Papers by Keyword: Electrode

Abstract: The article considers the combined processing methods used in the rocket and space technology products manufacture. The technology of obtaining holes in the nozzles of the liquid rocket engine mixing head is presented. The relevance and necessity of using high-tech technologies in the special equipment parts and assembly units manufacture is justified. The ways of ensuring the process stability and technological parameters increasing are shown, which made it possible to expand the application area of dimensional combined processing using the electrode as a tool. The results obtained allow us to expand the production technological capabilities, as well as to improve the technical special equipment products characteristics in mechanical engineering.

Abstract: Among all the solar cell system dye sensitized solar cell is the third-generation solar cell that contains working electrode coating with semiconducting material, dye sensitizer, counter electrode and the efficiency of dye sensitized solar cell is reliant on the material which is absorbing light and converting it as energy. In this respect, dye sensitizer is the most substantial component in dye sensitized solar cell. Though organic and natural dye has been used in solar cell but due to the deleterious effect of organic dye, its application has been suppressed by the natural dye which is environment friendly and accessible. Ample of natural dyes has been applied in solar cell as sensitizer, while their way of application is different especially in case of dye extraction process. In this theoretical analysis, various research work related to dye sensitized solar has been included and explained the working principle of dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), also summarized the extraction process of natural dye from different along with their photovoltaic parameters of various natural dye sensitized solar cell. Moreover, this study also compares the performance of natural dye sensitized solar cell according to presence of chromophore group in natural pigment.

Abstract: Formation of nanostructure states on the surface of materials exposed to concentrated flows of energy is one of the relevant problems of modern materials processing. In the paper the authors describe the mechanism of the micro-scale droplets formation based on the study and modeling of the physical processes and technological aspects of the interaction between the heterogenic plasma flows and the molten substance at the electrode tip. The authors show new physical mechanisms and criteria for micro-and nanoparticles origination, develop a physical-mathematical model of the interaction between the molten metal and the plasma discharge with imposed high-frequency pulse action.

Abstract: Ultracapacitor is a new electrical energy storage device which has high power density than conventional battery and capacitor. It offers high capacitance in small volume compared to conventional capacitors. While selecting ultracapacitors for various applications, parameters like specific resistance, internal capacitance, pulse current, energy density are required to be considered. Amongst these factors, specific capacitance of ultracapacitor depends mainly on parameters of electrode. The present paper is focused on modeling of ultracapacitor based on variations in some of the electrode parameters. The objective of present research work is to apply a statistical method to obtain an electrode material based model for prismatic type ultracapacitor. To have deep insight about the performance through modeling approach, the number of trials have been taken by doing the variations in the electrode materials of ultracapacitor and the quantity of the electrode material loaded on the current collector. The effect of both these variations is studied over the specific capacitance, which is taken as output parameter of model. Developed model is validated at selected values of input parameters.

Abstract: The aim of this research was to study the feasibility for applications related to powder metallurgy in EDM electrode fabrication by combination of the percentage Cu-C-Ni element. The experiment was performed by comparing preliminary distribution results of particle size before and after the grinding of metal powders. The work-piece was pressed at a pressure of 200 Psi using a uniaxial press machine. The pressed green compact work-piece was then baked in a furnace. The gas inside the furnace that was used to control the temperature during the cold press procedure had a mixture gas ratio between argon and hydrogen of 95:5 (common grade) at 1030 ^oC and a soaking time of one hour. The results were examined by comparing the electric resistivity property, apparent density, bulk density as well as the porosity percentage inside the work piece material. The results revealed that the optimum combination of percentage Cu-C-Ni element was Cu92-C3-Ni5 (%wt), leading to the satisfactory Copper distribution in most of the structure. The size of sub sieve powder after grinding was found to be 22-31 micron with an electric resistivity of 1.45829E-05 k-ohm*cm. The minimum porosity percentage was found to be 2.19 %. Therefore, the element properties were found to be suitable for using as an electrode in EDM work when compared to that of the electrode prototype (EDM C3).

Abstract: Results of the design analysis carried out using computer software are presented for boundary data complying with the currently operating state-of-the-art arc steel furnace. Flow of natural gas combustion products and oxygen are reviewed for the radial and tangential burner arrangement in the working space between the wall and the electrodes. Location of high temperature fields is determined and the expected heat transfer to the charge materials through the active surface participating in heat exchange is evaluated. Precipitation degree is determined for the dust participating in scull generation on a wall water-cooled surface and significant reduction of dust effect on electrodes.

Abstract: Rice straw waste in Indonesia is abundant and not yet used optimally. The composition of rice straw is 40% cellulose, 30% hemicellulose, 15% silica and 15% lignin so it is potentially to be a raw material of active carbon and supercapasitor electrode. Many efforts has been done to increase the value of capacitance of electrode like increase the surface area with activation and milling process. In this research used the variation of activator substance and the variation of milling velocity, they are H₃PO₄ 450 rpm, H₃PO₄ 600 rpm, and KOH 450 rpm. The purposes of this research are identify and characterize the rice straw charcoal material as nanocarbon and also knowing the nanocarbon quality of rice straw charcoal material as supercapacitor electrode. The methods are carbonization, activation, and solid state reaction. The result of this research shows the value of capacitance at H₃PO₄ 450 rpm, H₃PO₄ 600 rpm, and KOH 450 rpm are 28,96 F/g; 30,89 F/g; dan 19,31 F/g. From this research, we can conclude that activator substance and milling velocity affect the value of capacitance that is produced. The result of SEM-EDX test is comparable with the result of cyclic voltammetry test, the higher number of pores the higher value of capacitances produced.

Abstract: Carbon dots (CDs) are novel carbon-based nanomaterials with attractive optical and electronic properties and have become a focal point for tailoring electrochemical performances of energy storage devices. In this work, a pyrolysis method was developed for producing carbon dots from durian peel waste. The carbon dots exhibited blue fluorescence with a quantum yield of 11% and an average size of about 10 nm. Carbon dot-reinforced activated carbon (AC) was used to construct a composite electrode using poly (vinylidene fluoride) as a binder. From cyclic voltamogram, AC/CD composite electrode exhibited a 1.4 fold increase in the specific capacitance (about 60 F g^-1), compared to that of the pure AC electrode (43 F g^-1). This capacitance improvement is possibly due to the introduction of high surface-area carbon dots and pseudocapacitive behaviors offered by surface functional groups of carbon dots. These results indicate that carbon dots are effective dopants for improving the electrode properties and subsequently the supercapacitor performances. Converting durian peel waste into functional nanomaterials is also attractive from the various perspectives, offering a strategy that can be potentially applied for many other biomasses.

Abstract: The butt joint of dissimilar AISI304/AISI1015 steels was produced by a Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) with 3 types of the covered electrodes and the welding current of 80-120 A. The investigation of joint properties for the impact strength, the hardness, and the microstructure, was performed. The SMAW butt joint that was welded by the E312 covered electrode and 100A welding current showed the highest impact strength of 112 J. The chromium was the important reinforced element affected to increase in the hardness and the impact strength of the joint by forming and dispersing the chromium carbide in the weld metals. Interface structure of the carbon steel/the weld metal clearly showed a small combined area of the metals in opposition to the interface structure of the stainless steel/ the weld metal which had a large combined area of the metals.

Abstract: Gelatin- Zr (IV) phosphate nanocomposite (GT@ZPNC) and alginate- Zr (IV) phosphate nanocomposite (AG@ZPNC) ion exchangers has been prepared by sol-gel method. The nanocomposites are characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The SEM results of GT@ZPNC and AG@ZPNC confirmed that after the binding of polymer matrix to inorganic part, morphology was completely reformed. TEM results confirmed the synthesised materials were nanocomposite in nature. The GT@ZPNC and AG@ZPNC ion exchangers have been explored to fabricate ion selective electrode for the detection of Cd (II) and Al (III) metal ions. Both ion selective membrane electrodes show wide working concentration and pH range with good response time.