Papers by Keyword: Cotton Fabric

Abstract: Bacterial growth on textiles, particularly underwear products for both men and women, can result in serious health issues such as rashes, blisters, yeast infections, and even an increased risk of prostate cancer for men and cervical cancer for women. Additionally, it can cause unpleasant smells, stains, and discolorations in the fabric, reducing the product’s life cycles and environmental issues. This study aims to develop a fabric for underwear that can terminate bacteria and bring comfort to the wearer. The cotton fabric treated with Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) was investigated in this research. Tensile strength, morphology, structure, moisture content, and antibacterial properties based on the disc method and count plate against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were examined. Both strains showed 99.9% antibacterial activity by cotton fabric treated with Ag-doped ZnO nanoparticles. The results demonstrate that the treated fabrics have excellent performance, making them ideal for use in underwear products and reducing health problems caused by bacteria.

Abstract: Cotton fabric is a textile material that is valued for its strength, breathability, absorbency, and potential for many textile products. In this study, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) was synthesized by the sol-gel method, and cotton fabric was coated with TiO₂ by the dip-coating method in an ultrasonic bath for self-cleaning applications. The characteristics of the coated cotton fabric were determined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray, and tensile strength. The photocatalytic activity of cotton fabric treated with TiO₂ nanoparticles was followed by the degradation of three organic compounds, such as tea, coffee, and red wine, under solar, UV, and xenon light conditions. The results showed that stains of organic compounds were successfully decomposed by more than 50%, and the light conditions significantly affected the self-cleaning ability of fabric. The higher energy of light leads to improved degradation of stains on the treated fabric. With the ability to self-clean, cotton fabric may have great potential for commercialization in the textile industry for high-end products.

Abstract: In this paper, the sol-gel technique was used to design hybrid phosphorus-doped silica structures for improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. To this aim, diethylphosphatoethyltriethoxysilane (DPTS) was employed as phosphate alkoxysilane in a multistep procedure that involved multiple layers (from 1 to 6) depositions. The multi-layer coatings were applied by padding using sols containing appropriate molar ratios of the precursor, anhydrous ethanol, catalyst, and hydrochloric acid. Moreover, the synergism P-N on flame retardancy of cotton was assessed by introducing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as an N-donor precursor in DPTS sols. The effects of the catalyst during the alkoxide reaction and the silica amount applied by sol-gel treatment on the thermo-oxidative behavior of the treated fabrics were deeply studied. The creation of the silica skeleton on the cotton surface and the interactions between the cellulosic fibres and the doped layer were investigated using FT-IR ATR spectroscopy. Moreover, thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, flammability properties, and combustion behavior of the sol-gel treated cotton fabrics were also studied, proving the effectiveness of the sol-gel coating in the fire protection of the cellulosic substrate.

Abstract: In this study, sheet-like MnO₂/ZnO microflower (MnO₂/ZnO) loaded on cotton fabric was prepared via a facile reflux-thermal deposition combined technique. The coated fabric and as-fabricated particles were analyzed through numerous characterization techniques including field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), tensile strength, Ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS) as well as photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The optical trait of the ZnO was significantly improved by the addition of MnO₂ that extended reflectance edges in the visible light region. The treated cotton fabric greatly inhibited the growth of Escherichia Coli bacteria and Aspergillus Niger fungi as testified by the zone of inhibition surrounding the fabric samples. The self-cleaning outcomes also demonstrated that 3% MnO₂/ZnO/fabric presented highest visible light photodegradation of phenol among the samples. The promising performance of the cotton fabric coated by MnO₂/ZnO composite was related to the reactive oxygen species produced by the heterojunction photocatalytic mechanism under exposure of visible light.

Abstract: Based on the generalization of research results on the processes of obtaining SiO₂ sols using tetraethoxysilane and ethyl silicates, the main factors influencing the elasticity of silica coatings on cotton fabrics and their fire-retardant properties are considered. The possibility of forming covalent bonds between the functional groups of cellulose, gel coating and flame retardant layer is considered, which explains the strong fixation of a thin layer of coating on the fibers of the fabric and improve its fire protection. The use of the developed compositions for fire-retardant elastic coatings based on ethyl silicate allows to increase the time of complete burning of cotton from 30s (untreated fabric) to 600s (treated with binary coating).

Abstract: The use of complex fire-retardant coatings based on ethyl silicate gel - diammonium hydrogen phosphate reduces the process of smoke formation during thermal exposure to treated tissue samples, which is promising for improving the fire safety of textile materials. The compositions are easy to obtain, they do not require specific processing conditions, do not contain toxic substances. This allows us to offer developed compositions for fire protection of textile materials used in facilities with a large number of people.

Abstract: All-cellulose composites (ACCs) become growingly attractive materials in wide range applications due to its green profile, biocompatibility, and enable recycling. In this work, the ACCs was fabricated from cotton fabric (CF) by partial dissolution via aqueous NaOH/urea solution. The alternative ACC fabrication technique using vacuum bagging in the dissolution step was introduced in this study. SEM images confirmed that a vacuum aid during CF-ACC fabrication effectively improved the consolidation of resulting composites, showing better bonding and structure integrity. The CF-ACC prepared with vacuum bagging-assisted process showed almost two-fold enhancement in tensile strength as compared to another one prepared without vacuum bagging. The effect of dissolution time (15-45 min) on structure and properties of CF-ACCs was also investigated. The CF-ACC prepared with vacuum bagging at dissolution time of 15 min showed the highest tensile strength of 35.25 ± 1.39 MPa and elongation of 21.17 ± 1.46 %. The longer dissolution time, the larger portion of the crystalline fibers dissolved and converted into the amorphous matrix phase of CF-ACCs (confirmed by XRD). With longer dissolution times, the tensile strength of the prepared composites was decreased. However, it was found that with increasing dissolution time and using vacuum bagging in the fabrication of CF-ACCs could enhance their Young’s modulus values, indicating a greater interfacial adhesion gained in these composite structures.

Abstract: Cotton fibre has been widely used for clothing applications since thousand years ago. However, the products made of cotton fibre can be easily deteriorated by microoganisms due to its natural feature and moisture affinity. This will lead to loss of mechanical strength as well as hygiene problems. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have shown antimicrobial effects on many microorganisms. Due to the lack of bonding between ZnO and cotton fabric and improve mechanical strength, PVA is applied onto ZnO and cotton fabric by dip coating. In this study, the presence of ZnO NPs are determined by SEM and XRD. The crystal size of ZnO NPs are approximately 25 ~ 35 nm. The optimum tensile strength occurred at 0.20 M ZnO and 15 g PVA. The antibacterial efficiency against S. aureus is tested by disc diffusion test. It found that increased ZnO NPs and PVA concentration, increased inhibition zone and thus showed good antibacterial activity.

Abstract: Cellulose solution was used for coating and it was prepared by dissolving pulp cellulose in Urea-Thiourea-NaOH-Water solvent system. Reactive Red 240 dye was used for dyeing the coated as well as control cotton fabric. The effect of cellulose coating on the dyeing properties of cotton fabric was studied by measuring K/S values of the coated substrate at various concentrations of cellulose and dye. K/S value decreased after coating cellulose on the surface of cotton fabric. The lightness of cotton fabric increased after cellulose coating. SEM micrographs revealed that coated cellulose was attached to cotton fibers. Tensile strength increased after cellulose coating.

Abstract: Enzymes including starch-degrading enzymes and glucose oxidase are used in one-bath process to desize and bleach cotton fabrics. The effect of enzyme concentration on pretreatment efficiency, especially bleaching of cotton fabrics has been investigated by innovatively focusing on glucose conversion ratio of desizing products. The results showed that the starch sizing materials of cotton fabrics were completely removed by starch-degrading enzymes. The conversion ratio of glucose in desized liquor increased with concentration of glucoamylase. Consequently, whiteness of cotton fabrics bleached in one-bath process was also improved, and an increase of 7% in whiteness of bleached fabrics was observed. The fabric tear strength was decreased. However, the loss ratio could be controlled below 15%. The properties of softness and adsorption of bleached cotton fabrics were satisfactory.