Papers by Keyword: Antibiotic

Abstract: The antibiotic pollutant treatment in wastewater using conventional method remains a challenge. One of the most fluoroquinolone antibiotics family used by human and animal cure is ciprofloxacin (CIP). CIP has exhibited as a recalcitrant compound in nature with concentration from ng to mg. To overcome this issue, recent technologies have applied such as photocatalysis technology for water decontamination. Furthermore, photocatalyst materials that used in this research were zinc ferrite and graphitic carbon nitride. A simple hydrothermal-coprecipitation method has succeed to synthesis zinc ferrite. While, unexfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (ZFO@ue-CN) was synthesized by calcination at 550 °C for 4 h under air condition. A heterostructure approach combining zinc ferrite and unexfoliated graphitic carbon nitride (ZFO@ue-CN) has been investigated as a potential solution. In this study, a ZFO@ue-CN was constructed by calcination method under atmosphere condition at 400 °C for 2 h. The ZFO@ue-CN has been characterized involving structural, morphological, and optical. Furthermore, ZFO@ue-CN exhibited excellent degradation performance with over 88% removal of ciprofloxacin. The heterojunction formation of ZFO@ue-CN nanocomposite provide more efficient electron transfer compared to single material. Combination between metal oxide@ue-CN can open up the new platform for simple material preparation, nevertheless it can keep the photodegradation performance. This result also emphasizes that the ZFO@ue-CN nanocomposites has prominent application for wastewater treatment.

Abstract: Endophytic bacteria have a great potential to be applied as biofertilizers and biopesticides, but their information as a source of antibiotics still needs to be developed and explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential sources of antibiotics in endophytic bacteria isolated from the stems of Setigi, Wahong, Bongko, Kalimosodo, Dewandaru, and Legundi plants on Karimunjawa Island. Molecular approaches were performed to isolate, characterize, and identify bacterial endophytes as potential antibiotic sources by plate assay and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Dewandaru isolate was identified as gram-negative bacteria, whereas; gram-positive bacteria were detected in other isolates. Moreover, Setigi and Dewandaru isolates showed the highest level to inhibit the growth of Fusarium sp and displayed 99% similarity with antibiotic-producing bacteria, namely Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus cereus, respectively. These results indicate the possibility of antibiotic activities by Setigi and Dewandaru isolated. Therefore, it is assumed that both Setigi and Dewandaru isolates potentially appeared as new antibiotics sources from local plants. This study provides novel insight into the future production of novel antibiotics derived from plant-associated endophytic bacterial as a strategy for increasing the application of natural compounds to control plant diseases in agriculture.

Abstract: This paper summarizes the use of antibiotics and the current situation of bacterial resistance and explores the specific causes of bacterial resistance. Several commonly used and emerging detection techniques are described and compared. Finally, several measures and methods to reduce bacterial resistance are proposed.

Abstract: The theory of dissolution kinetics of gentamicin from polylactic acid-hydroxyapatite thin film composites is spotlighted with the combination of diffusion and polymer degradation modeling. The use of various mathematical models, characterizing diffusion, dissolution or/and erosion prevalence as well as a mix of dissolution-diffusion rate processes were employed in order to compare theory with experimental data. A number of factors influence the release kinetics of gentamicin from medical drug release systems and devices. It is difficult to have a single mathematical model that takes all these factors into account. It is shown that the degradation of the polymer matrix plays the biggest role in the release kinetics of polymer-ceramics thin film composites. It was also observed that multistage drug release form these devices depends also on the degradation kinetics of the polymer matrix. The effect of pH and device sizes were not studied but could also be of interest in future studies.

Abstract: Thispaper studies the method of detecting antibiotic trimethoprim (TMP) in theenvironment water, sewage and tap water with high performance liquidchromatography –diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The chromatographic conditionis confirmed that: the stationary phase is ODS, the mobile phase is acetonitrileand methanoic acid aqueous solution of 0.1%（12:88）, the flow rate is 1.5min·L^-1; theinjection volume is 5μL，the chromatographic column temperature is 25°C,DAD detection wavelength is 272nm. The experiment result shows that, the linearlydependent coefficient of external standard curve is 0.996, the detection limitis 0.017 mg·L^-1, adding standard recovery ranges from 92.6-140.6 ％.

Abstract: Wetland wastewater treatment commonly used in farming, but aquaculture wastewater often contains large amounts of antibiotics, making the wetland system there is uncertainty on the removal of contaminants. To this end, this paper four antibiotics (Ampicillin, Oxytetracycline, Bacitracin, Colistin sulfate) composite vertical flow constructed wetland wastewater treatment on the effects of mariculture. The results showed that for the next four kinds of antibiotics interfere IVCW with TOCNH₃-NNO₃^--N removal rate decreased; But after some time, TE for TOC removal and CS for NO₃^--N removal was without interference. In addition, wetland microbial resistance to antibiotics will be gradually formed, the lower the formation of drug-resistant and high resistant faster than the upper level, and prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics are more prone to tolerance.

Abstract: Clinical studies have proved that artificial joints may fail under prolonged gait load, which failure mechanism includes mechanical loosening and infectious loosening. Infectious loosening can be prevented by avoiding osteomyelitis, caused by bacterial infection arising from the marrow cavity, which affects the fixation function of the bone handle. As a result, use of bone cement containing various antibiotics has become an important method for prevention and treatment of infection after artificial joint replacement. This study was aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of bone cement after the addition of antibiotics through the mechanical tests. With the measurements we can then assessed the variations of mechanical strength with the dosage of antibiotics. The results showed that the dose of antibiotics directly affected the compression strength and elastic modulus of antibiotic bone cement. When the antibiotics was added more than 4.8 wt %, the cement strength was obviously affected and reduced, by 27%, indicating that during artificial hip joint replacement, the dose of antibiotics should be concerned, in order to avoid affecting the strength of bone cement and stability of the entire implant.

Abstract: Now, along with the improvement of people's living standard, more and more people quality safety problems of dairy products by the attention. Milk quality index basically has sensory indexes and physiochemical index, microbiological quality and harmful material residues and pollutants quantity four aspects. Regarding the enterprise, it wants to produce milk, besides should assured teaches defend in production of various indexes; outside the control of raw also cannot be ignored. The key points to control of raw comparison of raw index are to ensure effective method.In recent years, as environmental pollution increasingly heavier, antibiotics, making the wrong use already slowly pollution to harmful material variety of dairy products, in the milk antibiotic and heavy metal content has become the focus of people are indexes. First, in this paper introduces dairy products can exist of antibiotic types and the detection method, then to mercury as example, the paper introduces the current national state currently can several methods of determination of mercury, through the practical consideration, find a relatively simple, efficient, feasibility big test methods.

Abstract: The performance of sulfonamide and macrolide antibiotics in a spiked water removed by O₃ and O₃/H₂O₂ was evaluated uder different conditions such as ozone dosage, pH and H₂O₂/O₃ mole ratio. The results showed that O₃ and O₃/H₂O₂ were proved to be effective to oxdize sulfamethoxazole of sulfonamides containing the aromatic ring and erythromycin of macrolides, which were built of mostly saturated hydrocarbon structure, and O₃ was preferentially to oxidize sulfamethoxazole. With the reaction time of 30 min, when the ozone cocentrations were 2mg/L and 3mg/L, sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin removal efficiency was 93% and 91%, respectively. The sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin were removed completely within 30 min with ozone 6 mg/L. Degradation of sulfamethoxazole containing unsaturated C-C bonds occured easier at low pH only by O₃. Degradation of erythromycin with fully saturated structure was difficult, but the improved removal efficiency could be obtained at higher pH. The high concentratins of H₂O₂ to ozonation was favor to remove those antibiotics. At the 0.5 mole ratio of H₂O₂/O₃ ,the highest removal efficiency could be reached for all the antibiotics .

Abstract: Antibiotics have played a positive role in human health and. But underutilized antibiotics can’t be removed by normal treatment. The paper study the impact of fiber optical reactor catalytic degradation of oxytetracycline and step to examine the degradation effect. The results show that: temperature increases within a certain range contribute to the degradation of the oxytetracycline. Effects of pH on the photocatalytic reaction were significant, and alkaline conditions is more conducive to oxytetracycline photocatalytic degradation. In the concentration range of the experimental study, oxytetracycline photocatalytic degradation was inhibited by the higher initial concentration. Catalyst promoted oxytetracycline degradation, its addition amount on photocatalytic reaction influence is relatively large, when the pH is 7, with the increase of nano-TiO₂ dosage, removal rate was gradually increased. The degradation rate of oxytetracycline in different reaction process can be shown as: photocalysis＞photolysis＞hydrolysis in this research.