Papers by Keyword: Box-Behnken Design (BBD)

Abstract: The rheological properties of drilling muds are critical for achieving optimal performances during drilling operations. In this study, bentonite, tannin, and xanthan gum were utilised as water-based drilling mud additives to enhance the rheological properties. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to investigate the additive's effect on the rheological properties of the drilling muds. The concentration of bentonite, tannin and xanthan gum were considered as the independent variables, while plastic viscosity (PV), apparent viscosity (AV), and yield point (YP) as the responses in the design of experiment (DOE). The YP, AV and PV were determined using 9.0 ppg of drilling mud according to the API standard procedures. Response surface plots (3D) were used to analyse the effect of the independent factors on the rheological properties and resulting in R2 values of 0.9753 for PV, 0.9582 for AV and 0.9513 for YP, which indicates that the interaction between elements in the system were statistically significant as these R2 values were close to 1.0. Bentonite was observed to significantly increased the PV, AV, and YP, whereas it decreased as tannin concentration increased. The optimal rheological properties required for low PV and AV with a high YP could be achieved using WBM formulation of bentonite at 4.02 g, 7.29 g of tannin, and 0.53 g of xanthan gum. Meanwhile, xanthan gum had an insignificant effect on the PV, AV, and YP. This finding demonstrates that the RSM model is accurate and relevant tool; hence it may be utilised to optimise the experimental conditions of mud formulation and accurately predict the rheology parameters of drilling muds.

Abstract: In this study, performance of polyacrylamide grafted cellulose flocculant derived from Pandan leaves to treat reactive black 5 (RB5) dye from aqueous solution were investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) of experiment were employed to identify the optimum condition for chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction in RB5 dye. The optimization was based on three operating variables; initial dye concentration, flocculant dosage and pH. The optimum condition for COD reduction was achieved at initial dye concentration of 0.03 g/l with flocculant dosage of 0.06 g, at pH 11.72. Under this condition, the reduction of COD was achieved up to 54.24%. Linear and quadratic effects of flocculant dosage and pH are the most significant in affecting the degree of flocculation efficiency. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 81.77% for percentage reduction of COD level confirms that the models used in predicting the degree of flocculation efficiency has a very good agreement with the experimental results.

Abstract: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) mostly employs statistical regression method as it is practical, economical and relatively easy to use. The first and second order polynomial equation was developed using RSM. This polynomial model usually refers as a regression model. In this research, the objective is to find the best response surface method to model three factors and three levels parameters in machining. From the study, the Box-Behnken Design can develop a good regression model rather than Central Composite Design or Full Factorial Design. While, the second order regression model has proved to be more effective in predicting the performance of the given data set.

Abstract: In this paper, the effects of dyeing temperature, pressure, and time on mechanical property of wool fiber were investigated in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. In addition, On the basis of single factor experiment, the optimal technological conditions for dyed wool fiber was optimized by employing Box-Benhnken Design experiment, and the optimal conditions were as following: dyeing temperature 110 °C, dyeing pressure 25 MPa and dyeing time 75 min.

Abstract: A response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the determination of optimum coagulation process conditions for disperse navy blue dye wastewater treatment. The experimental design was Box-Behnken design (BBD) with three operational variables: coagulant dosage, pH value and settling time. The influence of these three independent variables on the chroma removal was evaluated using a second-order polynomial multiple regression model. Quadratic model was predicted for the response variable and the maximum model-predicted chroma removal efficiency was 95%. Based on surface and contour plots, the optimum conditions were obtained to be coagulant dosage of 70.98 mg/L, pH value of 7.46, and settling time of 15.80 min with the actual chroma removal efficiency as 93%.

Abstract: Using the phosphogypsum as adsorbent prepared from microwave modified for the removal of lead ions from aqueous solution has been investigated under optimized conditions in this study. Influences of parameters like adsorbent dose 0.5-1.5g/100mL, initial concentration of ions 20–60 mg/L , pH 5.0–7.0 and temperature 20–30°C on Pb ions adsorption were also examined, using Box-Behnken design matrix. Very high regression coefficient between the variables and the response indicates excellent evaluation of experimental data by second order polynomial regression model. The response surface method indicated that adsorbent dose 1.0g/100mL, initial concentration of ions 40mg/L , pH 7.0 and temperature 20°C were optimal for adsorption of Pb ions .

Abstract: The purpose of the paper is to investigate the dependency of various parameters on metal forming process using mathematical models. The incremental sheet metal forming process was studied using Box–Behnken design of experiments along with response from surface methodology analysis. In the study process factors namely feed rate, speed and coolant were analysed to understand the effect on the surface roughness, percentage (%) of thickness reduction, grain size and hardness of the Aluminium (Al) sheet metal, were examined after forming. The surface model analysis predicts that all four responses of the incremental forms show very strong correlation with the experimental results. The optimized process of incremental forming that runs on maintained levels of predicted factors, yield responses very close to that predicted from the model.

Abstract: Polysaccharide from Porphyra is a kind of important biological active substance. Therefore，it is significant to effectively develop and utilize the polysaccharide from porphyra and improve the economic and social benefits of porphyra. In this paper, polysaccharide was extracted by the method of hot water immersed extraction and ethanol precipitation. Extraction process of water-soluble polysaccharides from Porphyra was optimized by response surface methodology. The content of polysaccharide was determined by sulfuric acid to phenol method. The results show that the extraction time is 4.4 h, extraction temperature is 88°Cand the ratio of material to liquid is1:42(g/mL). Polysaccharide is precipitated with 5 folds volume of ethanol for 6 h. The proportion of the extraction of the porphyra polysaccharide under this industrial process conditions is 10.012%.

Abstract: Cellulaseassisted microwave extraction of polysaccharides from Elaeagnus angustifolia L. was researched. The four influential parameters, extraction temperature, pH value, microwave extraction power and microwave time, were optimized using the Box-Behnken design (BBD) with a quadratic regression model built by using response surface methodology (RSM). As results, the extraction conditions have significant effects on extraction yield of polysaccharide, a quadratic model was found to fit for EAP yield, and the optimal conditions was determined as following: extraction temperature of 38°C,pH value of 5.0,microwave power of 509W and irradiation time of 60 s. A maximum yield of 19.57± 0.02% for EAP was achieved in verification experiment.

Abstract: Reactive disperse blue R was adopted for supercritical CO₂ dyeing on modified wool hank by protease in self-made supercritical CO₂ dyeing device. The optimal process of dyeing was optimized by Box-Behnken Design experiment as following: dyeing temperature 103.60°C, dyeing pressure 24.23 MPa and dyeing time 62.03 min. Compared with the unmodified wool hank, the rubbing fastness and the washing fastness of modified wool hank by protease were better, and its color fastness met The National Standard (GB18401-2003).