental data, the liquidus temperatures of the slags were evaluated using the second derivatives of the activation energies for viscous flow with respect to temperature.

Abstract: In this work, data mining was applied into in BOF steelmaking endpoint control. Through the characteristic analysis of key factors, the data sheet to control end point was formed. Potential knowledge was explored from the data sheet using association rule mining algorithm, then expert rule are achieved automatically. The results show that through the combination of the effective expert rules and traditional BOF endpoint model, carbon content and temperature were predicted with high accuracy. Therefore it can be a new research method to improve BOF automation.

Abstract: The effects of the bath shape, oxygen lance nozzles structure, and lance level on liquid steel mixing time and splashing amount were studied by experiment orthogonal design with 1:10 water model for 100 t basic oxygen converter modeling. The results showed that the stirring effect in the bath can be improved by changing the shape on the bath surface around the furnace wall with arc-shaped structure which can shorten the mixing time and reduce the liquid slag and steel splashing amount of the lining, and result in reducing metal lose and prolong the life of the lining.