Papers by Keyword: Differentiation

Abstract: Tendon repair remains a formidable challenge in clinic, due to its limited function in long-term recovery. Decellularized native tendon extracellular matrix (ECM), which contains specific bioactive factors and a large number of collagen fibers, seeded with bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) has been found to promote tendon neogenesis. However, the effect of arrangements of natural collagen fibers on the differentiation of BMSCs remains unclear. Here, we prepared aligned collagen fiber scaffolds from rat tail tendon ECM to investigate the effect of collagen arrangements on the morphology, proliferation and differentiation of rat BMSCs in vitro. It was found that BMSCs were elongated and aligned along the collagen fibers on the aligned collagen fibers. Furthermore, the aligned collagen scaffolds significantly enhanced the expression of tenocyte markers TNMD and THBS4. The results indicated that aligned collagen scaffolds could induce the tenogenesis of BMSCs, which would provide an alternative approach for tendon tissue engineering.

Abstract: With the development of automation and communication technology, measurement information is widely used in various industrial, agricultural, commercial, and other living. At present, the problems exist in the accuracy and time synchronization of the measurement information. That brings the difficulty for data analysis and decision making. This paper starts from the existing measurement information, in-depth analyses the root cause, puts forward the measurement information of differential method, the effect of practical application in electric power system by measuring the differential method of information So as to determine the role of differential measurement method of information and promotion value, provide strong support for the rapid development of automation information technology.

Abstract: Assemblage thinking is process-based thinking. Understanding cities from this perspective therefore implies searching for processes that are assembling the city and that keeps it alive. Because of this approach, we don't need to ask: „what the city is“ but either: „how did cities emerge“ or: „how is their existence maintained“ The paper argues that the perspective, from which we see cities, matters, because it either highlights or hides something. We will argue, that the result of an object-based thinking about cities, that stems from modern order of the world, is a very finite and constricted notion of a city, that in effect precludes any alternatives. But by overcoming the obsolete notions of objects, objectivity and subjects by notions of assemblage, perspectivity and chaining, the new world order may eventually emerge and resolve also the mounting enviromental and social problems. We understand city as a specific kind of creature that, through imposition of limits, has helped the human society to differentiate and become global. But now is the time to limit the city, acknowledge planetary boundaries and this way force the global society to develop itself so it can adapt to the challenges of the Anthropocene.

Abstract: The Chinese Planner encounter the rapid proceeding of urbanization with both the opportunities and challenges. To some extent, some of the planning documentary do fulfill the needs of the local construction and the government controlling, but the most of the others came out to be the copies of the western theories blindly, or the manipulator of the stylish concepts by the producers. Confront the pressure of the construction at a high level of velocity for about three decades, we have to choice of self-possession, in re-thinking of the foundation of the planning logics, and in rethinking of the innate characters of planning design. The author brings about the epistemological foundation of urban planning logics: the diversity with differentiation, in order to examine intrinsic needs of urban planning design jobs.

Abstract: The rapid proceeding of urbanization in China, brings about the urban planners both of the opportunities and the challenges. Many planning works copied the western theories blindly, or manipulated with the concepts stylishly. All of these blueprinting makers are still indulging in their self-delusion. These planning works could not confront the equity appeals of society groups, while the construction at a high level of velocity. We have no choice but self-possession, re-think the foundation of the logics of planning, and the innate characters of planning design jobs. The authors brings forward the epistemological foundation of urban planning logics: the Planning Justice and the Planning Impartial in discussion, aiming at rectifying the mis-direction wrongs of planning design.

Abstract: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to differentiate and identify Shigella sonnei and Escherichia coli O157: H7. FTIR absorption spectra from 4000-600 cm^-1 were collected from sampling 10 μL of bacterial suspention. The spectra between 1800 and 900 cm^-1 highlighted the most distinctive variations and were the most useful for characterizing the selected microorganisms. Spectra of the two bacteria were noticeably segregated with distinct clustering by principal component analysis (PCA). Further more, another cluster model of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was established and could also gave a good separation between the two bacteria. These results demonstrate that FTIR technology has considerable potential as a rapid, accurate and simple method for differentiating and identifying bacteria.

Abstract: As the urbanization of cities is rapidly developing in China, metropolitan regions establish the clustered power network planning scheme on the background of the clustered city planning of the adjacent areas. Base on the functional orientation and difference of clusters, as well as the theory of hierarchical clustered city planning, the article puts forward the power network planning thoughts and methods. As cluster becomes a planning unit, the load density method is applied in the differential load forecast and the location of substations as well as the path of transmission lines is selected with the thoughts of separation according to different layers and areas. And then, the results will be compared and verified with the planning scheme of the other clustered cities which have the similar function orientation and planning strategy. Finally, the planning methods will be standardized. The application in the power network of Cluster of Livable Education City in Zhengzhou has proved that the methods and steps of the power planning method proposed is able to meet the demand of the network development under the situation of the rapid growth of load.

Abstract: Based on the field measured results in the typical periods of flood season and dry season of Gucheng Lake, the present eutrophication levels of the lake were investigated by the Model of Butterfly Catastrophe, in which series of the environmental factors were considered including the ecological indicator of chlorophylla, the nutrient indicator of total nitrogen and total phosphorus, and the physical index of water transparency. The results showed that: the water eutrophication levels of Gucheng Lake were mal-distributed in space and time; the lake eutrophication tendency in flood seasons were more obvious than that in dry seasons; the eutrophication levels in the south part of the lake were relatively lower than that in the north and the average comprehensive mutation of fuzzy membership value in the south was about 0.3006 in the dry seasons. Due to the increased pollution load and the hydrodynamic conditions, the eutrophication degree in the estuary areas were higher and the fuzzy membership value was close to 0.235, achieving the medium eutrophication level.

Abstract: The paper first summarizes the evolution of the differentiation and synthesizing of bone injury discipline and mechanics and then, with the application of material mechanics, mechanical vibration and dynamics in bone injury discipline, comes to the conclusion that differentiation is the prerequisite for disciplinary development and synthesizing is the inevitable trend or result of disciplinary development.

Abstract: We have successfully developed porous apatite-fiber scaffolds (AFSs) which have three-dimensional (3D) inter-connected pores; subsequently, we have clarified that the AFSs have an excellent bioactivity on the basis of both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. In addition, we have reconstructed the tissue-engineered bone with 3D structure through 3D-cell culture of mesenchymal stem cells derived from rat bone marrow (RBMC) using the AFS settled into the radial-flow bioreactor (RFB), and examined effect of flow rate of medium in the RFB on the differentiation of osteoblasts in tissue-engineered bone. Aim in the present work is to establish of the optimal conditions of flow rate in this construction method of 3D tissue-engineered bone. The flow rates were set to 0.4, 1.3, 6.3, 11.5 and 16.5 cm³min^-1; tissue-engineered bones cultured by the individual flow rates are defined as bones#1~#5. The level of differentiation of osteoblasts in all the bones#1~#5 was examined by determining the content of two kinds of differentiation maker into osteoblast, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for initial/middle stage and osteocalcin (OC) for late stage. The ALP activity normalized for DNA content of bone#3 showed the highest value among all of them. Moreover, the OC amount normalized for DNA content of bone#3 also indicated the highest among all the examined samples. These results demonstarate that the flow rate of 6.3 cm³min^-1 may promote the differentiation into osteoblast. In conclusion, we determined that this flow rate was the optimal conditions for the bone regeneratrion in RFB.