Papers by Keyword: Ash Fusibility

Abstract: It is significant for safe operation and energy saving to foreknow ash fusibility of coal. Ash fusibility of coal was divided into three levels according to softening temperature. The fusibility level was correlated with coal properties by a nonlinear classified model which was built using support vector machine. The model receives coal properties as input variables and would give a judgment of fusibility level as an output. Validation of the nonlinear classified model on 62 training samples yielded 100% accuracy. The prediction accuracy of 15 testing samples was 86.7%. Results indicate that the level of ash fusibility can be accurately predicted from coal properties with the nonlinear classified model.

Abstract: In the present work, the melting behaviour of ashes obtained from the combustion of coals from different seams were investigated by a laboratory-scale equipment. The ash melting behaviour was studied by heating the specimens in a tubular furnace under a controlled gas atmosphere, while continuous monitoring the shape transformation by a digital camera. The ash fusibility temperatures (AFT) were determined by using an application which allows the in-line identification of the AFT-related shapes specified in the ASTM D 1857-04. The effect of the furnace gas-atmosphere on the determination of the ash fusion temperatures were studied by performing the measurements under dry-air, SO2-rich-air and humidified air environments. It was found that under dry conditions, AFT determination is significantly affected by slag foaming, leading to an overestimation of the melting temperatures. Low water vapour concentrations does not appreciably change the results obtained under dry air, while SO2-rich atmosphere seems to reduce foaming. As a result, since no volume expansion was observed, samples heated under SO2-air flow, apparently melt at lower temperatures with respect to dry air conditions. The mineral phases transformation of the ashes during the heating process was studied by X-Ray diffraction and it was found that the low temperature transformations are essentially related to Iron and Alkalis reaction with aluminosilicates to form a glassy phase. On the other hand, high temperatures transformations are related to quartz and mullite solubilization which is closely dependent to the amount of Calcium, and therefore of anorthite phase, in the ash sample.