Papers by Author: Pei Liu

Abstract: Distributed energy systems can play an essential role in providing energy with substantial environmental and other benefits. This paper presents a multi-objective optimization model for the planning of distributed energy systems, aiming at simultaneous minimization of the total annual cost and greenhouse gas emissions. The impact of carbon tax rates on the optimal configuration and performance of a distributed energy system is evaluated based on the optimization model. A review of international policies on carbon taxes is performed for estimation of future carbon tax rates in China. Results show that the potential carbon tax in the future may not have significant impacts on the optimal configuration of a distributed energy system.

Abstract: The rising international oil prices will cause the loss of national GDP and the establishment of strategic petroleum reserves (SPR) could avoid this loss as much as possible. The oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient is an important parameter in calculating strategic petroleum reserve, but since it is difficult to obtain, it is also hard to calculate. This paper provides the fitting formula of oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient based on the regression analyzing of literature data. China’s oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient in recent years has been analyzed and predictions for future trends in different situations have been made. Finally, the predicted oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient is used to calculate the size of China's strategic petroleum reserve and its earnings.

Abstract: Natural gas plays an important role in industry, transportation and electric power. The first of all problems to solve is to ensure energy security while meeting the demand for gas. Through analyzing the connotation and the frame of energy security, it clears about the significant of the security of energy and gas supply in China, and sets up the benefits and losses model of natural gas, analyzes the loss of economic cost and the obtained economic benefits based on the process of SNG to protect natural gas security. By analyzing the case, the results show that there exists a most advantage point between the loss of economic cost and the obtained economic benefits in the process of natural gas security, China could develop SNG scale of 50 billion cubic meters production by the end of 2030, at this time, it will get the maximum net income of nearly 5 billion RMB. In addition, the results show that the two most important parameters which influence the profits and losses are energy consumption GDP elasticity coefficient and the nature gas price in the process of SNG guaranteeing natural gas security.