Papers by Author: Moon Kyu Lee

Abstract: Many researchers have studied the harvesting from discarded energy such as solar energy, wind and vibration because of the exhaustion of fossil fuel and the environmental pollution. Particularly, vibration-based energy harvesting has increasingly received an attention in last decade. Therefore, the aim of study is to analyze the characteristics of piezoelectric materials to be used in the energy conversion system on vehicle road. At first, the dynamic loads of vehicle on the road are measured with respect to the weight and speed prior to analyzing the characteristics of piezoelectric materials. Then, the energy conversion amount of piezoelectric element is quantified for its size and type under the load profiles. The vehicle dynamic load is the average of 200kgf. The result indicates that the dynamic vehicle load is less affected by the speed. The generated voltage is 1.8kV, and extracted energy is 0.11mJ from one under the load of 8kgf applied on piezoelectric element. The power extracted from one passenger vehicle is able to operate a sensor and transmit acquisition data.

Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to develop a polymer film loaded with drug to effectively prevent pin tract infection. It was found that the polymer, poly ethylene-co-vinyl acetate blended with tetrahydrofuran, showed better flexibility and deformability than the other polymers: poly caprolactone18 and poly caprolactone44. Polymer films, poly ethylene-co-vinyl acetate, were divided into five testing groups dependent on the loading concentration of rifampici (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %). The surface morphology of polymer films was examined by a scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the concentration of drug was a main factor to determine the roughness of the film. Considering the roughness of polymer films, 5 wt % of rifampicin might be the maximum concentration for further applications. Hence, the antibiotic drug-loaded polymer films were manufactured by mixing poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate) and tetrahydrofuran with rifampicin(antibiotic drug). The film cast was designed as a shape of disk (inner Ø5mm and outer Ø20mm) to be suitable for pins for external fixation in orhtopaedics. The drug-loaded polymer solvent, the amount of 0.6cc, was molded into the disk-shaped film and dried into a airtight box at 15°C for 24 hrs. The drug release characteristics(1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt%) were examined as a function of soaking time in phosphate buffered saline (PBS, 10 ml) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Rifampicin was linearly released for first 100 hrs(~4 days) for all antibiotic drug-loaded polymer films. Afterward, the drug was released at a slower pace as a function of square root of time until 1000 hrs (~40 days). This slow drug release can be explained by their hydrophobic characteristics of poly ethylene-co-vinyl acetate and rifampicin. The antibiotic drug-loaded polymer film can be intrinsically able to prevent the bacteria adhesion by wrapping the pin track area, and perform active and effective infection-resistant by a sustained antibiotic-release.

Abstract: The indentation test has been in the spotlight due to easy and non-destructive testing characteristics. However, there are little studies for the indentation test of porous materials in the evaluation aspect of methodology. The goal of this study was to evaluate a spherical indentation test in the aspect of indenter-size and indentation depth by measuring elastic modulus of porous materials such as a cancellous bone using a FEM. We developed a microstructure-based FE model of cancellous bone with apparent density 0.2~0.8 g/cm3 in order to simulate uniaxial compression test and indentation test in the light of anatomical observation with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). We obtained a load-displacement curve through the indentation simulation and calculated the Young’s modulus of cancellous structure based on Pharr's hypothesis. The result indicated that indenter diameter has to be more than five times of pore size and indentation depth should be about 8% of indenter diameter at least to obtain the appropriate result of the indentation test. It is expected that this result may guide to the design and the simulation of indentation test for porous materials

Abstract: In the area of biomaterials, the structures with negative Poisson’s ratio are able to be applied to the polymer component of prosthesis, artificial blood-vessel and catheter. To induce its characteristic, previous studies postulated many structural shapes such as non-convex shape with reentrant corners and re-entrant honeycomb. In this study, we proposed the rotational particle structures and investigated the Poisson’s ratio and the ratio (Ee/E) of the elastic modulus of these structures based on structural design variables using finite element method. The auto-meshing preprocessor was coded using MATLAB in order to construct numerical models as design variables and perform finite element analysis (FEA) effectively. Three selected design variables were the ratio of fibril’s length to particle’s diameter (0.2~2.0), the ratio of fibril’s length to its width (0.02~0.2) and the angle of fibril about horizontal axis (0 degree ~ tangential angle). Finite element model has 2D plain stress quadratic element and composed of 515 particles and 6-linked fibrils per each particle. For all of 213 cases, one side of each model is applied a tension, 0.1% strain and analyze Poisson’s ratio and the ratio (Ee/E) of the elastic modulus. As the ratio of fibril’s length to particle’s diameter increased and the ratio of fibril’s diameter to fibril’s length decreased fixing the fibril’s angle with 45 degree, the negative Poisson effect of rotational particle structures increased. The ratio of elastic modulus of these structures decreased with Poisson’s ratio. The results show the reasonable values as compared with the previous analytical results.