Papers by Keyword: Conditioning

Abstract: The article describes a heat and power complex utilizing internal sources of consumer heat, as well as using renewable energy sources. The power complex also includes heat accumulators, cold accumulators and a cascade heat pump plant. This heat pump plant has a high conversion factor of electrical energy due to optimization of heat flows. In this article, a method for determining the energy efficiency of the heat-energy complex under consideration is disclosed.

Abstract: The high hardness of brittle materials always make it hard to machine with traditional grinding wheels. Conventionally a diamond grinding wheels was used to improve the poor processing capability. Usually the specific grinding energy had been used as an indicator of machinability. According to its definition, the specific grinding energy increases with the active contact area of the grinding wheel decreases. In other words, reducing the surface contact area of the grinding wheel can enhance the specific grinding energy effectively. Conditioning grooves on grinding wheels not only enhance the specific grinding energy, but also achieve the effect of reducing the heat dissipated during the grinding processes. With the proper selection parameters, the high cost of diamond grinding wheel may be replaced by less expensive conventional green carbon and aluminum oxide wheel. In this studies, the relationship between the surface topography of grinding wheels and the grinding capability of brittle materials was investigated. The results show that, the traditional grinding wheel dressing properly while the depth of cut less than 20μm with the rhombic pattern and the depth of cut more than 20μm with the groove-like pattern can grind the brittle materials as good as using diamond wheel.

Abstract: Polishing process is a primary technique for planarization of material surface in manufacture fabrication. The pad structure and its material properties are important to determine the polish rate and planarity that can be achieved by the polishing process. Besides, the pad conditioning is used to regenerate the surface of the polishing pad surface by breaking up the glazed areas. Because the polishing and pad conditioning mechanism is inadequately understood and because higher levels of pad polishing performance are desired, the investigation of experiment becomes more important.In this paper, a high precision polishing machine has established. With an improved design, a test rig can be easily used to simulate the polishing, pad conditioning process and acquire the signals of temperature. The temperature of test pads (i.e. Rodel IC1000A, Rodel IC 1000B and Opetech SB 660) is measured during polishing and pad conditioning process. For the self-design test rig, its surface temperature is measured by T-type thermocouples screwed behind the polishing (or conditioning) interface of the carrier. The experimental results provide a temperature index to end-point-detection and contribute to understanding of the mechanism on polishing pads.

Abstract: as everyone knows, conditioning F²N² (Feed Forward Neural Network) in many ways, but ways, but has so far failed to completely solve the "convergence not quickly" and "convergence is not robust"of these two problems, thus affecting the application of F²N². Aiming at this problem, pro this paper puts forward a new method of processing and application of F²N², the method of flexible BPNN (Back Propagation Neural Network) algorithm and hierarchical optimization algo-rithm as a whole, each layeris independent rights attached to the conditioning process, carefully con-structed F²N² objective function is non linear series based on the description, not only can the optimization of each layer of the weight problem is simplified to a linear problem, but also can effec-tively controlthe linearity error. This paper provides several examples of application of F²N² automa-tic detection, the results of application show that, this method is superior to other methods.

Abstract: This research was carried out as part of project MPO FR - TI4/332 – New Technologies of Bonded Facade Cladding with Anchor Elements with Increased Resistance to Corrosion.This contribution concerns tests carried out to investigate the tensile properties of silicone sealants for use with facade cladding materials. The experimental part of the research is aimed at ascertaining the technical properties of sealants via the cyclic alternation of extension and compression of test specimens in test moulds. For the tests, industrially manufactured neutral and universal silicones were chosen from three different manufacturers. The aim of the research was to discover any differences that might appear in their resistance against alternating maintained extension and compression of the specimens under extreme temperature conditions, i.e. a high temperature of (70+2) °C and a temperature simulating freezing, i.e. (-20+2) °C. The cladding material used was fibre-cement composite boards (known as Cembonit), ceramic and glass cement facade claddings.The result of the measurements taken is a summary in which effective and unsuitable combinations of sealants and test substrates are outlined. The main conclusion is the fact that it is not possible to responsibly choose a suitable material without taking appropriate measurements or having previous experience. A secondary conclusion to this article is the fact that there are significant differences between individual sealants in the results they provide in combination with specific cladding material.

Abstract: In this paper there are observed some aspects regarding wheat conditioning which has as target phisico-mechanical and structural properties changing, in order to improve the quality of flower obtained by milling. It is presented the research methods which include the use of a milling stand and a hydrothermal treatment device of wheat. The results of the experimental attempts are shown in the tables and graphics and the conclusions obtained are presented at the end of the paper.

Abstract: The effects of fly-ash on dewatering of sewage sludge were studied according to sludge specific resistance (SSR), dehydrated speed, and moisture content of sludge cake as investigation indexes through single-factor experiments by contrasting to cationic polyacrylamide (PAM). The results showed that SSR kept decreasing with the rising of fly-ash dosage. When the dosage of fly-ash was 0.02 g/(ml sludge), SSR reduced by 65.2%. When the dosage of fly-ash was over 0.03 g/(ml sludge) adding with PAM, the dehydrated speed will be increased by three fourths. Through the analyses of Zeta potential, scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation, combined with the dehydration experiments, it was thought that the mechanism of fly-ash on dewatering of sewage sludge was that their particles evenly dispersed in sludge floc skeleton structure and thus decreased the SSR and improved the permeability of the sludge cake. The disposal of dewatering sludge and recycling approaches after fly-ash condition were also discussed. They can be used as landfill or as raw materials in building fields.

Abstract: Amount of water content in fresh air phenomena direct heat affect to be changed fresh air to hot air state for reducing refined sugar moisture during drying and conditioning process. A change relative humidity of air results in a significant variation of heat transfer rate. Therefore, in this research energy reduction of refined sugar drying and conditioning process study of these phenomena was conducted both experimentally and theoretically. Several experiments was performed employing a rotary dryer and a conditioning silo. In each experiment one of the air moisture content was changed and the resulting consumption of steam changed on the process was measured. The objective of this research was to reduce exhaust steam to heated up fresh air to hot air by installing dehumidifier. Evaluation of these results showed that the low humidity of fresh air are well suited for applied of refined sugar drying process, giving the perfect performance in which quality of refined sugar impacted can be eliminated and reduction of energy can thereby improve, with the aim of enhancing energy saving.

Abstract: A flexible system to multi-channel high frequency signal acquisition and transmission was designed. The system took FPGA as the center control logic unit. It could realize real-time acquisition, conditioning, modulus conversion to multi-channel high frequency signal and sent the converted digital signal to the storage device through FIFO. The system could also realize the real-time monitoring, data unpacking and analysis to storaged data by using computer software. FPGA software design adopted VHDL language. The experiment results show that this data acquisition and transmission system is stable and accurate.

Abstract: The sediments in all kinds of containers in oily field ground processing system were called tank bottom oily sludge. In this paper, the characteristics of sludge were studied. The colloid and asphaltene can increase strength of the oily-water emulsion film which can lead to seriously oily emulsion. In view of this, the process of conditioning-ultrasonic demulsification-centrifugal separation treating tank bottom oily sludge was designed by studying the sludges physical and chemical characteristics. The process parameters were selected. The conditioning were that the dose of detergent was 600 ~ 800 mg/L; The ultrasound processing was that the temperature was 60°C, the ultrasound power was 12Kw and the running time was 25min; The centrifugal separation was that the temperature was 60°C, the dosing flocculant was 600mg/L and centrifuge rotating was 2200r/min. The oily containing in the sludge of centrifugal exports was less than 2% by using this process at the optimal parameters.