Papers by Keyword: Chemical Composition

Abstract: This study was conducted using the existing ignition device to verify the effectiveness of LFG, a renewable energy source. The experimental method used a constant volume combustion chamber to check the flame propagation process and combustion pressure. The experiment was carried out by changing the fuel composition ratio of LFG in the range of LFG70 to LFG40. From the result, it was found that the methane combustion occurred smoothly in LFG70 during the flame propagation process, and that combustion progressed gradually over time. In the LFG60 and LFG50 regions, which are fuels with a high CO2 ratio, it was confirmed that the combustion slowed down and the brightness of the light decreased at the same time. In LFG40 with 40% of CH4, a misfire phenomenon in which combustion does not occur was discovered. For combustion pressure, the CH4 chemical composition of the LFG was lowered, which led to the combustion delay and the reduction of combustion pressure

Abstract: The work is devoted to the comprehensive comparative analysis of extraction cakes, obtained after isolation of pharmaceuticals from medical herbs (Aconítum leucostómum, Thermopsis alterniflora, Glycyrrhiza Glabra and Vinca erecta) to characterize their composition and structural features of components, that is necessary for following valorization and for evaluation of extraction efficiency. Application of analytical pyrolysis to analysis of the medical herbs’ residues allowed to avoid disadvantages, connected with preparative isolation of components and get integral information about phytomass constituents and their transformation during extraction. The results have shown that aconite and licorice roots extraction cakes can be considered as perspective raw material for the chemical and biological processing for obtaining of carbohydrates-based products, whereas the periwinkle grass waste is perspective source for obtaining of aromatic and phenolic products. The data of the analytical pyrolysis indicate the сompleteness of biologically active compounds extraction from licorice roots. Extraction cakes of aconite, thermopsis and periwinkle grasses contained different amounts of unextracted targeted pharmaceutical compounds, which can increase their value.

Abstract: The properties of the material affect the quality of the manufactured product. Before transferring the finished product to the production phase and sending it to the customer, material tests should be carried out. Examined material properties such as chemical composition, phase composition, grain boundaries influence results obtained after measurements of the chemical composition. The spectrometers used in SEM or as separate XRFs can be compared due to the principle of operation. The main difference in EDS/WDX or XRF is the types of a beam that excite the characteristic X-rays radiation peaks. Unfortunately, both types of spectroscopy have limitations due to materials properties such as the application light chemical elements in alloys an example of B. As well as small quantities of chemical elements in used alloys that affect the obtained results.

Abstract: Slurry pumps are used to move and lift a mixture of copper ore and water at mineral processing plants. However, in the process, the pumps wear out at a high rate, which is costly and time consuming. This paper is a characterization of the chemical composition, microstructure, and hardness of samples from a copper ore mining company’s slurry pump and gravel material. With this information, studies using new technology and cladding materials can then be conducted, to compare and select the most effective treatment of the slurry pump’s surfaces to increase its operational lifetime.

Abstract: This paper deals with the possibilities of analysis of building materials in terms of chemical composition. Using the method of infrared spectroscopy, we can determine the organic compounds in coatings, adhesives, grout, and silicate materials. Building material characteristics have to be in accordance with the standards. However, due to external conditions, the material can degrade during its life. Observations and chemical analyses of the building materials must be performed to be able to do remediation and reconstruction of the historical building. Infrared spectroscopy was chosen as the best for qualitative analysis of organic admixtures in building materials.

Abstract: This study considers the influence of various heat treatment conditions on the change of steel microstructure parameters, mechanical properties and cold resistance at a temperature of-60 °C. The common behavior of these properties is considered depending on the heating temperature used for quenching and subsequent tempering. Based on the obtained results, heat treatment conditions are proposed that provide a combination of a guaranteed yield point σ_0.2 ≥600 N/mm² with a low-temperature impact toughness KCV^-60 ≥50 J/cm² and plasticity δ₅ ≥17%. The obtained research results are intended for industrial use at the mill "5000" site of MMK PJSC.

Abstract: The article presents a study of the physical and technical properties of ash and slag waste Coal Power Plant. The main problem when using ash-slag mixtures is the variability of the particle size distribution of the material. Determining the characteristics of slag stored in the dumps of thermal power plants will help to choose the separation methods of this material, to address the disposal and accumulation of industrial waste, to expand the scope of their application. The obtained research results of physical and technical properties of waste of the Coal TPP testify to wide potential in the further use in many branches of the industry. Possible applications include fillers for concrete, materials for sandblasting (abrasive material), raw materials for the metallurgical industry, additives for the manufacture of binders, etc.

Abstract: The authors conducted the study at micro-scratching of titanium, zirconium, niobium and molybdenum alloys. The content of the main element in alloys was from 99.5 to 99.7 %. Micro-cutting was carried out by specially prepared indenters with silicon carbide mono-crystals of a given shape. The state of the relief and the chemical composition of the wear area were studied using a scanning two-beam electron microscope. The micro-scratching speed was 35 m/s without cooling. The condition of the contact surfaces of silicon carbide and metals was studied at a magnification up to 100,000 times with the rotation and tilt of the microscope slide. The content of chemical elements was determined at individual spots of an object by scanning along the line and area. The authors also studied the condition of the wear area after micro-scratching of metals and after removal of metal adhesions by chemical etching. The intensity of metal transfer was determined by the average concentration of metal atoms at the wear area. The article also gives a classification of metals according to the intensity of transfer immediately after grinding and removal of metal adhesions. The influence of metal and the depth of micro-scratching on the morphology of the wear site is shown. It was found that molybdenum, having a low adhesive activity to silicon carbide, is able to penetrate microcracks and other surface defects during micro-scratching. The width of microcracks and the depth of metal penetration were determined

Abstract: This research aimed to determine the effect of sorghum varieties and protein levels on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of fermented complete feed. The data were analysed by complete random design of 2 x 3 factorial patterns; two varieties sorghum forage, namely BMR and Super-2, were used to formulate complete feed with 3 different protein levels, 8; 9.5; and 11%. Complete feed was fermented for 3 days, each of them were carried out by 3 replications. Fermented complete feed samples were analyzed for the chemical composition include dry matter (DM) content, organic matter (OM), crude fiber (CF), crude protein (CP), and in vitro digestibility i.e., DM, OM, and CF. Fermented complete feed of BMR variety has better chemical composition and digestibility value of CP than Super-2 variety, but it gives the same result to the digestibility of DM and OM. Fermented complete feed at 11% CP level has the best chemical composition and digestibility value. The 11% of CP was the best level to formulate sorghum forage fermented complete feed.

Abstract: Currently, Aluminium (Al) 6061 material is used in various industrial application and Automobile sector. Al 6061 gives good formability and excellent mechanical properties. This paper is mainly focused on the behaviour of the heat-treated aluminium alloy-6061 under the various test such as hardness test, impact test and other industrial applications. Based on the outcomes of Heat treatment, the quality of the Aluminium alloy-6061 is also compared with that of Aluminium alloy-5083, 6063. Hence, this paper helps in future research, which is based on the behaviour of the Heat-treated aluminium alloy under Hardness test.