Papers by Keyword: Construction

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to describe the construction of the bridge spanning the Chomutovka river valley as a part of the road I/27 bypassing the village of Velemyšleves. The investor of this project is Ředitelství silnic a dálnic ČR, správa Chomutov (Directorate for Roads and Motorways of the Czech Republic, division Chomutov). The general constructor of the entire project is the association of companies Silnice Group a.s. and AZ sanace a.s., the constructor of the foundations and the pile foundation is AZ Sanace a.s. and the constructor of the bridge is SMP CZ, a.s. The project execution documentation was carried out by the planning agency NOVÁK & PARTNER s.r.o. The designer and lead construction engineer of the project is Doc. Ing. Lukáš Vráblík, Ph.D.The structure is a seven-span bridge with a total length of 537 m. The load bearing structure, constructed using cantilever casting and supporting construction, consists of a seven-span continuous box girder with two frame connections. The whole structure is to be opened for public use by the end of this year.

Abstract: Tissue engineering has the potential to regenerate tissue which regeneration capacity is limited. Nowadays, three-dimensional scaffold has become an excellent scaffold in tissue engineering. Chitosan as a scaffold material in tissue engineering is known for emerging techniques for treating some tissue damage, but there are questions that need to be answered, including application of chitosan and other materials, to provide growth factors, mechanical support and other micro environment, as well as the application at all levels, including conducive to an optimal and suitable cell source, the usability of growth factor, the selectivity of optimal biomaterial scaffolds as well as the technology for improving partial reconstruction of meniscus tears. This review focuses on current research on application of chitosan as scaffold material of construction In Vitro.

Abstract: Construction projects have a number of features which clearly differentiate industrial production problems that may occur as are many, very diverse and no t lea st very difficult to solve. This difficulty in solving the weight comes from modeling phenomena regarding specific construction activity. So it requires a good knowledge of the content and implementation stages of a construction project and to ensure compliance with the rules and specific requirements.

Abstract: The current trends in the construction industry, considering the magnitude and complexity of construction projects required the development of an appropriate methodology in the design, commissioning work and completion of works. The objective imposed creation of the "Office of Project Management" and all processes, tools and techniques of project management respects besides applicable standards and legislation construction, also imposed code of ethics and professional conduct of the PMI that guides practitioners professional project management, construction engineers, installers, architects etc. and describes the expectations that they have of themselves and of others.

Abstract: Currently, we are witnessing the significant impact of industrial activity on the environment. A recent study shows that construction is the third largest industry sector in terms of environmental pollution. One option to reduce these negative effects is environmental assessment of buildings, as well as the used building materials. One of the most comprehensive environmental assessment methods is LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), which includes the assessment of impacts within mode ”Cradle-to-gate” which is focused on assessment of a partial product life cycle from resource extraction (cradle) to the factory gate (i.e., before it is transported to the consumer). The aim of this paper is a comparison of the environmental impact of selected material variants applied within modern methods of construction. The comparison will be processed through the results of the case study containing three material variants of family houses construction in term of three selected parameters - embodied energy, global warming potential and acidification potential.

Abstract: Late completion of construction project compared to planned schedule is common in construction projects. Delays can create cost and time over run and disputes between client and contractor executing construction work. First part of the study focusses on determining reasons which contribute to delay in construction work. This paper doesn’t attempt to propose methods to avoid delays. The possibility of using extant time and cost forecasting methods to help project managers anticipate delays has been evaluated in second part of the study.

Abstract: Robotics and automation are playing very imperative role in the modern construction practice to meet the challenges and expectation specifically in the infrastructural projects. Automation is a tool for operating or controlling different stages of construction process using mechanized and electronic devices or control systems to reduce the human intervention to a minimum. The design and implementation of these automation technologies has shown progressive outcomes compared to conventional methods. Moreover, considerable improvement in working condition, reduction in accidents and significant increase in production have been evidently observed in the recent construction projects as well as in the earlier research studies. Although several countries have adopted automation in their construction projects, application of these techniques in India is limited to a greater extent due to lack of proper guidelines and specifications. It is important to develop appropriate standards and guidelines for Indian construction sector. This paper reviews different automation techniques that are currently used in many parts of the world and suggestions for their application in the Indian construction scenario are discussed in detail. Moreover, guidelines for efficient design and implementation of automation techniques in India are highlighted in this paper.

Abstract: The article considers contemporary methods and especially recycling of wood waste. The volume of wood waste is constantly growing due to the increase in the number of buildings subject to demolition or dismantling, reconstruction and repair works. The article contains the main requirements to the raw material derived from waste. Advantages of products made from wood-polymer composite materials on physic mechanical parameters. The comparative characteristic of cost for the production of wood-polymer plastic. It is noted that production made from wood polymer composite materials has unlimited product range, including boards, various profiled molded and moulded details with complicated shape (the board for the floor, skirting board, baguette, etc).

Abstract: The article considers innovative materials for construction. Using mathematical planning methods, we studied how the quantitative composition, the biocidal additive and gypsum content influence on the compressive and flexural strength and density of the composites. We found that the more gypsum in a composition the higher compressive and flexural strength of a specimen. So, with the greatest degree of compositions filling (fly ash – 20 mass fractions, gypsum – 11.2 mass fractions) maximum compressive strength is 72.5 MPa. We determined when the fly ash content rises up to 20 mass fractions per 100 mass fractions of clinker, flexural strength rises too and specimen density decreases. The developed compositions of biocidal cements recommended for use in the manufacture of materials, products and structures for buildings and constructions, operating in aggressive environments.

Abstract: In this paper, we consider a method of increasing biological resistance and biological durability of buildings and constructions that are subject to destruction from the impact of microorganisms activity. This article presents the results of studies of innovative materials in the field of bioresistant building materials. Powders of milled quartz sand and limestone were the fillers for the composites. Limestone used for the experiments is from the Chechnya depostits. We have implemented optimization for the cement composites compositions using the methods of mathematical experiment design. We derived the dependences describing how the bioresistance coefficient, the elastic modulus and the water demand depend on the granulometric composition after 3 and 9 months of aging in the environment of filamentous fungi. We have found that the multifractional compositions have a higher bioresistance coefficient. We determined the fungal resist compositions.