Papers by Author: Yong De Liu

Abstract: Livestock blood is a slaughtering by-product that has potential for animal protein sources, human consumption is limited due to its brown color causing dark hues to food and feed products. The aim of this work is to extract white and palatable protein from red cells of porcine blood. Red cells are hydrolyzed with papain and acidized with Hydrochloric acid, freed heme group is flocculated with Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) and separated by centrifugation, supernatant is the decoloring protein solution. The enzyme hydrolysis conditions and flocculation conditions are optimized. The optimal enzyme hydrolysis parameters are substrate concentration 6%, papain dosage 6000u/g, time 8h and pH 7.0. The optimal enzyme flocculation parameters are CMC dosage 0.8g/g, pH 2.7 and time 10min. Decoloring protein powder obtained by isoelectric precipitation, centrifugation and vacuum freeze-drying is 95% protein, only 1% ash, light-colored and almost tasteless.

Abstract: Hydrotalcites (HT-X) of different Mg/Al ratio (X is Mg/Al molar ratio, 3 and 4) was synthesized by co-precipitation method. Calcined HTLCs (CHT-X) at 500°C have been shown to recover their original layered structure by taking up chloride ion from aqueous solution. Adsorption of chloride by CHT-X was investigated in batch mode. The kinetics study showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetics model could be used to describe the adsorption process satisfactorily. The equilibrium isotherm showed that the Langmuir model gave a better fit to the experimental data than the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity of CHT-3 was 83.33 mg/g; CHT-4 was 90.09 mg/g .The samples of different Mg/Al ratio have different crystallite size, thus showing different adsorption capacity. As the Mg/Al ratio increases from 3 to 4; the electric charge density between the layers becomes weaker; the interlayer spacing increases; the sample shows greater adsorption capacity. The HT-X where characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).