Papers by Keyword: Architecture

Abstract: Architecture is rapidly developing with new technologies, materials, and a desire to create more efficient and sustainable cities. It is becoming increasingly important in improving people's lives and cities by providing sustainable, more comfortable, and more aesthetically pleasing living and working environments. Architecture and construction materials have been developing rapidly in recent years, dramatically improving the quality of life and the look of cities. From energy-efficient building materials to smart management systems. ETFE is a fluorine-based plastic polymer that has become increasingly popular in the construction of modern buildings because of its lightweight and durable properties. This paper examines the characteristics of ETFE (ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) material in architecture and its application benefits in construction projects taking the Al-Abdali shopping center an example, which is located in the capital city of Amman, Jordan, where sustainable materials have remarkably grown in the past few 20 years. The study employed a direct observation method to assess the importance of ETFE sustainable material in the shopping center in Amman. Data from previous research and studies that are mainly related to construction materials were also included to build the base of this study. The study's results provide both an overview of ETFE material characteristics in architecture and an insight into its application in the chosen case in Amman. This paper contributes to understanding ETFE material characteristics, its application in architecture, and its potential for future use in similar projects.

Abstract: This article presents research and development on innovative photoactive admixtures for concrete and cement-based plasters for the finishing of concrete surfaces finished this year. The goal of the development was to provide the resulting surfaces of these newly developed materials with a self-cleaning ability stemming from photocatalytic reaction during exposure to UV radiation. The specific function of all these products is based on the photocatalytic oxidative mineralization of all organic structures present on the surface, i.e., their gradual transformation into the final simple inorganic compounds, which are carbon dioxide, water and the corresponding mineral acids. This research and development was carried out as part of a project supported by the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade, in the TRIO programme; and in cooperation of BETOSAN s.r.o., the Technical University of Liberec, the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences and the J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The first type of developed material is a photocatalytically active admixture in powder form, allowing the preparation of concrete surfaces with photocatalytic properties. The second type of developed material is a photocatalytically active cement-based plaster, intended primarily for application to a concrete substrate. Two final versions of both materials were developed. In the case of the plaster this means preparation of two colour variants, specifically white and grey. For the powder concrete admixture two types with different application procedures were developed. This means one version of admixture mixed throughout the entire volume of the concrete and second variant applied only in the surface layer of the concrete. We anticipate mainly exterior applications on the self-cleaning outer shell of buildings, as well as treatment of the surface layer of various structures such as bridges, noise barriers, traffic barriers and tunnels. The developed materials can also be used in interiors under specific conditions, with anticipated uses in the health care and food processing industries.

Abstract: The paper analyzes the issue of the absence of technical standards and regulations for exposed concrete in relation to its aesthetic quality and defines the possibilities of approach to the design and project documentation that would effectively lead to the desired visual result. Achieving a high-quality exposed concrete area is only possible if all the mentioned phases of the process are adhered to and the standards related to the execution of concrete structures are respected.

Abstract: This article presents research and development on innovative photoactive admixtures for concrete and cement-based plasters for the finishing of concrete surfaces. The goal is to provide the resulting surfaces of these newly developed materials with a self-cleaning ability stemming from photocatalytic reaction during exposure to UV radiation. This research and development is currently underway as part of a project supported by the Czech Ministry of Industry and Trade, in the TRIO programme; and in cooperation with BETOSAN s.r.o., the Technical University of Liberec, the Institute of Inorganic chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences and the J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences. The first type of material under development is a photocatalytically active admixture in powder form, allowing the preparation of concrete surfaces with photocatalytic properties. The second type of material under development is a photocatalytically active cement-based plaster, intended primarily for application to a concrete substrate. The preparation of two or more final versions is to be expected for both types of materials. In the case of the plaster this includes the preparation of two colour variants, specifically white and grey. For the powdered cement admixture we expect the preparation of various types based on their application. This could mean different types of admixtures mixed throughout the entire volume of the concrete or only in the surface layer of the concrete. We envisage exterior applications on the self-cleaning outer shell of buildings, as well as treatment of the surface layer of various structures such as bridges, noise barriers, traffic barriers and tunnels. The materials created could also be used in interiors under specific conditions, with anticipated uses in the health care and food processing industries.

Abstract: The construction material aesthetic characteristics used determine to a large extent the opportunities for architectural concepts. The above-mentioned architectural characteristics of chrysotile magnesium carbonate are those to be introduced in this part of the current research. Thanks to the experience in practical architectural design with the application of chrysotile magnesium carbonate it can be argued that theory in the field of architectural expressive capabilities of chrysotile magnesium carbonate has been practically tested and endorsed in the framework of pragmatic architectural design of small architectural forms.

Abstract: The paper describes the process of recrystallization of portlandite of limestone mortar in calcite. The degree of crystallinity of calcite in limestone mortar of some medieval objects of the north of the Byzantine oecumene is shown through the example of Abkhazia and calcite in natural limestone and marble. The work provides a comparative analysis of the calcite crystallinity and the estimated age of the building objects according to historical and architectural data. It is proven that the higher the calcite crystallinity is the elder the lime mortar and, accordingly, the architectural object is.

Abstract: In the modern formation of the architecture of the market economy, which determines the vectors of movement for decades in the conditions of global changes, in any production an important role is played by the presence of information systems of integration, which can combine activities from the supply of raw materials to the analysis of quality in the manufacture of products. Its place in this environment and find the availability of information technology organization of product quality control based on the identification system, as a set of different elements, using information, regulatory, methodological and laboratory resources [3].

Abstract: Today it is possible to speak about a postmodern sociology. It is based on the number of provisions reflecting the general level of social and humanitarian knowledge as well the provisions formulated on the ground of the theoretical studies analysis on postmodernism performed. In its diverse manifestations the postmodern paradigm essentially turns into an independent cognitive and theoretical-ideological entity that influences mainly the development of the already existing sociological concepts and arises their new models or modalities. The mono-city is the element of the self-organising social being fabric that is the subject of social synergies. The cognitive and heuristic element of joining social, economic and political problems and the prospects for the development of single-tooth cities can be classified as "fractal". The social world consists of many things that are the processes of formation, and in fact are fractals. The degradation of modern Russia in the social, political and economic sense is an indicator of the destruction of single-tooth cities in the conditions of the modern socio-demographic structure within the framework of the postmodern "end of history".

Abstract: The article presents the results of a scientific study of the history of the appearance of pictographic signs, their genesis, the importance of both informative and environmental elements in different cultures and the ability to purposefully organize and transform any modern visual and communicative space using archaic sources, introducing certain modern requirements for their design and placement in the architectural environment of urban space.

Abstract: There were considered the distinctive features of the historical center of the city, its cultural and artistic value. Attention is drawn to the fact that the space of this center reflects the most important features of the historical character of the city. The object and the subject of the research, as well as the purpose, objectives and methods of research were set. There were determined the complex of measures which are necessary to carry out the reconstructive arrangements. There were analyzed the main actions which are necessary to implement the regeneration of historical residential areas. The great attention was paid to the problems of preservation of architectural-construction heritage, interaction of all participants of architectural activity in the present context.