Papers by Keyword: Diesel Generator

Abstract: Coffee grounds are an abundant biomass rarely used and often thrown away for nothing. On the other hand, pyrolysis is an alternative technology for utilizing biomass such as coffee grounds into biochar, syngas, and bio-oil. The bio-oil resulting from pyrolysis can then be mixed with dexlite in a 1:1 ratio, which is then called B50. This paper aims to analyze the performance of a Diesel generator driven by a motor fueled by Dexlite (a Diesel fuel variant that has a minimum CN of 51 and contains a maximum of 1200 ppm sulfur) and a mixture of bio-oil resulting from the pyrolysis of coffee grounds at a temperature of 500 °C with Dexlite (B50), with variations in load power of 300 Watt, 1100 Watt, and 1300 Watt. Generator set performance analysis includes effective power, torque, specific fuel consumption, generator efficiency, and exhaust emissions. At a load of 1300 W with a rotation of 1600 rpm, the maximum effective power obtained is the same, whether the generator is fueled with dexlite or B50, around 1,440 kW. The maximum torque value for dexlite and B50 fuel is 8.6 Nm. The maximum specific fuel consumption (SFC) for dexlite fuel at a load of 300 W at 1600 rpm is 645.25 g/kWh. The maximum air and fuel ratio (AFR) is on the B50 with a load of 300 W at 2000 rpm, which is 1:47. The maximum thermal efficiency is at the B50 at 1600 rpm, around 66.6%. The maximum generator efficiency is 48% with dexlite fuel and B50. Regarding exhaust gas analysis, the maximum CO exhaust emission level is 475 PPM on dexlite. In contrast, the maximum H₂S level is 347 PPM on Dexlite, whereas the maximum O₂ concentration is 20.6% when the generator operates on B50. The analysis found that the performance of diesel generator engines with B50 fuel was better than pure Dexlite.

Abstract: Stand-alone PV system has been originally developed to feed solar energy produced by PV modules into the system by using solar charger controller at DC bus called “DC Coupling” for long time. In Late 1990 there is a new concept of feeding solar energy to the PV system at AC bus called “AC Coupling”. The AC coupling system uses grid connected inverter to convert energy produced by PV modules and synchronize output to AC distribution line. In mini grid system the common AC output of Bi-directional inverters or diesel generators performs as grid forming device to supply distribution line. Since 1990 there are stand-alone PV systems designed by using DC coupling or AC coupling which each type of PV coupling system highlight their advantage over the other. The work in this document presents a comparison of the efficiency of DC coupling and AC coupling PV system design in a hybrid mini-grid and finally proposes the alternative PV system design by using the “Dual DC and AC coupling” PV system in a hybrid mini-grid design. The HOMER Pro micro-grid analysis tool which can simulate DC and AC coupling PV system is used to compare leverage cost of energy (LCOE) of different type of PV hybrid mini-grid system. The simulation software which can do performance analyzing metric according to IEC 61724 and IEA-PVPS T2 is created in this study in order to simulate system operation and performance using DC, AC and dual DC and AC coupling PV system. The conclusion can clearly identify the best PV system in hybrid mini-grid in terms of LCOE and system performance.

Abstract: This paper deals with the importance and need of using solar photovoltaic (PV) system as a stand-alone system instead of diesel generators for electrical energy supply of a communication tower owned by Celcom (Malaysia) Berhad at G0422 Batu 18, Ulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. It can be considered as a commercial renewable energy application in Malaysia, addressing the potential and possibility of adopting solar energy resources, particularly for sectors with high energy consumption. The electric power generation system, which consists of solar PV system hybrid with diesel generator, has the ability to provide 24 hours electricity to the load. To optimize the system design, this work compares a wide range of equipment with different constraints and sensitivities. The Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) was utilized for designing the system in the early phases of planning and decision making in rural electrification projects due to its flexibility. The analysis is based on the technical properties and life cycle cost (LCC) of the system. The initial capital cost, cost of installation and operation costs over the system’s life span is comprised in the LCC. This system offers a better reliability, efficiency, flexibility of planning and environmental benefits compared to the diesel generators systems by saving the environment from the burning of fossil fuels. The proposed system is able to supply 3.5kW of power which is suitable for actual site loading requirement of around 3kW. The economic output from HOMER exhibits that the tower without diesel generator, total net present cost is RM 610,639, the highest compared with a tower with diesel generator; RM 421,244.

Abstract: In this paper a method of optimization of the quantity of diesel power generating units according to the schedule of electric loads based on the undersupply expectation and the power supply interruption, emergency and planned stops of diesel generators is proposed.

Abstract: This paper proposes the possibility of using the diesel generator with renewable energy sources (RES) and compares the cost of energy of isolated pv-wind-diesel-battery-converter hybrid system with a stand-alone diesel generator for a rural region in Egypt. The isolated system is also evaluated to find out the quantity of air pollution. The system has to supply a load with an average value of 48 kW and a peak value of 71 kW. HOMER software is used to carry out the cost of energy (COE), net present cost (NPC) and environmental emissions (Kg/yr) calculations of optimization model. The simulation results show that the proposed hybrid system is very economical and environment friendly. The COE for the isolated hybrid power system is found to be 0.139 $/kWh which is more than half of the stand alone diesel generator system.

Abstract: Based on a mathematic model of diesel generator mechanical centrifugal governor and the traditional PID control and fuzzy control, a fuzzy PID controller is designed so as to accomplish the self-adjustment of diesel generator mechanical governor parameters. The fuzzy PID controlling diesel generator mechanical governing system is simulated by Simulink and the simulation results suggest that the fuzzy self-adjusting PID control owns the merits of well dynamic property, strong robustness and better adaptability compared to the traditional PID control. Therefore, the performance of diesel generator rotate speed governing system is largely advanced.

Abstract: Data center presented in this paper, has a high requirement on the power supply system, that needs emergency power supply, SVG compensation device, large diesel generator set, two lines of mains large capacity UPS and other electric equipments. And there are some differences between data center and conventional power system in many aspects,such as in the nature, quantity, the load requirements, the related electrical equipment configuration, load, power supply mode, connection,and so on.

Abstract: This paper designs and discusses black-start scheme based on a gas-steam combined cycle power plant (CCPP) in Tianjin power grid of China. First, considering the structure characteristics and station service power connection mode of the gas-steam unit, the diesel generator is chosen as fast self-starting unit. Also two self-starting schemes of direct starting and variable frequency starting are designed. Second, the technical feasibility of two schemes is determined through first loading capability test and bus voltage level test. After investment estimation comparison, the scheme II is chosen as recommended scheme. The research process proposed in this paper has certain reference significance to power grid black-start.

Abstract: In the article assumptions of the developed non-invasive method of evaluation technical condition of selected structural elements of the ship's diesel-electric set at limited monitoring susceptibility, when the engine is not equipped with indicator valves, are discussed. The method is based on simultaneous measurements of phase-to-phase voltage of the synchronous generator, exhaust gas pressures in the exhaust manifold, and vibration accelerations of some parts of the set. To the purpose of the accomplishment all measurements of energetic parameters at the same time, it turned out to be necessary to design and construct the measured quantity converter. In the paper requirements in relation to such a converter, technical project, and representative results of measurements conducted on a real object – diesel-electric set type ZE400/52 – are presented.

Abstract: When the isolated grid is influenced by disturbance，the power response characteristics of power supplies have an important impact on the operating characteristic of the isolated grid. Ali grid with non-energy storage PV power station was studied and simulated with PSASP software in this paper. The result shows that it is important to make sure the diesel generators participate in primary frequency regulation of the grid to enhance the system stability, especially in the case of PV power output disturbances.