Papers by Keyword: Consumption

Abstract: The importance of iron and steel to any nation’s economy cannot be overstressed. This paper X-rays the importance of iron and steel to the development of any nation’s economy with reference to China, South Africa and Nigeria. It discusses that iron and steel companies are needed to provide high-quality and efficient services. Benefits that can be derived from iron and steel which includes; revenue generation for the sustenance of nation’s economy, employment generation, industrialization are discussed. Government policy, lack of commitment on the part of policy makers of this country among others have been outlined as barriers that militate against the development of iron and steel in the country. Commitment, implementation of every policy formulated for the industry and partnership with experienced private sector was identified as among the solution to move the sector forward. Keywords: Industry, Iron and Steel, Economic, Production, Consumption, Policy

Abstract: The 2 stroke single cylinder (63 cc) engine of 750 watt electric generator is very popular in the application because providing enough amount of electricity for small house hold with compact size, light weight with reasonable price. Usually this type of electric generator is fuelled with gasoline that mixed with oil as lubricant. The cylinder volume of the engine is usually around 63 cc. This type of engine can be fuelled with biogas with addition component to mix biogas together with air and lubricant, and set the compression pressure at 10 bar. Biogas mainly contain methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), moisture (H2O), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The CH4 is combustible gas and can be used as a fuel for internal combustion engine. Moisture and H2S are easily removed from biogas. To remove CO2 from biogas is about difficult and costly, therefore acceptable content of CO2 in the biogas should be investigate related with the fuel consumption. This research is conducted to understand the influent of ratio CH4 and CO2 in the biogas to fuel consumption of the 2 stroke single cylinder engine of 750 watt electric generator. The variations ratio of CH4 and CO2 were obtained from anaerobic digester with batch system. The results indicate that the CH4 and CO2 ration in the range 1.667-1.967 will yield optimum efficiency that reach biogas consumption in the range of 9.1-9.8 liter/minute.

Abstract: Generally, a maintenance process of a machine tool is oriented to maintain its reliability and availability in a relation of its productivity. This productivity will make a direct impact on the economic aspect of its plant. Ecomaintenance is a maintenance concept which sees maintenance in a different perspective. There is another effect on a machine that is maintained well on the environmental aspect beside its benefit of technology and economic aspects. If a machine is maintained with a proper maintenance, it will have a performance suitable with its age design condition. A machine with a good maintenance generally has a minimum rate of pollutant and waste which is possible emerging from the machining process. Then, if it uses for a machining process, it will produce a good quality product on its surface roughness and dimension accuracy. The electrical energy consumption of the machine also can be saved. It means that the GHG which usually emerges from the process of electrical energy generation in the power plant can be minimized, also the coal as fuel can be saved. The result of experiment has proven that the machine with bad maintenance will consume the electrical power higher in range 10%-60.81% than the machine with a good maintenance.

Abstract: The different interests of the two populations towards recyclable waste led to a different scenario: in Romania all types of WEEE have been collected since its entrance into the EU; in China the ‘‘interest’’ in recycling is typically related to large household appliances, with a secondary role are the regulations covering three major issues, namely, take-back issues, controls on hazardous substances in WEEE and the assurance of good environmental management in WEEE plants. Keywords: WEEE, Collection, Recycling, Regulation, Consumption

Abstract: It is commonly claimed that the modern secularized society worships consumption and fetishism of things and that consumerism has become a substitute to religion. Is that still true Is our society really nonreligious Has not secularization exceeded the stage of atheism It might not need being defined to the old religion any more. Maybe again without remorse the new paganism indulges, for its faith is not ashamed. How are these trends reflected in architecture The paper presents details of a particular architectural work - skylight in an the Avion shopping center (Ostrava), as a case study, which analyzed and interpreted with help two opposite principles. It is also said that a hypermarket (English only knows the word: supermarket.) became a temple of consumerism. Temples traditionally used to have specific lighting - more of chiaroscuro. Windows allowed only little sunlight to enter, artificial light was imperfect. On to contrary a hypermarket has no windows - and the artificial light is even of better quality than the daylight. Still there is a skylight in a building of a shopping center. This modern temple is open to the sky, lets sunshine enter into the own inner. The skylight is shaped as a pyramid. Through skylight tradition meets with new practice: a popular symbol of free Masons is reinterpreted by nowadays builder/designer - steel rods have inverted bearing system, going from thin to thick profile. Skylight refers to himself - connects the earthly closed space with the air vertical (strengthens the axis mundi). It is an archaic work or on the contrary postmodern anachronistic

Abstract: Crude Oil consumption for every unit of GDP output is a significant indicator for oil use efficiency. This study aims to investigate the long-run relationship between energy consumption efficiency across the four BRIC countries. We tested for panel unit root and panel cointegration. Oil consumption was of low efficiency in India. The cointegration suggests the common inefficiency of oil use. We may find out some common or similar determinants improving the oil use efficiency in the rapidly growing but heavy oil import-dependent countries.

Abstract: Fluorescence spectra and signal stability of the fluorescent scale inhibitor SC260 and dibenzofuran-2-sulfonic acid hydrate in deionized water and in seawater concentration experiment were described. There was no impact on respective excitation and emission peaks of each other and the change of fluorescence intensity was no more than 5%. The relationship between fluorescence intensity and concentration of SC260 and BFN were linear. Because the fluorescence signals of SC260 and BFN were stable in seawater concentration experiment, the consumption of fluorescent inhibitor SC260 in seawater was studied.

Abstract: As the estimating of natural gas consumption can provide a better guidance target to gas production and market development ,its accuracy is playing an extremely important role in both the reasonable programming of oil and gas field development management and the promotion of economic benefits. This article builds a mathematical model of combinatorial optimization based on the natural gas consumption data of China, and solves it then by means of MATLAB .Compared with the actual value, the deviation of the combinatorial optimization worked out less than that in the single calculating method. When applied to the real production, this model can provide theoretical evidence to the programming of oil and gas development management and the adjustment of development project as well.

Abstract: As a kind of renewable clean energy, the constant access of wind power to power grids is bound to have a great impact on the power system. Based on the grid structure in Fuxin, this paper will state the difficulty of peak regulation and the matter of wasting wind power caused by the large-scale wind power integration and put forward some reasonable methods for using the wasting wind power in the heating in winter. The relevant results indicate that capacity of local consumption of wasting wind power can be improved. Under the circumstances, it can be conductive to solve the problem of wasting wind power results from the difficulty of peak regulation as well as inspire the power system planners.

Abstract: With the urban development around the Muta Temple Relics Park and the site protection as a focal point, this paper presents an overview of the history and the current status of Muta Temple, a famous temple flourishing during the Sui and Tang dynasties. Through the analysis of the development and construction of the temple’s surrounding areas as well as the protection plan of the temple site in the urbanization process in recent years, the paper touches upon the two successive constructions on the Relics Park. Whether the planning and construction aim at building a relics park or a theme park, the historic context of the temple should always be the focus of the area’s urban planning and development. The paper manifests that in the rapid process of urbanization, architectural heritages on the one hand have gained widespread concern and recognition, while on the other hand, in the process of public transmission and repercussion of the historical and cultural heritages, the architectural heritages have in essence become a phenomenon of symbolic consumption, and the reality of protection is in discrepancy with the spirit upheld by the great site protection charter. This phenomenon actually reflects the choice of people in contemporary times between land development and recognition of heritage values, and also reflects a new trend in people’s great site protection values in the era of rapid urban development: the fragmentation of heritage. In the paper, a conclusion is reached that the architectural heritage is father and father away from us in its form of existence, at the meantime, some of us in recollecting and protecting the relics park have made more people of this age smell the flavor of the heritage fragments. People have increased their awareness and love for the historical sites. From this perspective, fragmented architectural heritage has further melted into people’s perception of life—becoming a faint and distant memory.