Papers by Keyword: Black Soil

Abstract: Solar stills as the cheapest options used to desalinate brackish water in areas having freshwater availability limitation. The purpose of this work is to investigate the water production improvement of double slope solar stills using heat absorption materials in the basin. Three similar shapes double slope passive solar stills were constructed to conduct the experiments in tropical climate of Malaysia. Each solar still had a stainless steel trough and a transparent polythene film as basin and cover respectively. Three basins each having 50 cm length, 30 cm width and 8 cm depth were used to keep the fed lake water. 2 cm depths of black soil and sea sand were added in two solar still basins respectively, while the last solar still had only stainless steel trough as basin. Experimental investigations on the solar stills performance showed that the solar still with black soil had a highest output as compared to the solar still yield using sea sand layer in basin or conventional solar still using only stainless steel basin respectively. Some water quality parameters of lake water and produced distilled water were also tested in the laboratory and indicated that the treated water met the WHO standard for drinking.

Abstract: The precision agriculture (PA) is the end product of the modern high tech's information technology and the agricultural production technology union. The soil nutrients are not only an important component of soil research, but also a critical determinant of its productivity. Some soil nutrients spatial distribution pictures were established based on important factors that affect crops production. The soil nutrient situation was understood by the paper in Jilin province black soil. The results can realized some information opening and sharing and helped some farmer and manager to understand some soil nutrient spatial distribution. They can speed up the development of Jilin province’s precision agriculture.

Abstract: Three kinds of organic materials were used for culture experiment, namely livestock manures, natural organic materials and half decomposed organic materials. And the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure was used to analyze the morphologic changes of Mn. The study was focus on the effects of different kinds of organic materials on contents and morphologic changes of Mn in black soil. And the results show that different kinds of organic materials all increase the total Mn contents in soil. The amplifications of livestock manures and natural organic materials are higher then half decomposed organic materials. Comparing with fertilizers only, all kinds of organic materials increase the contents of each Mn fraction. For Weak acid soluble (Aci.) fraction of Mn, natural organic materials increase most, for Reducible (Red.) fraction, livestock manures increase most, for Oxidizable (Oxi.) fraction, all kinds of organic materials are nearly the same, and for Residual (Res.) fraction, livestock manures increase most. In addition, different kinds of organic materials also lead to morphologic transformation of Mn, comparing with fertilizers only, livestock manures lead to inert transformation, while natural organic materials lead to active transformation, and half decomposed organic materials lead to inert transformation.

Abstract: ArcGIS analysis was applied to study the concentrations and spatial distribution characteristics of Cr and Ni in surface soil (0~20cm) of corn belt in Dehui—the typical area of black soil in Jilin province. The average concentrations of Cr and Ni were 49.85 mg·kg^-1 and 20.85 mg·kg^-1, which were both lower than the corresponding background value and thus in no pollution level. The trends for soil Cr and Ni were similar with higher concentrations trending N-S across the centre of the study area, while the other hotspots were located in the southwest of Dehui. There was prominent correlation between Cr and Ni in 0.01 level, indicating the close relationship of them. The method based on the geostatistical analysis in ArcGIS can exactly reflect the character of spatial distribution of heavy metals.

Abstract: The black soil was taken as the research object, and the phosphorus sorption-desorption kinetics characteristics of different components of colloidal dispersion complex in black soil were studied. Results showed that the maximum phosphorus adsorption amount by different components of the colloidal dispersion complex decreased in the order of G₀ < G₁2, and the adsorption amount would be stable as the time increase, while the desorption amount was in the order of G₁>G₀>G₂. The Elovich equation was the optimal model to describe phosphorus adsorption by different components of colloidal dispersion complex, which fitted better than the Two-constant equation.

Abstract: Soil water content is considered to be one of the most important factors affecting crop productivity. In this study, the different management practices were investigated in the black soil of Northeast China to evaluate the efficacy of practices on soil water content. The results showed that the application of organic matter, large-scale machine and residues retention have positive effects on soil water content. Saturated water content (SWC), field water-holding capacity (WHC), and available water content (AWC) were strongly correlated with soil bulk density and soil organic matter. Our results suggested that proper management systems could improve soil water use efficiency in black soil region of Northeast China.

Abstract: The interaction of soil aggregate with humic substances (HS) is important for fertility and soil carbon sequestration, So it is one of the hot issues of international affairs and Low-carbon Society. In this paper, the pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of the different organic materials on the combined states of humus in black soil. The results showed as follow: Compared with control treatment(CK), application of organic materials significantly increased content of loosely combined in>2mm and content of stably combined, but there was markedly differences among organic materials. Woody residues made loosely and unitedly and stably combined forms of humus in 1-0.5mm aggregates higher than others, at the same time, unitedly and stably combined in 0.5-0.25mm of woody residues were the highest. Animal excrement significantly increased unitedly and stably combined in 2-1mm. And herb residues enhanced stably combined in >2mm obviously. Use of animal remnant resulted in significant increase of tightly combined, whereas markedly decreased tightly combined in 2-1mm. Optical property combined forms of humus varied among organic materials.

Abstract: In order to improve black soil productivity in the Songliao Plain Cornbelt, a new tillage technology “deep plowing with mulching” was established. The effects of different tillage systems (deep plowing with mulching, subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage) on soil profile construction and aggregate stability were studied in this paper. The results showed that different tillage systems led to different patterns of soil profile construction; the deep plowing with mulching, subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage formed “flat type”, “undulated type” and “groove type” in the interface between plow layer and plow pan, respectively. Compared with subsoiling tillage and conventional tillage, deep plowing with mulching significantly increased the contents of macroaggregates, and decreased the aggregate deterioration rate in the plow layers. This work demonstrates that the new tillage technology could promote soil aggregate stability and contribute to soil structure improvement in the Songliao Plain Cornbelt, China.

Abstract: The black soil in Jilin Province, famous for providing significant amount of commodity grain to entire China, had already begun to regress to disappear on different degrees. To study the structure degradation of black soil in Jilin Province, We used SPSS and matlab programming on data information processing, thirty indexes were chosen, factor analysis on twenty-three samples from different sites and depths in Jilin Province was carried out, and dynamic clustering analysis taking the score of main factor as the variable was performed in turn. Combining them together, as a result, then the degradation mechanism was evaluated and classified. The results showed that eight factors from thirty indexes were found as the principal factors by factor analysis. By dynamic clustering analysis, the areas where twenty-three samples came from could be classified into three types: high degradation, medium degradation and light degradation. Finally, the differences among index scores were analyzed respectively, and reasonable suggested measures to prevent the black soil degradation were stated.