Microstructure and Characteristics of Pb(Ti,Zr)O₃ Ceramics with Addition of Pb-Based Glass Frit

The paper tries to prepare dense piezoceramics by way of reactive liquid phase sintering. Technique concerning a low-temperature sinterable process is developed by incorporating 4PbO×B2O3. The host system is a perovskite type piezoceramic, Pb(Ti,Zr)O3. If small amounts of 4PbO.B2O3 glass powder are added to the calcined Pb(Ti,Zr)O3 ceramics, the liquid phase is formed during sintering. Hence, the piezoelectric and dielectric properties are enhanced and the sintering temperature can be reduced. The value of the kp, KT 33 and Qm is increased and dielectric loss tangent is decreased when a small amounts of 4PbO.B2O3 dopant (i.e. 0.2 wt%) are added to the PZT system. With more 4PbO.B2O3 doping (i.e. 2 wt%), the value of the kp and KT 33 is decreased due to the glassy phase segregation at the grain boundary.