Papers by Keyword: Dimensions

Abstract: The results of a study of the influence of shapes of samples, as well as the presence of internal cavities and their shapes, on the nature of wave strain hardening (WSH) are presented. The peculiarity of the method lies in the impact of a stream of pulses on the processed material, while instant wave states, which affect the microhardness maps in the workpiece are formed in the material. These studies were carried out for the first time on a specially designed stand. The studied grades of materials were: steel 45 and bronze BRAZH 9-4. As a result of the studies performed, the geometric shape of the samples and cavities in them was revealed, which contribute to an increase in microhardness.

Abstract: This article explained the tolerance analysis method in the micro-manufacture area on the keychain cranioplasty plate product dimensions. This research aimed to compare the simulations of keychain cranioplasty plate product dimensions using the ISO 286 tolerance standard. The manufacturing process to produce the keychain cranioplasty plate used the blanking process. The dimensions analysis aimed to observe the effect of punching speed and tool punch material on the product’s quality. The ISO 286 tolerance on blanking product used IT Grade of 10 for the punching process. The keychain cranioplasty plate dimensions from the blanking process simulation had an excellent quality if the sizes were close to the actual product’s dimensions. The keychain cranioplasty plate product had to have a high precision level between 10–100 μm so that the medical field could use it.

Abstract: Additive Manufacturing (AM) does not yet have a standardized way to measure performance. Here a AM machines dimensional accuracy is measured trough acceptance test (AT) and AM machines capability is tested trough test parts. Test parts are created with specific geometrical features using a 3D AM machine. Performance of the machine is then evaluated trough accuracy of test parts geometry. AM machine here uses selective laser melting (SLM) process. This machine has done Factory acceptance test (FAT) to ascertain this machine ́s geometrical accuracy with material AISI 316L. Manufacturer promises accuracy of ±0.05 mm. These parts are used as comparison to AT parts made in this study. After installation two AT parts are manufactured with AM machine. One with AISI 316L and one AlSi10Mg. Dimensional accuracy of geometrical features on these parts are then compared to FAT part and to one another. Machines capability is measured trough two test parts done with material AlSi10Mg. Two of the test parts are done at the same time using same model as the FAT. Parts are printed without supports and with features facing same directions. Features of these parts were then evaluated. Another test to find out AM machines capability was to create part consisting of pipes doing 90˚ angle resulting in horizontal and vertical holes. Dimensional accuracy and circularity of holes was measured. Through these tests machines capability is benchmarked.

Abstract: A method is described to determine geometrical dimensions of electrode metal droplets depending on short circuit duration. It provides a quantitative evaluation of the electrode metal transfer and the energy impact on metal parts being welded. It is proved that using inverter power source decreases the size of droplets transferred to the welding pool by 24% in average if compared with a diode power source. It also reduces overheating of the droplets which improves efficiency of transferring chemical elements from the electrode to the weld metal.

Abstract: IMAQ Vision includes a set of optimized functions for image processing (filtering and geometric transformations) and analysis of different areas of interest (perimeter, area, orientation, height, length and width). Also with this program, it may determine the edges of objects, distances and angles between the edges, an object can be searched based on its shape. Particle analysis provides the ability to count objects within the pharmaceutical or biological applications. Image calibration is done to give the user instead of the unit pixel measurements, in units such as millimeters, inches, microns. This paper aims to examine the pharmaceutical powder containing ketoprofen in order to determine the quality of the particles and if this are optimal for pharmaceutical applications. It aims to detect surface defects in the deposited layer such as cracks or clusters of particles that cause surface irregularity. IMAQ Vision by processing images, increase productivity, versatility and reproducibility also reducing manufacturing costs.

Abstract: In manufacturing system, 3D Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMM) are widely used for inspection services where the product should be subjected to the verification of design specifications. It is usually necessary to know the accuracy of 3D CMM equipment during the verification process of the product quality in mass production. To insure and increase the accuracy of 3D CMM the international series standards ISO 10360 are used. This paper presents the importance of the establishment of traceability to international standards as a key role for the reliability of 3D CMM measurement results.

Abstract: To provide the basis in the psychological selection, training and competition for Chinese speed skaters. Take the speed skater of china as objective research, and make use of the CCTAI-C meter to test cognitive trait anxiety of 48 speed skaters. The article studies character of speed skater in different dimensions of anxious, and the relation of the different movement ranks, gender, competitive experience and training ages with cognitive trait anxiety. The result shows that the different movement ranks, different gender, different training years of the speed skater have significant difference respectively in the anxiety of social evaluation, the anxiety of athletics displaying level, the anxiety of preparing competition, and the anxiety of sports injury; The different competitive experience does not have the significance difference in each anxious dimension.

Abstract: Friction surfacing is a novel technology to build corrosion and wear resistant coatings and build functionally graded metallic layers. In this work, the coating dimensions as affected by process parameters and high temperature strength of consumable rods have been compared. Friction stir welding equipment, RM-1 model procured from MTI was used. Carbon steel, austenitic stainless steel and Ni-based alloy coatings were deposited. Following process parameter ranges were used: rotational speed: 1000-2000 RPM, feed rate: 50-150 mm/min and axial load: 3-12 kN. Results showed that the coating width and thickness decreased with a) increased magnitude of the process parameters used and b) increased high temperature strength of the consumable rod.

Abstract: Science and technology have contributed since the Second World War to the economic development without considering adequately different social classes. The intensive Research and Development (R&D) activities in the rapidly growing areas of Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) such as new high resistance cements, steel, petrochemical derived materials, among others have not given the opportunity to less developed nations to cut the vicious circle which maintained them technologically dependent on industrialized countries. Also, the results of many successfully realized R&D projects concerned with Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies (NOCMAT) in developing countries including Brazil have not been used in large scale in practice. This is due to the lack of evaluation criteria from planning to project implementation by governmental agencies, private organizations and educational institutions concerned with the newly developed sustainable materials and technologies. The problems of evaluating R&D innovation outputs and impacts for civil construction are complex and need scientific and systematic studies in order to avoid the social and environmental mistakes occurred in industrialized countries. This paper presents four relevant dimensions and its pertinent indicators for NOCMAT projects evaluation concerned with materials, structural elements and technologies of bamboo, soil and composites reinforced with vegetable fibers. Specifically, 1) Political, Strategic and Normative; 2) Organizational; 3) Allocation and Management of Resources; and 4) Technical, Scientific and Economic evaluation dimensions are considered and discussed.

Abstract: Drug-release systems are studied lately for increasing absorption in the body and improve the therapeutic effectiveness is key objective. Whatever form it may take a drug release system: tablet, implant, injectable suspension or transdermal system, the basic unit on which effective therapeutic drug particle. Knowledge of particle size distribution in a disperse system is of great importance in pharmaceutical technology. The size, surface area and volume-surface particle may be relevant to the physical, chemical and pharmacological drug toxicities. Stability and speed of dissolution of ketoprofen are much reduced in pure and coupled with a solubility promoter, enhances the bioavailability and particle size distribution depends. In order to improve absorption properties of ketoprofen were synthesized drug microparticles containing ketoprofen and hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin. Drug microparticles were studied by SEM microscopy and the results correlated with solubility properties. It was found that microparticles obtained are more easily soluble than pure ketoprofen and small size increases bioavailability.