Papers by Author: Timo Peltola

Abstract: Four different bioreactive ceramics were prepared using a sol-gel method and a standard melting process. The aim was to study antibacterial effect of these materials on the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis. The dissolution (Si and Ca ions) of fine (≤ 45 !m) ceramic powders in a tryptone soya broth (TSB) was investigated. Also the pH changes in TSB solution were measured. In addition the adherence of Enterococcus faecalis (Ef) to materials was investigated. The bacterial adhesion was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the bacterial and the adhesion test, CaPSiO2 and S53P4 had the strongest antimicrobial effect against studied bacteria. It was shown that bioreactive sol-gel derived ceramic with sufficient high Ca ion release (> 270 ppm) can reach strong antibacterial effect also at lower pH values (< 9.6).

Abstract: Different silica and carbonate containing calcium phosphate (CaP) layers were prepared on bioactive glass S53P4 in conventional C-SBF and revised R-SBF. In R-SBF the CaP layer formed faster compared to C-SBF, and the CaP layer formed in R-SBF was amorphous compared to the poorly crystalline bonelike HCA formed in C-SBF. In addition, the influence of chemical composition, dissolution and structure of biomimetically processed CaP layers on osteoclast and osteoblast activity was studied. In general, biomimetic CaP layers on bioactive glass S53P4 did not affect so much on bone cell activity as it was expected compared to the untreated glass. Additionally, it was observed that the mechanism for good osteoclast activity is multifactorial. The optimal surface for osteoclast adhesion and growth was an amorphous CaP having mesoporous nanotopography and proper dissolution rate of calcium and silica. Also osteoblasts grew well on such surface.