Papers by Keyword: Electrical Loss

Abstract: Elaborated characterization tools play an important role for the further improvement of solar material and the development of solar cells. Besides the huge variety of highly advanced methods mainly based on optical and electrical measurements, the direct measurement of surface currents by the detection of their induced magnetic fields has gained less attention. The novel method current-analysis-by-inductive-coils (CAIC) based on an inductive coil detector and is reviewed and compared with already established methods, which are light-beam-induced-current (LBIC) and dark-lock-in-thermography (LIT). The detector reveals complementary information at high resolution. The LIT measurements depicted shunting defects in forward and reverse current. Because of the high spatial resolution of the CAIC measurement technique it was determinable that in some cases the positions of current sinks in the CAIC maps are not corresponding with the microstructure. The analyses of the superpositions reveals macroscopic precipitates like SiC and Si₃N₄ filaments and clusters as an origin of some of the shunts.

Abstract: Plastic working technologies are frequently applied nowadays, as parts can be produced with larger productivity and smaller material loss compared to other technologies, at the same time the mechanical properties of parts are more favorable. Usually large tensile, pressure, bending or torsional forces, torques are required during plastic working. While pneumatic, hydraulic or electric energy is required to generate these. Used energy is determined by the losses of the energy required for working and that of energy conversion. The losses of working equipment are determined by mechanical losses and the losses of the energy converters applied, as well as by the manufacturing algorithm operating the working equipment. The advantage of electric driven working equipment over pneumatic and hydraulic driven ones is the better efficiency of energy converters, as well as the lower price of electric power. The disadvantage of electric converters is the large dimensions compared to hydraulic or pneumatic systems. Due to the development of electric servo drives the pneumatic and hydraulic drives are to be changed to electric drives in working equipment improving their control and accuracy features besides efficiency. In this paper the loss decreasing possibility of the working equipment with electric servo is investigated.