Papers by Keyword: EDX

Abstract: The long-term performance of dental implants relies on material stability and sustained osseointegration. This study analyzed titanium implant after six years of clinical function and compared it with unused implants to assess surface integrity. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to evaluate morphology and elemental composition, while surface roughness was measured to detect changes. SEM showed direct bone attachment, and EDX confirmed calcium, phosphorus, sodium, oxygen, and carbon associated with osseointegration. Roughness values increased slightly due to adherent bone tissue, but no evidence of surface wear or degradation was observed. These results demonstrate that titanium maintains chemical stability, biocompatibility, and reliability for long-term dental implant applications.

Abstract: The efficiency, precision, and expected lifespan of mechanisms and machine components (such as ball bearings, couplings, and gauges) are significantly influenced by the quality of the materials used. Thus, it is essential to select materials that offer well-defined hardness and stability throughout the product's lifetime. This paper examines the heat treatment applied to 100Cr6 steel to achieve precise hardness in the range of 230–390 HV10, while also meeting requirements for stability and uniformity over the product's lifespan.

Abstract: The development of variety printing methods and compatible conductive inks is to support the emerging high demand production of printed electronic devices. Conductive ink is used to create conductive paths as interconnecting tracks for the printed electronic devices. The method of integrating various conductive materials using thermoplastic viscous paste was introduced in order to enhance the ability of conductive ink to conducts electricity. Carbon nanomaterial’s offer many opportunities in the conductive ink application especially for printed and flexible electronics. This study aims to produce highly functional conductive ink using graphene nanoparticles (GNP) with Bisphenol-A (BPA) resins as a binder by investigate the mechanical properties and characterization of graphene nanoparticles conductive ink at of different patterns. The effect of nano-indentation, for straight line shape, curve shape, square shape and zigzag shape circuit printed on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) substrate were observed. The hardness and elastic modulus for the formulated graphene nanoparticles conductive ink shows that square patterns displayed a better mechanical properties compared to the other patterns. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) finding also show that square pattern has a uniform distribution of (GNP) filler and lowest amount of atomic weight with fine granular particle indicating of lower resistance value which can contribute to have higher conductivity property. Overall obtained results showed that a square pattern produced good performance in term of mechanical properties that can enhance the conductivity of the conductive ink.

Abstract: The adhesion between the carbon fibre reinforced copper matrix composite material and the coating is of particular importance for the mechanical and functional properties of the resulting system, and also for its handling and for the lifetime of the final product. To have a better understanding of the microstructure at the interface region, three different coating processes, i.e. electroplated Nickel coating, alkyd resin coating and polyolefin coating have been carried out and compared using SEM/EDX techniques. The experimental results indicate that the electroplated Nickel coating gives the best adhesion strength at the interface, suggesting this method the most promising approach and can be further investigated for electrical and electronic engineering applications in power industry.

Abstract: The current paper deals about the fabrication of composite material is to combine the desirable attributes of metals and ceramics. Aluminium 6063 used as a base material in combination with the Silicon carbide ,Boron carbide and fly-ash were used as reinforcement material. Our intention is to increased or enhanced properties of pure Aluminium 6063 by addition of Silicon Carbide ,Boron Carbide and fly-ash. The process of fabrication composite material is prepared by using stir casting method. In this paper, addition of Silicon Carbide 1% , Boron Carbide 1% and fly-ash1% with aluminium increasing percentage ratio the mechanical properties of composite material is enhanced, so it is clear that the effect of Silicon Carbide , Boron Carbide and fly-ash were helpful to increasing properties of pure Aluminium by addition. The influence of reinforced ratio of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash particles on mechanical behavior was examined. The effect of different weight percentage of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash in composite on tensile strength, hardness, microstructure was studied. It was observed that the hardness & tensile strength of the composites increased with increasing reinforcement elements addition in it. The distribution of silicon carbide, Boron carbide and fly-ash particles was uniform in aluminum.

Abstract: The present study aims to determine and calculate the concentration of some heavy elements (Pb, Hg, Cu, Ni, Fe, Cr, Co and Cd) in addition to the elements (Mg, Na, Ca, CL, K, C, S and SI), which are Possible sources of soil pollution in downtown (Baquba, Canaan, Muhammad Sakran, and Al-Mamal area), Diyala Governorate in Iraq. To achieve this goal, 5 samples of Diyala soil were collected. Soil samples included areas (industrial, residential, agricultural) with an average sample rate for each region with a depth (0-10 cm). After collecting the samples, they were sorted and compressed to prepare them for measurement by dispersive spectroscopy of X-ray energy (EDX) After obtaining the results, they are compared with the global determinants (WHO), and through these results we find that most of the heavy elements of the areas studied are recorded a significant rise for the element (pb), while the rise of (Cd) was recorded in the regions of Baquba and the Al-mameail region area also recorded an increase ( Cr) in the Canaan region, as well as the rise of some elements in the study area because they are residential and industrial areas and the use of fuels will be significant, while others found the lowest concentrations in agricultural areas with good vegetation knowing (Fe) was the lowest concentration in the study area.

Abstract: CuO microparticle was syntheszied by hydrothermal method. The starting precursors were used as copper (II) nitrate trihydrate (Cu (NO₃)₂·3H₂O), nitric acid (HNO₃) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The final pH value of the mixed solution was used 2M NaOH to adjust the pH was 8 and treated at 100-200 oC for 4-6 h in a hydrothermal vessel. The black fine powder was obtained after dried at 100 oC for 5 h. The phase and structure of CuO microparticle were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A single phase monoclinic structure synthezied by hydrothermal method at 200 oC for 4 and 6 h was obtained without calcination steps. The morphology CuO microparticle was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was likely grain in shape and the particle size in range of 2.94-4.06 μm. The element composition of CuO microparticle was indicated by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX). The chemical compositions showed the characteristic X-ray energy of copper (Kα = 0.98 keV) and oxygen (Kα = 0.53 keV), respectively. The functional group of CuO microparticle was indentified by Fourier transform spectrophotometry (FTIR). The wavenumber at 690, 514 and 437 cm^-1 was corresponded to vibration of Cu-O stretching.

Abstract: Magnesium Phthalocyanine (MgPc) was deposited on a glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using Q-Switching Nd: YAG laser with wavelength 1064(nm), (6Hz) Repetition rate, in addition to different laser energies (200,300,400 and 500 mJ) at room temperature under vacuum condition with (10^-3torr). All films were annealed at (298K) for 1hour to attain crystallinity. X-ray diffraction of MgPc powder indicated the fact that MgPc crystallizes in polycrystalline with a monoclinic structure While comparing the MgPc of films, it’s found the intensity of characteristic peak is high as the number and energy of laser pulses increase and the crystallize is monoclinic form is observed in β-form. Miller indices, hkl, values for every one of the diffraction peaks in the spectrum of the XRD have been computed. The characteristic peak of Phthalocyanine (MgPc) is found at 2θ value 6.9137o with the hkl value of {100} for both MgPc powder and deposited thin film. The surface morphology of the films showed more uniform sized grains. EDX and FESEM analysis has shown that there has been an enhancement in the crystallinity and surface morphology as a result of the increase of laser energies and for finding the optimum parameters for which film provides more efficient structural characteristics.

Abstract: A set of n-type porous silicon (PS) layers were fabricated by photoelectrochemical etching using direct current (DC) and pulse current (PC) techniques. The study aims to compare the effect of different resistivity (5 Ω and 10 Ω) on the formation of the PS structure. The samples were etched in a solution of HF:C₂H₆O with a composition ratio of 1:4. The etching process were done for 30 minutes with the current density of J = 10 mA/cm². In the time of PC etching process, the current was supplied through a pulse generator with 14 ms cycle time (T) which the on time (T_on) set to 10 ms and pause time (T_off) set to 4 ms respectively. The samples were then being characterized in terms of surface morphology by using FESEM, AFM and XRD. Through the FESEM results, it can be seen that sample with 10 Ω resistivity which using PC form a more homogeneous structure of pores as compared to other samples.

Abstract: Multifunctional fibrous systems were developed within this research work, giving special importance to the electrical conductivity and antibacterial activity. The functionalization of several natural fibres (jute, sisal, coir, flax and cotton) with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) was successfully achieved using a sustainable and eco-friendly method, namely polyethylene glycol (PEG) reduction. FESEM images, GSDR and ATR-FTIR analysis show that the Ag NPs were incorporated onto the fibres surface. The resistivity values obtained by analysing the fabrics without functionalization was about 1.5x10⁷ Ω.m while with the Ag NPs functionalization the resistivity values decreased almost 15000 times, to 1.0x 10³ Ω.m. Jute fibres’ antibacterial efficiency was also studied using the fibres with incorporated nanoparticles. Jute/Ag NPs showed some activity against E. Coli and S. Aureus. Polylactic acid (PLA) was used to develop flexible biodegradable composites with the functionalized jute. The compatibilization of the jute with PLA was successful and the characterization of the final composites was performed by GSDR, ATR-FTIR and TGA.