Papers by Keyword: Agglomeration

Abstract: In this work, the effect of stirring conditions on agglomeration and coalescence-coarsening in isothermal, globulitic, semisolid AlCu10%wt was investigated. It is shown that for the investigated system, a shear rate regime exists which promotes crystallographic alignment of the agglomerated grains, leading to a rapid coalescence process, thereby the formation of rosettes. It is also experimentally validated that for lower shear rates, the size and porosity of aggregates are increased compared to that at higher level of shear.

Abstract: The influence of deposition mode of the ZnO underlayer on the thermal stability of 20nm thick Ag films in the ZnO/Ag/SiN multilayer stacks were investigated. ZnO films were deposited by reactive sputtering of Zn target under different O₂ flows corresponding to both transition and oxide modes. The films were characterized by sheet resistance, X-ray diffraction and SEM imaging before and after thermal annealing at 350°C, 400°C and 500°C, respectively. The results show that ZnO underlayer improves the thermal stability of the Ag films significantly. The ZnO deposition mode has huge impact on the Ag film on top of it. Compared with ZnO deposited in transition mode, ZnO deposited in oxide mode can induce more crystalline Ag film with stronger (111) preferred orientation, which is more thermally stable. For ZnO deposition in oxide mode, an optimal oxygen flow is identified to result in the most thermally stable Ag layer.

Abstract: This article deals with the presentation of modern applications for processing powdered, primarily hazardous, waste to an agglomeration form appropriate for subsequent processing by classical methods, for example in the construction, automotive and consumer goods industries. The aim of the research work was to set appropriate operating conditions in order to appreciate currently non-processable wastes resulting from the intensive production of often extremely expensive materials. Technologies which enable returning powder waste back into the primary production cycle were developed and experimentally tested, thus saving raw material resources. When necessary for the fixing of fine airborne particles with a problematic compacting curve (hard to compress, repulsive due to the surface charge) extrusion processes using a patented technology enabling controlled modification of shear forces in the extrusion zone were successfully applied. A new type of axial extruder allows the elimination of the liquid phase and as a result prevents the clogging of the extrusion chamber. In the case of need for granulation of sensitive materials (for example pharmaceuticals not allowing the addition of any kind of agglomerating fluid or reacting strongly in the contact of the two phases), a process of compaction between rolls with different profiled surface was successfully applied. The developed high technologies and the resulting products thus represent a major contribution to environmental protection in the context of not only the work but also the communal environment.

Abstract: The YBCO powder was prepared by oxalic acid precipitation method and consequent annealing. The correlation between pH values of oxalic acid solution and the precipitation percentage of precursors were analysed based on thermodynamics analysis. The differential scanning calorimetryanalysis (DSC) was used to confirm the synthetic technological parameter. The phases of powder in each process were investigated by XRD. The microstructures of each powder were tested by SEM and TEM. The mean grain size was calculated by the scherrer’s equation. The test results indicated that the YBCO powder with high purity, less impurities, smaller particle, but severe agglomeration, was Y123 when annealing at 900°C. However, adding dispersants could effectively solve the severe agglomeration. The size of YBCO particles was nanosized and coincided with the calculation.

Abstract: The effect of thermal cycling on the agglomeration within 48 hrs of Pt and PtRu electrocatalysts was investigated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In comparison with the thermal continuous test, particle agglomeration under the thermal cycle condition was more severe. The PtRu particle size increment was 44.4% and 70.4% for thermal continuous and thermal cycle tests, respectively. These results are in agreement with the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC) performance test. In the study of the effect of environment, the ethanol solution caused the highest Pt particle agglomeration, followed by methanol and water.

Abstract: Under the new energy industry is in Yulin City, "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" is another major issue, with social progress, increasingly rapid industrial development, environmental pollution is also an upward trend in the case, as the country's coal market - Yulin undoubtedly fog and haze is often a matter, therefore, the development of new energy is undoubtedly sustain the environment, the economy, a link between people's livelihood and industrial development. The article by using qualitative methods - location quotient and quantitative methods-CES measure method to measure the energy of Yulin City, the new clustering analysis of the new energy industry cluster Yulin growing trend, to be developed into the next Yulin advantages of industrial clusters.

Abstract: Alternating traveling magnetic field (TMF) was introduced to agglomerate the inclusions with a density smaller than surrounding melt. Primary silicon particles precipitating from the solidification process of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy was regarded as inclusions need removing. Results indicated that alternating TMF was more effective to promote the inclusions to agglomerate into clusters than downward TMF. The effect of alternating TMF to agglomerate the inclusions increases with the increase of current and frequency. There exists the best alternating time to get the best agglomeration effect. In this study, 10s is the best alternating time.

Abstract: This paper examines the micro foundations of geographical concentration of Chinese industries using the industry data. The results indicate that China's industry agglomeration degree and concentration degree both go down after rise first; The steel industry and petrochemical industry already show a downward tendency besides the Resource based industry still maintains a high level on the whole; the geographical concentration of the resource intensive industry, technology–capital intensive industry and labor intensive industry are significantly different.

Abstract: Inhalable particles suspended in air were an important pollution of atmospheric Environment. Because of very small in size, they were different to be captured by conventional filter. Chemical active agent, surfactant and flocculate, were introduced into chamber and encouraged the agglomeration of inhalable particles. Nonionic surfactant could reduce more than 30% of particles, while ionic surfactant could lead to the decrement of 23-26%. The particle removal efficiencies were only 15-18% in the presence of polymer flocculate and slightly above that of water. The larger droplet of spray favored the agglomeration of inhalable particles. Increasing the surfactant concentration resulted in the higher removal of inhalable particle.

Abstract: In the literature, there are often terms such as quality of life, housing quality, attractive housing, but the concept of attractiveness of the area is not particularly mentioned. However, at present there is no comprehensive method for determining the amount of spatial standard housing in residential areas on the outskirts of habitats. This issue is addressed only from the perspective of one factor or sub-regional or national scale, however, assessment of the quality of housing facilities in these cities is on the sidelines for now. In the present article, there are the factors that undoubtedly greatly affect the lives of all people living in houses, especially in the hinterlands of cities. For the purpose of the solving problem was used a value analysis, comparative method and survey.