Papers by Keyword: Collagen

Abstract: The case of gingival recession has a high prevalence, about 88% of the population of the United States in one or more locations suffering from gingival recession. One of the handling cases of gingival recession is to use scaffold that includes the development of tissue and cell engineering. This study aims to determine the best composition variation scaffold of collagen-chitosan with the addition of glycerol. The process of synthesis of collagen-chitosan-glycerol scaffold using freeze dry method that can form pores on the scaffold. Characterization was also carried out on the results of the synthesis of collagen-chitosan scaffold with the addition of glycerol include the morphological characterization, tensile, cytotoxicity, swelling, degradation, and thickness. The results of morphological characterization showed pore size ranged from 26.68 - 191.7 μm with a thickness of 0.51 - 0.65 mm which was suitable for handling of gingival recession cases. The result of tensile test showed that the variation of 9: 1 has the lowest value that is 2.87 MPa where the value is close to tensile strength value for periodontal which has a value ranging from 2.75 to 5.13. The characterization of cytotoxicity shows a value that is less in line with the literature, where live cells <50%. This is because collagen and chitosan have an acidic pH so that the cells cannot reproduce. Characterization of degradation shows all the variations experienced a severe reduction process from day to day. The characterization of the swelling of all samples was equilibrated at 7 minute. Chitosan-collagen scaffold with the addition of glycerol has good potential as a scaffold candidate for gingival recession therapy based on morphological characterization (thickness and surface structure), the mechanical strength (tensile strength), degradation, and the degree of swelling.

Abstract: In recent years biopolymer fillers are widely used to development of composite materials for various purposes. In this respect collagen hydrolysate (HC) is one of the most promising biopolymer for modification of synthetic polymers to produce different types of item. In this work, a new source of collagen has been tested - collagen hydrolysate obtained from a swim bladder of northern fishes. The cure characteristics, mechanical and relaxation properties, abrasion resistance of the Butadiene–acrylonitrile rubber composites containing the collagen hydrolysate have been discussed. The chemical compositions, properties, morphology of collagen hydrolysates have been studied. It was shown by means of IR spectroscopy that the bands of Amide I, Amide II, Amide III, Amide A, which is related to the vibrations of the polypeptide bond of the protein, are recorded in the infrared spectra of the samples. The morphological structure of collagen was investigated by scanning electron microscope JSM-7800F ("JEOL", Japan). The size and the zeta potential of collagen hydrolysate were investigated by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) on the Zetasizer nanoZS instruments (Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK).

Abstract: The novel approach of an individualized medicine affects nowadays various areas of therapeutic treatment. Primarily, these include the application of pharmaceuticals, private point-of-care solutions, surgical procedures as well as steps of rehabilitation. However, beside these existing strategies the development of patient specific models for the training of clinical personal is currently insufficient. Such models are essential to prepare a personalized approach of medical care. One possible solution to address this problem could be the adaption of the established 3d printing technology for the processing of suitable biopolymers. The presented work is focused on the development of a printing system utilizing collagen. Therefore, it is intended to design multiple extrusion heads in accordance with the material parameters. In order to achieve the aspired physiological properties of the final model, a first set of experiments will be performed with several compositions of collagen to validate the fundamental mechanical characteristics. Hereby, the elasticity, thermal stability, force resistance as well as the haptic behaviour are of most interest. Afterwards, these obtained experimental results should be used to simulate the extrusion process and to validate the extruder concepts. In case of a positive evaluation these concepts are realized by using rapid prototyping technologies. Finally, this novel 3d printer will be used to print first organic test structures with collagen.

Abstract: This research addresses the challenges of sustainable use of natural polymers, including in technical fields. One of the leading trends in science and industry headway today lies in designing advanced functional materials, e.g. for manufacturing medical items, technical devices, food-processing tools et al. For this purpose, universally applicable technological processes are being developed, including in biotechnology. One of the main goals of this research is to explore ways to consolidate living systems, by instilling in them desirable physical and chemical properties so as to diversify their applications, including in technical fields. Polymers structure and properties have been investigated via raster electron microscopy, spectral analysis, et al.

Abstract: One of the biggest problems facing the leather industry is the production of solid waste with chromium. Dechroming process remove chrome from leather waste and it is designed to recover the value of collagen in the waste. Thus, the aim of this study was try to improve a methodology of dechroming process already described in the scientific literature, seeking to increase the percentage of dechroming ratio, as well as to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the dechromed samples obtained from the leather residue for possible applications that require non-toxic materials based on collagens. As results, the dechroming process has been shown to be effective, with 99.29% of chromium removed from the shavings. In addition, it is possible to infer that the process of dechroming performed in this study was efficient in the neutralization step of hexavalent chromium and that the collagen from the leather residue did not shows cytotoxic and genotoxic effects for the evaluated in vitro test system. Therefore, this treatment allows to obtain a valuable product extracted from what was previously a hazardous waste.

Abstract: Eggshell membrane is an important bio-material to be used as a raw material in many industries i.e. nano-tissue engineering, drug delivery, cosmetic, and composite materials. The objective of this work was to study the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of eggshell membrane prepared and separated from the hen eggshell waste. Eggshell membrane has initial pH at 7.82 and zeta potential equal to -17.1 mV effect to the instability and begins to agglomerate particles. Furthermore, the physical properties (characteristic, microstructure, particle size, density, and color) and thermal properties (phase transformation and thermal reaction) of eggshell membrane also are reported here.

Abstract: The study presents the extraction of collagen, a product of high value, from fleshings form hides. After testing several collagen extraction procedures we have proposed the simple and effective method to extract collagen from collagen-containing wastes of the leather industry. The unified method is based on the extraction of collagen using acetic acid in the presence of EDTA and included two repeated extraction stages. Qualitative analysis of the collagen using the disk-electrophoresis method showed a different ratio of monomers, dimers and other proteins.

Abstract: Traffic accident is the highest cause of head injury. In the field of neurosurgery, it is closely related to the defect of duramater (outer layer of the brain). This study aims to perform artificial duramater synthesis from bacteria cellulose that is composited with collagen in order to find the precise composition. Bacteria cellulose was synthesized by fertilizing Acetobacter xylinum bacteria into coconut water. In addition, bacteria cellulose pellicle membrane immersed into collagen solution with various concentration such as 0.4% w/v, 0.5% w/v, 0.6% w/v and 0.7% w/v. The dried sample was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR), tensile tester, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and swelling test procedure. Result showed that the best sample was ‘Sample A’ (bacteria cellulose-collagen 0.4% w/v) that obtained 8% elongation and 185 μm for the average thickness. Based on the entire result, the biocomposite of bacteria celluose-collagen has a high potential as a candidate of artificial duramater.

Abstract: Open wounds treatment is very often a challenge for both the physician and patient. They require long term complex treatment with surgical debridement, dressing changing, additional therapies including expensive medication, with a high risk of failure. The most difficult to treat are the diabetic wounds and those that are associated with advanced arterial disease. In these special cases, the peripheral vascularization is severely impaired and the complications are imminent. Sixteen patients were selected from those appearing to our hospital departments of orthopedic and plastic surgery. Inclusion criteria included patients with a recurrent mixed fibrotic and granular wound base following trauma or diabetes, in which NPWT was indicated, without exclusion criteria. Patients enrolled were treated with regularly scheduled NPWT dressing change and using of a collagen scaffold. Patients were followed until healing, with visual representations of wound progression and time to full healing recorded. Both applications of these therapies appeared to accelerate the wound healing by clearing degenerative fibrous tissue and expediting wound granulation without additional complication. Some of the patients were healed partially and plastic surgery techniques were applied. Use of collagen scaffolds in conjunction with negative pressure wound therapy in the care of complex wounds is a reliable and effective method combining both the new granular tissue formation capacity of the scaffold to hold osteoblasts. In our experience, we have noticed that the patients benefit greatly when collagen scaffolds is combined with NPWT. It is our belief that this combination therapy combines the molecular clearing of non-viable collagen with the wound granulation necessary to advance complex wounds in healing.

Abstract: In case of burns, scaffolds serve as cover for burns and facilitate cells regeneration. Accordingly, this study seeks procedures to synthesize composite scaffolds for burns utilizing collagen-chitosan-Aloe vera to find the best concentration of Aloe vera as scaffolds application. The synthesis of scaffolds was performed with collagen constituent composition as follow: chitosan (1:1) was dissolved in 0.05M Acetic Acid, then subsequent variations of Aloe vera (AV), namely 0% AV; 0.1% AV; 0.15% AV; 0.2% AV; and 0.25% AV were added into collagen-chitosan solution, and freeze dry method was applied. Sample characterization was done by FTIR, tensile strength test, SEM test, cytotoxicity assay and degradation test. Typical absorption bands of collagen in the FTIR test was obtained at 1645.5 cm^-1 (C = O stretch), chitosan at 1540.28 cm^-1 (NH stretch) and Aloe vera at 3474.41 cm^-1 (NH stretch). Tensile test data showed the highest number of tensile strength from the 0.1% AV sample at 0.017 MPa. The SEM test revealed a pore size of <50 μm. During cytotoxicity assay, the entire sample is not toxic. Degradation test demonstrated that overall sample was not exhausted within two weeks. In conclusion, sample with 0.2% AV was potential as scaffolds for burns skin tissue.