Papers by Keyword: Biodiversity

Abstract: Morocco, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, is recognized as a country of high biodiversity, particularly rich in marine flora such as macroalgae. These organisms are widely distributed along the coasts and play a fundamental role in maintaining the ecological balance of coastal marine ecosystems. This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal variability of macroalgal diversity along the Doukkala coast (Atlantic Morocco), a region known for its ecological and economic importance. From January to December 2019, monthly surveys were conducted in the intertidal zone across selected sites. The investigation focused on species composition, functional groups, and percentage cover in relation to seasonal fluctuations in key physicochemical parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH, nitrate (NO₃⁻), orthophosphate (PO₄³⁻), and dissolved oxygen. Ecological index analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were also performed to assess the relationships between macroalgal diversity and environmental factors. A total of 206 macroalgal species were identified, including 151 Rhodophyta, 29 Phaeophyta, and 26 Chlorophyta. Seasonal trends indicated a notable increase in species richness during the spring. The diversity and distribution of macroalgae along the Doukkala coast were strongly influenced by both physical factors (temperature, salinity) and chemical parameters (nitrate, orthophosphate, and dissolved oxygen). this study highlights the dynamic response of macroalgal communities to environmental variability, offering essential insights into the ecological status and resilience of marine ecosystems along the Atlantic coast of Doukkala.

Abstract: Madura Island is one of island in East Java as occupied by Solen sp. Four districts in Madura islands as the producer of Solen sp. Sampang is the biggest area with the largest size. This study aims to determine the morphology and biodiversity of the Solen sp in Madura. The study was conducted at several locations in Madura during the period from May to July 2015. The main sample are Solen sp and environmental parameters (temperature, salinity, pH, and substrate) taken at four locations in Madura i.e. Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. The analysis shows the parameter value range is 28-30^o C, salinity : 31-33 ppt, pH : 7.9-8.2, dominated by clayey-sand, and rate population is 7-10 individual/cm². It indicated that Solen sp have supported environment parameters. Mean length of Solen sp is 2-4 inch, elongated and thin, and the lid open with one another. Intracellular digestion takes place in their digestive gland which is composed of ducts, starting in the stomach and ending in blind tubules.

Abstract: The article deals with building physical behavior of the pitched vegetative turf roof with inclination of 25°, the vegetative layer is composed of the turf carpets. This paper is focused on possible constructional solutions of the pitched vegetative roof and on the thermal stability and increasing temperature during the summer period in the testing building. The important part of this survey concerns of designing and the efficient influence of the ventilated or unventilated air gap on the inner environment and stability of the roof construction.

Abstract: River play a very important role in regional landscape structure as an ecological element and corridor, and vegetation is very important for the healthy eco-system of a river. The advances of the research and application of near nature river training and vegetation measures were reviewed. The concept, content and function of ecological river training and near natural river training were discussed.. According to the principle of landscape biology, the positive influence of river vegetation on biodiversity was analyzed through edge effects, corridor effects and interference effects. On the basis of in-site experiments of more then ten sample rivers for years, it was concluded that to meet the needs of biodiversity conservation and maintain river ecosystem healthy and steady, in the design and construction of a river, the ecological function should take into due account, proper habitat conditions for plants and plant communities should be created through suitable plan layout, cross section, slope structure and construction material.

Abstract: Ecological real estate is a re-definition of green building, with its broad conception and inherent realities of social and economic development in the world nowadays. As planning, construction and management of ecological real estate in China is still in the preliminary stage, a method of biodiversity analysis in natural water bodies of real estate is established as a technical way of ecological real estate management.

Abstract: The core of this research was to study the amount, diversity, richness, evenness and dominance of soil Actinomycetes at lakeside of swamping wetland. In this study, Amount of Actinomycetes were determined through plate counting method, which was in Phragmites australis, Suaeda salsa and Nitraria tangutorum growing soil at the upstream, midstream and downstream of Wuliangsuhai. Community structure of Actinomycetes were analyzed on the basis of it‘s diversity index (H), evenness index (J), richness index (R) and dominance index (D). The results showed that, the diversity, richness and dominance of Actinomycetes were all affected by the types of plants, and showed significant difference among them. However, there was no significant difference for evenness. What’s more, both the order of diversity and richness in different plants growing soil were: Nitraria tangutorum> Suaeda salsa >Phragmites australis. And the order of dominance was: Suaeda salsa >Phragmites australis >Nitraria tangutorum. Dominant bacteria in Phragmites australis was Flavus, accounting for 85%, dominant bacteria in Nitraria tangutorum were Albosporus and Flavus, which accounted for 54.8% and 26%, and dominant bacteria in Suaeda salsa were Albosporus, Albosporus and Flavus, accounted for 26.7%, 23.5%. As the succession from Phragmites australis swamp to Suaeda salsa Saline meadow, and then to Nitraria tangutorum desert in Wuliangsuhai, the composition and structure of Actinomycetes there are changing at the same time.

Abstract: Invertebrates are important components of stream ecosystems. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of substrate particle size, shape and roughness on the composition and biodiversity of invertebrates. The results show that the particle sizes, porosity,and interstial dimensions of the substrate affect the invertebrate community,while the shape and surface roughness of the substrate do not strongly affect the benthos composition and density. The invertebrate composition in the gravel is stable. The density and species richness in the gravels, leaf humus and are much higher than those in the black silt and sands.

Abstract: Macroinvertebrates are important components of stream ecosystems. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of substrate particle size, shape, and roughness on the composition and biodiversity of macroinvertebrates. The results show that the particle sizes, porosity, and interstial dimensions of the substrate affect the macroinvertebrate community, while the shape and surface roughness of the substrate do not strongly affect the macrobenthos composition and density. The macroinvertebrate composition in gravel is stable. The density and species richness in the gravels, leaf humus and are much higher than those in the black silt and sands.

Abstract: We used methods such as microorganism cultivation and PCR-DGGE to examine the influence of glyphosate, paraquat, and xiao suo (used exclusively in China) on biodiversity. Two weeks after herbicide application, the strongest herbicidal effect was observed from paraquat, followed by glyphosate and then xiao suo. Although weed suppression was maintained over the effective period of each herbicide, surface vegetation gradually recovered after one month. Levels of soil bacteria and fungi were noticeably altered by exposure to herbicide. Actinomycetes were unaffected, however. Bacterial genetic diversity obviously changed, with some DGGE bands disappearing. Although several DGGE bands were lost, fungal genetic diversity remained constant. Actinomycetes remained constant. Overall, glyphosate and paraquat had stronger culling effects on surface plants than xiao suo, whereas glyphosate and xiao suo had stronger effects on soil microorganisms than paraquat. The results have implications for agriculture production, and provide information related to soil ecological stability and recovery for use in ecological management of economic forests.

Abstract: The distribution and diversity of bacterial community in Zijinshan commercial non-aeration copper bioheapleaching system operated at pH 0.8 for three years were investigated. The 24 meters high heap was cut off by mechanical digger. On the trapezoidal cross-section of the heap, 9 ore samples were taken from different vertical and horizontal locations and investigated by 16S rRNA gene clone library. Another 3 liquid samples from raffinate solution pond, spray solution pond and pregnant solution pond were also applied to 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis. The retrieved 1166 clone sequences from 12 samples were mainly related to genus Acidithiobacillus (42.36%), genus Leptospirillum (37.73%) and genus Sulfobacillus (6.52%). Relative high amount of heterotrophic bacteria were distributed at the ore surface in the internal part of the heap and in the liquid samples respectively. The retrieved heterotrophic bacterial sequences were mainly related to genus Acidiphilium (accounting 11.11% to 32.00% percent in the liquid samples), genus Acidovorax (accounting 12.37% in A1 sample), genus Pelomonas (accounting 4.17% to 10.31% in several ore samples) and genus Aquabacterium (accounting 10.31% in C2 sample). Bacterial diversity in the heap was increased from the surfcae layer to the interior of the heap. The proportion of genus Leptospirillum horizontally increased from the inner to the outer part while vertically decreased from lower depth (2-3 years leaching time) to higher depth(3-6 month leaching time), and reverse correlation of genus Acidithiobacillus was found in the heap. Our finding indicated that heterotrophic bacteria may play very important roles in the commercial bioheapleaching system, and revealed high distribution of genus Leptospirillum in the outer part of this non-aerated heap.