Papers by Keyword: Citrus

Abstract: The development of Chinese citrus processing industry is imminent,as an essential part of the citrus processing equipment, the citrus peeling part has great value. In peeling mechanism, for pneumatic pushing rods would do reciprocating motion for a long time, thus of great significance for the reliability design.This article focuses on the reliability design in citrus peeling parts.

Abstract: Citrus plants strongly depend on arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) but low AM colonization found in the field. Therefore, mycorrhization of seedlings is vital for better citrus growth vigor. The study evaluated the effects of four containers (earthen pot, plastic pot, nursery cylinder, and nursery bag) on growth, mycorrhizal development, root system architecture (RSA) and chlorophyll concentration of trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings inoculated with Glomus versiforme. After five months, AM seedlings grown in an earthen pot displayed the best AM colonization, vesicles, entry points, shoot dry weight, total plant dry weight, plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, RSA traits (taproot length, total length, projected area, surface area, volume, and number of first lateral root), and chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll concentrations, the AM seedlings grown in nursery cylinder and nursery bag better, and the seedlings grown in plastic pot worst. It suggests that mouth diameter of containers is key to mycorrhization of seedlings. Meanwhile, earthen pot is the best container for mycorrhization of trifoliate orange seedlings.

Abstract: The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF, Glomus mosseae) on plant dry weights, sucrose and glucose concentrations, and sucrose-metabolizing enzyme (AI-acid invertase; NI-neutral invertase; SS-sucrose synthase) activities were examined in young citrus (Citrus junos Sieb.ex Tanaka) seedlings. After three months of mycorrhizal inoculation, root mycorrhizal colonization was 55.32%. Inoculation with G. mosseae significantly increased shoot and root dry weights and sucrose and glucose concentrations in leaf and root, compared with non-AMF seedlings. AMF colonization was significantly positively correlated with glucose and sucrose concentrations of leaf and root, suggesting that AM symbosis alters carbohydrate concentrations to sustain symbiosis development. On the other hand, AMF colonization significantly increased root AI and leaf SS activities, but decreased leaf AI and NI activities and root NI and SS activities. Based on the correlation analysis, it assumes that AMF regulated the carbohydrate concentrations for the plant growth and mycorrhizal development through altering activities of the sucrose-metabolizing enzymes.

Abstract: The problem of robot operation based on vision is to locate and identify the target. The approach of active shape model has been used to identify the target and taken citrus as example in this article. First, the different shapes of citrus are calibrated and calibrated; Second, the method of principal component analysis is used to get the models of different shapes of citrus; Finally, the models are used to do gray matching with the actual citrus and the characteristic parameters such as the ratio of pixel to number are extracted to achieve the identify of the citrus image. The experimental results show that the method has higher recognition rate for citrus image and better robust and good flexibility.

Abstract: The Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, is a serious pest insect for citrus fruits. The infected peel area can cause rot and fruit drop. However, there is no efficient automatic detection technology at this time that could detect the infected fruit. In this investigation, hyperspectral reflectance images were evaluated for detecting infected area on the citrus surface in the wavelength range between 500 and 950 nm. Optimum Index Factor (OIF) method was applied to identify the optimal band combination. Experiments result with a 97.5% recognition rate showed that hyperspectral imaging and proposed classification method were effective in differentiation of infected fruit and normal fruit. This study will lay a foundation for developing multispectral detection system used in on-line detection of infected fruit.

Abstract: The method to provide crop biomass status information for precision agriculture by researching the features of leaf area index(LAI) is presented in this paper. The relationship between LAI and spectrum can be identified by spectrum analysis, thereby achieving fast and accurate LAI measurement. The exact total leaf area and the nominal LAI values of citrus leaves can be calculated through a scanning calibration experiment. Analysis system for citrus LAI spectrum data is made up of a data acquisition platform with FieldSpec-FR and computers as its key components to collect spectrum data of leaves and an inversion platform with computers, ViewSpecPro, SPSS and other softwares as its core to calculate the LAI of citrus leaves. The fitting equation of LAI and spectrum information obtained is Y=1.5106X+0.7869 and the calculation error is ±0.0378%. The fitting equation of LAI and dry weight obtained is Y=0.0924X+3.1252 and the calculation error is ±0.3002%. The fitting equation of dry weight and wet weight obtained is Y=0.1807X-0.1133 and the maximum calculation error is 2.2713%.