Papers by Author: Seok Jae Lee

Abstract: A coupled model for predicting phase transformation, temperature, and distortion of AISI 5120 steel occurring during heat treatment process has been developed. The phase transformation kinetic models were made using Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation and the additivity rule based on theoretical thermodynamic model and experimental dilatometric data. Especially, the transformation strains measured during cooling were converted to the volume fraction of each phase for the kinetic models using a relation between transformation strain and atomic volume change. The heat transfer coefficients in quench media were calculated by inverse method of the heat transfer equation to the measured surface temperature history. To predict the temperature and distortion accurately, the thermal and mechanical data were used as a function of temperature and each phase based on the experimental data. The coupled model for phase transformation, temperature, and distortion has been implemented in the commercial finite element software ABAQUS as user subroutines. The calculated results by the coupled model were compared with the experimental ones.

Abstract: The strain change during the tempering of S45C martensitic steel was examined at different heating rates using a dilatometer. Tempering stages 1 and 3 corresponding to the precipitations of transition carbide and cementite were observed. Tempering kinetics at each stage was investigated from the relation between the measured strain and atomic volume change during tempering. From the tempering kinetic data, continuous heating tempering diagram was constructed and the tempering kinetic model was proposed as Zener-Hillert type differential equation.

Abstract: There are many empirical equations for predicting martensite start temperature (Ms) and the kinetics models of martensitic transformation of plain carbon and low alloy steels. The Ms temperature equations are only dependent upon the chemistry, while the martensite transformation kinetics models are based on the degree of undercooling below Ms temperature. However, the prior austenite grain size (AGS) is also expected to influence both Ms temperature and martensite transformation kinetics as it does in diffusive transformations. In this study, herefore, both Ms temperature and martensite transformation kinetics of a low alloy steel with different austenite grain sizes were investigated using a dilatometer. The new Ms equation and martensite transformation kinetics model including the AGS effect are proposed.

Abstract: Recrystallization behaviors have been investigated with respect to two different kinds of the initial structures, original austenite and martensite, in an Fe-32%Ni alloy. The recrystallized austenite grain size from the martensite is much smaller than that from the original austenite, and decreases linearly with increasing the initial hardness, independent of the initial structure. The recrystallization sequences are different between the two structures: only one step due to recrystallization appears in hardness-temperature curve of the original austenite, whereas two steps corresponding to reverse transformation of α’ to r’ and recrystallization are shown in that of the martensite.