Metals and Alloys
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From Nanopowders to Functional Materials
Research and development in the whole area of nanomaterials, including thin films, nanowires, nanocrystals, nano-composites and nanostructured bulk materials, continues to increase year by year. More and more attention is being focused on research which will permit greater control of structures at the nanometer level, in order to ensure that the desired functional properties can be obtained. -
Texture and Anisotropy of Polycrystals II
Natural, as well as man-made, materials are often assumed to behave uniformly, exhibiting equal strength in all directions, because most of them have a polycrystalline structure. The anisotropy of the individual crystals, however, is smoothed out only in the presence of a large number of grains having a random distribution of orientations. In reality, there usually remains an anisotropy due to the existence of preferred orientations. Its magnitude depends upon the statistical distribution of grain orientations – the "crystallographic texture" or, more simply, the texture. –This governs the extremes, of the physical property of interest, which a single crystal of the material under consideration can exhibit in directional tests. Local variations in texture, as well as the arrangements and types of grain/phase boundaries, may give rise to inhomogeneous material properties. The texture also carries with it information on the history of a material’s processing, use and misuse. A knowledge of the texture is a prerequisite for all quantitative techniques of materials characterization, and is based upon the interpretation of diffraction-peak intensities. It is also necessary to model the relationships between microstructural features and physical or mechanical properties. Therefore, the texture is of great value for quality control in a wide range of industrial applications, and in basic materials research. -
Positron Annihilation - ICPA-9
The volumes present over 400 reviewed papers on the present state of the art and future prospects in the wide field of research involving positrons. The foreword by Edward Teller and the summaries by Jean-Charles Abbe (Chemistry) and Alfred Seeger (Physics) demonstrate how the field is seen from "outside" and from "inside". -
Metal Matrix Composites
Fundamental and applied research efforts to develop, characterize, and design structures with high temperature composite materials such as metal matrix composites (MMCs) are underway across the continents. New processing methods, evaluation of critical material properties, constitutive modeling, performance prediction are important needs which are essential for effective utilization and application of these materials. -
Ultra Clean Processing of Silicon Surfaces VII
This book is sub-divided into 10 different topical sections; each dealing with important issues in surface cleaning and preparation. -
Bulk and Graded Nanometals
In recent years, bulk and graded nanometals have attracted the growing interest of materials scientists. Nanometals can be obtained by using various methods: gas condensation or ball-milling with subsequent consolidation, thermal spray techniques, annealing of thin amorphous ribbons and severe plastic deformation. The plastic deformation methods include severe torsional straining under high pressures, equal channel angular pressing, cyclic extrusion compression - and others. -
Physics of Irradiation Effects in Metals
The book presents our present understanding of the basic physical processes in irradiated metals. All papers have been reviewed prior to publishing. -
Plasticity of Metals and Alloys
Confirming the fact that the various phenomena related to plasticity of metals and alloys continue to constitute a highly active field of research where many interesting developments are currently taking place, this volume presents 63 articles by well-known experts, on the topics of current interest. -
Grain Growth in Polycrystalline Materials I
The volumes present investigations on grain growth phenomena and their observation in various materials: metals and alloys, ceramics, sintered materials, thin films, etc.; normal and abnormal grain growth including twinning, texture, particle and other drag effects as well as analysis of topological aspects and grain size and grain orientation correlations; grain boundary structure, mobility and interaction with particles and impurity atoms. Experimental methods applicable to measurements of grain size, orientation of individual grains, etc. -
Mechanical Spectroscopy II
This book comprises the proceedings of the Second International School on Mechanical Spectroscopy; presented here as invited lectures (Part I) and contributed papers (Part II). After having originated merely as a technique for the study of internal friction, mechanical spectroscopy has developed strongly, during the past decade, into a tool which is now indispensable for making advances in the creation of new materials. This book will therefore provide an excellent reference source for every researcher working in the field.