Papers by Keyword: Diesel Engine

Abstract: According to increasingly stringent emission regulations on particle emissions from automotive vehicles, a diesel engine must be equipped with diesel particulate filter (DPF) to trap the particulate matters (PMs) which can be harmful to human health. Morphology and chemical composition of particulate matters were successfully studied using electron microscopy and electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. Microstructure of particulate matters derived from diesel blending lubricating oil were not significant different compared to diesel PM. Nanostructure of soot is a spherical shape composed of curve line crystallites and the particle sizes were in the range of 10 – 60 nm while the metal oxide ash is composed of lattice fringes. Chemical composition analysis of EDS result showed that metallic additives from lubricating oil cannot be burned during combustion and might be transformed into metal oxide ash.

Abstract: The depleting Fossil fuels reserves are caused to look into new Renewable energy sources to fulfill Diesel fuel demand in developing countries such as India. Increasing urbanization is lead to the search for new alternative sources like biodiesel. In India demand of diesel fuel in Industry and Transportation sector. To resolve all the above problems, researchers, scientists were produced biodiesel from first, second and third generation biodiesel sources. Among all the sources Algae was the most Oil rich sources. The byproducts in algae to biodiesel conversion process are most valuable than other. In the present work author tried to work in a new approach, i.e. the mixed culture algae particles are emulsified in pure Coconut biodiesel fuel by using TritonX-100 as a surfactant to prepare an emulsified fuel. This fuel sample was applied to DI CI engine to improve performance, emission characteristics. The experimental results were shown that there is the improvement in diesel engine performance; emission characteristics especially break thermal efficiency and NOx emission reduction than diesel fuel due to its clean combustion.

Abstract: Direct use of vegetable oil as a fuel on compression ignition engine has been described as impossible, because of its high viscosity and density. Transesterification process and other methods have been identified as ways of reducing these two properties. The high cost of virgin vegetable oils and its competition for food have made the biodiesel unable to compete with fossil diesel and also hike its cost. In order to solve these menaces, in this study, waste frying oil was used as a feedstock for production of biodiesel via transesterification using anthill-eggshell promoted Ni-Co mixed oxides (NiCoAE) as heterogeneous catalyst. The composite catalyst was prepared via incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method and thermally treated at 1000 °C for 4 h. The developed catalyst was characterized using FTIR and SEM techniques. The biodiesel produced under the favourable reaction conditions was blended with petroleum diesel in three different proportions (B20, B50 and B80) and were tested on diesel engine to evaluate their performance and emission characteristics. The blended fuel containing 20% by volume biodiesel (B20) emitted lowest percentage of CO and CO₂. The result obtained herein indicates that the mixture of biodiesel and petroleum diesel containing 20% biodiesel (B20) emitted less carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), thus, indicating best dual fuel combination, which can be used in diesel engines without any adjustment or modification in the engines. This result is in agreement with the findings reported in the literature and Energy Policy Act (EPA) of 1992.

Abstract: In order to efficiently supercharge Diesel engines with pressure wave superchargers it is necessary to correlate the superchargers rotation speed with certain parameters of the supercharged engine. For this purpose, to reduce the research costs and duration, simulation models can be used which help to determine the parameters which have a major impact on the supercharger's rotational speed and efficiency. In this paper there are presented two simulation models: a one-dimensional (made in AMESim software) and a three dimensional (made in Fluent Software). This simulation models offer the possibility to visualize some dynamic phenomenon within the supercharger, like the evolution of the pressure waves or the turbulent flow inside the rotor channels. These phenomena are difficult and expensive to study with conventional methods.

Abstract: Alcohols begin to show a real interest for their use as fuel at compression ignition engines due to require reducing the pollutants emissions, especially NOx emission. Among the primary alcohols, butyl alcohol (butanol) is considered to be of great perspective in its use as fuel in diesel engines due to its properties close to those of diesel fuel. It is miscible with the diesel fuel and the achieved blend is stable. In paper are presented some aspects regarding the diesel engine’s fuelling with butanol and diesel fuel blends using the experimental research and numerical modelling. The use of the butanol as a fuel for diesel engine has led to the reducing NO_x emissions with about 25% and the Brake Specific Energetic Consumption (BSEC) with about 5% at the full load and the maximum torque engine speed.

Abstract: Improving the efficiency or work and reducing the emissions of toxic substances into the atmosphere are the two key directions of development of modern combustion engines. Improvement of engine efficiency is feasible only by increasing the precision of control thereof, which necessitates long-term operating tests. Regrettably, due to complexity of processes taking place during the combustion of fuel, these phenomena can only be tested on simulation models, based on a mathematical description of the phenomena.This paper presents the results of verification tests of the developed fuel combustion model in a multifuel compression-ignition engine for an engine running only on diesel fuel.

Abstract: The drawbacks associated with bio-fuels can be minimized by making modifications to combustion chamber. Modification of combustion chamber is achieved by providing an air gap in between the crown and the body of the piston with the top crown made of low thermal conductivity material. Experimentation is carried on a diesel engine with brass as piston crown material and karanja as test fuel, which is found to be a better alternative fuel based on the tests carried out prior to modification. Investigations are carried out on the performance of the engine with modified combustion chamber consisting of air gap insulated piston with 2 mm air gap with brass crown when fuelled with karanja oil. Comparative studies are made between the two configurations of engine with and without modification at an injection timing of 29^o bTDC. Performance, heat balance and emission plots are made with respect to brake power. Fuel consumption increased with modification. The mechanical and volumetric efficiencies are similar in both the cases. Indicated and brake thermal efficiencies got reduced with modification. But, it is good to see that HC and CO emissions are showing positive trend. Thus, the present investigation hints the possibility of improvements while making piston modification and providing air gap insulation.

Abstract: Rapid depletion of conventional fuels and growing requirements has led the researchers towards alternative sources like bio-fuels. Present work discusses the suitability of those bio-fuels in a naturally aspirated diesel engine by comparing the performance. Initially, the effect of bio-fuels on fuel consumption and thermal efficiencies are studied and compared with diesel. Thermal efficiency is improved and specific fuel consumption reduced, particularly with karanja oil when compared to diesel. Secondly, the energy balance of the engine is compared. Heat losses are found reducing in bio-fuels due to viscosity and heat rejected to coolant is found less with karanja oil when compared to diesel. Also, the engine emissions, particularly oxides of carbon, nitric oxides, and unburned hydrocarbons from bio-fuels and diesel are sensed using five-gas analyzer and compared. NO_x and CO₂ emissions are slightly more in bio-fuels when compared to diesel, while CO and HC emissions are less for bio-fuels.

Abstract: In this work biodiesel of various proportions has been blended with E20 (20% ethanol and 80% diesel). Bio-diesel concentrations are varied at 10%, 20% and 30% while ethanol concentration was maintained at 20%. Performance, emission and variation of ignition lag of the fuel blends were analyzed. There was a very good reduction in CO emissions by 28% in comparison with E20 and 80% in comparison with diesel. NOx emissions of the blends were decreased by 16% compared with diesel and no variation with E20. Brake Thermal Efficiency (bte) of the blends was higher by 11% up to 75% load and 4% at full load compared with diesel and lesser by 2% in comparison with E20. Ignition-delay of the blends was longer than diesel, and the cetane number of the blends were lower than diesel. Brake Specific Energy Consumption (bsec) is slightly higher than diesel.

Abstract: The article presents the research aimed at improving the efficiency of the diesel engines running. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing systems of the starter starting systems of diesel locomotives are considered. Brainstorming ideas on the issue of the calculation and selection of the alternative circuitry power circuit pulse converter starting system of diesel engines are described in the paper. An example of calculating the regulating characteristics of the pulse converter and the efficiency of the proposed circuit design is reported.