Papers by Keyword: Centrifuge

Abstract: The paper deals with highly stable emulsions. It is concentrated on de-emulsification of crude oil. In the petroleum industry, de-emulsification is an important and urgent task that is typically required for the treatment of crude oil. This work, suggests method using coupling device integrated centrifuge with chemical to strengthen the de-emulsification efficiency. A number of de-emulsification runs were conducted to determine how centrifuge and chemical components affected the effectiveness of de-emulsifying crude oil and the separation of water, Different types of de-emulsifiers the (ethylene glycol, choline chloride and ethyl cellulose), were used with different concentration of de-emulsifiers, de-emulsification time in centrifuge and centrifugal speed. Also studied at the same time. Studies on the de-emulsification of crude oil were conducted at room temperature. As the concentration of de-emulsifiers was increased, crude oil's de-emulsification efficiency rose , centrifuge time and centrifugal speed ,with de-emulsifier type effect on de- emulsification ,which reached maximum (85.9%,84.4% and 74.07%) at rate 4% of ethylene glycol, choline chloride and ethyl cellulose respectively ,at 60 min and 4000 rpm . This method provides higher water separation from crude oil emulsion and quicker method.

Abstract: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) [1] was invented more than 100 years ago from its first invention in 1908 by Japanese biochemist Kikunae Ikeda, who was trying to isolate and duplicate the savory taste of kombu, an edible seaweed used as a base for many Japanese soups. From 2016, most MSG worldwide is produced by bacterial fermentation in a process similar to making vinegar or yogurt. Sodium is added later, for neutralization. During fermentation, Corynebacterium species, cultured with ammonia and carbohydrates from sugar beets, sugarcane, tapioca (cassava tuber) or molasses, excrete amino acids into a culture broth from which L-glutamate is isolated. In this process, Monosodium Glutamate companies buy cassava [2] pulps from farmers that contain a lot of sand and impurities. In order to increase the productivity with lowest expense, the filtration of sand and solid impurities’ is performed by separation cyclone. In this paper, we study all the measure to design a system of effective pump, cyclone to extract as much as possible all of solid impurities included sand out of cassava slurry before providing to the bacterial fermentation in a process.

Abstract: The increasing demand for roads has an impact on the supply of raw materials, especially asphalt. Asphalt oil as conventional asphalt whose quantity is decreasing so that in the end it cannot meet the needs of road construction. Asphalt Buton (Asbuton) offers an opportunity as an alternative natural resource that will be able to supply asphalt needs. Asbuton is still not popularly used due to several shortcomings, including the need for material as an asbuton modifier. Asbuton needs for this material because asbuton has been exposed to the open air for hundreds of years so that the liquid fraction of maltene is reduced because bitumen is trapped in asbuton minerals. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of materials such as vegetable oil with 13 types with which has the potential to serve as a solvent to dissolve bitumen from asbuton in order to improve CPHMA performance. The evaluation conducted using the Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) and the Marshall tests and the results of the LLE test showed the dissolution of bitumen by vegetable oil produced a high extraction efficiency (E) while Marshall test stability value had a stability value below the allowable standard for CPHMA and this means vegetable oil is not suitable as the solvent. It was, therefore, recommended that other treatments or materials are added to the vegetable oil to increase its ability to dissolve asbuton bitumen towards improving CPHMA performance.

Abstract: Centrifuging is one of the most complicated technological processes, and centrifuges are the ones of the most complex technological machines. Not all the questions of the theory of centrifuges have been sufficiently developed, in particular, there is no reliable description of hydrodynamic flows in the process of centrifugation, resulting in the impossibility of an accurate prediction of the separation of heterogeneous systems. Circulation and stagnant (“dead”) zones often appear in centrifuge casings, which lead to uneven residence time of the fluid flow and reduced productivity of the centrate. To improve the construction of these machines, as well as to substantiate the technological mode of their operation, experimental studies were conducted, aimed at identifying the dependence between a proportion of the stagnant zones and the rotor speed. Determination of proportion ofthe stagnation zones was carried out by processing and analyzing the response curves obtained at the centrifuge output, after creating a pulsed input disturbance. Studies have shown that an increase in the rotor speed from 350 to 750 rpm leads to a decrease in proportion of the stagnation the stagnation zones in the centrifuge from 12% to 4.5%, thereby contributing to the intensification of the centrifugation process.

Abstract: The study of materials processed in centrifuges improves the understanding of the acceleration influence in the convection behavior in materials processing. This work aims to study the influence of high gravity in PbSn eutectic alloy solidification using a small centrifuge designed and built in the Associate Laboratory of Sensors and Materials of the Brazilian Space Research Institute (LAS/INPE). The samples were analyzed by densitometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Abstract: In this work Al-Si-Cu Functionally Graded Material (FGM) is developed using centrifuge technique. The method used in this work to produce FGM is totally different compared to other centrifugal process which helped in producing solid cylindrical parts. The FGM is characterized through Microstructure and Hardness and it is found that the Cu segregated at the bottom of the casting and Si at the top due to the density difference. Similarly the hardness and the ultimate tensile strength at the bottom of the casting and at the top of the casting region is more when compared to region in-between the top and bottom of the casting.

Abstract: Microalgae are a form of prospective biomass energy. Cultivation of wild mixed microalgae not only develop a new way for biomass energy production, but reduce the emission of carbon dioxide in flue gas, which is important to the alleviation of global climate change. The production of bio-flues using microalgae included microalgae cultivation, harvesting and product post-treatment. The cost-effective microalgae harvesting ways was beneficial for all the production process. This study was carried out on the basis of microalgae cultivation. The microalgae collection ways including centrifuge, filtration by slow filter paper, 13# and 25# plankton net were compared, the results showed that, the algae cell collection efficiency decreased as follows, centrifuge > filtration by slow filter paper >25# plankton net>13# plankton net. For the same collection way, the collection efficiency had a little difference according to different microalgae species. The most suitable collection way was centrifuge for the microalgae cultivation in lab.

Abstract: In this study, the main aims were to iron-increasing and silicon-reduction of the iron concentrate by using centrifuge separating technology. Experimental studies were carried out on high-silica ferromagnetic iron concentrate in Dahongshan samples, which contain 50% of iron and 15% silica. Through the experiment, it chooses SLon1600 to iron-increasing and silicon-reduction of the iron concentrate. The optimum condition is pulp density of 20%~25%, feed speed of 1.99t/h, rinse water of 6.4t/h and flushing water of 10.22t/h. The iron concentrate which the grade of Fe is 62.36% and the recovery of 80.47% is obtained and the grade of silica reduce from 14.48% to 5.4%. High-quality iron concentrate is obtained, which has a better effect.

Abstract: A model waste mixing with kaolin, sand, and peat was developed. The physical properties of the waste were compared with the real municipal solid waste (MSW). The influence of unit weight on compression factor, shear strength, and saturated hydraulic conductivity was acquired. In addition, the homogeneous of the soil model was detected using the IWHR 450g-ton centrifuge and the newly developed centrifuge-robot.

Abstract: In this paper, the purpose and content, implement project and test of reconstructing of the centrifuge have been introduced. The main idea of reconstruction is that on the condition of reserving driving electromotor, main transmission system, supporting system and arm of centrifuge, timing system, monitoring system and assistant transmission system have been replaced, and the synchronization measure weight system is supplied to measure the centroid of the arm of centrifuge, in the meantime, the oil is supplied to the nacelle of centrifuge in order to make the centrifuge have the ability of complex test. In the result of aborative design, the centrifuge has higher level and ability of environment test after the reconstruction.