Papers by Keyword: Electron-Beam

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) modules are supposed to be a reliable source of power for at least 25 years. Its component needs to work very efficiently to ensure electrical panels continue to perform. Backsheet film has been used to help insulating electrical components of PV modules to ensure PV can operate safely and protect them over their servicing life. PV modules are usually produced using encapsulated polymer such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyamide (PA) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET). However, under continuous environmental stresses the components of solar panel including backsheet film are prone to malfunctions and failure after long term services. Thus, the service lifetime of PV systems may be shorter than the predicted lifetime. To overcome these issues, efforts have been made to enhance the performance of backsheet films by using radiation crosslinking method. The effects of electron-beam irradiation on mechanical and thermal properties for PVDF commercial backsheet film were studied. It was found that degree of crosslinking increased as irradiation dose increased. Irradiated PVDF has adequate mechanical properties to be used as backsheets for solar cells according to industrial reference. The result of SEM resulted in increased strength and stiffness of irradiated PVDF, which support the result of tensile test. In addition, the TGA analysis showed a good thermal stability with no degradation below 400°C. These studies help in quantifying long-term behavior and estimate a module lifetime especially in specific environment such as tropical country like Malaysia.

Abstract: In paper some design elements are considered, manufacturing of welded joints of which being identified with technological and metallurgical difficulties. The possibility of obtaining welded joints of large thickness parts using EBW with the evaluation of mechanical properties is shown, as well as dissimilar compounds of steel and composite on the basis of tungsten and bronze. The optimal modes of electron beam treatment are picked up and the microstructure of the obtained compounds is investigated confirming their quality.

Abstract: The structure and microhardness of high-speed steels P6M5, P9 and P18 after electron-beam processing were investigated in the work. Electron-beam processing was carried out on the industrial accelerator ELV-4. It was established that electron-beam processing allows to obtain a modified layer on the surface of fast-cutting steels with thickness of 20 μm with high hardness, consisting of fragmented martensite with fine carbide particles. It was determined that after electron beam processing the microhardness of high-speed steels increased to 9.5 GPa. It has been experimentally established that the growth of hardness and wear resistance of high-speed steels after electron-beam processing is the result of the formation of more fragmented martensite and a decrease in the size of carbide particles.

Abstract: The paper presents the results of the X-ray diffraction analysis of structural-phase states in the weld zone of a titanium alloy Grade2 in micro-and submicrocrystalline states. It is established that the structural-phase state in the weld zone and in the heat-affected zone depends on the state of samples of the alloy Grade2 before welding. It is shown that formation process of metastable phases ω-Ti and α′′-Ti occurs in the submicrocrystalline state in the alloy Grade2 in the weld zone and in the heat-affected zone. Investigations of the features of the microhardness distribution in the weld zone in alloys Grade2 in micro-and submicrocrystalline states are carried out. Different character of microhardness distributions in the weld zone in the samples depending on the structural-phase state of welded plates made of alloy Grade2 is determined.

Abstract: An experimental measuring method of flight trajectory of edge electron of the electron-beam in the electron gun of furnace was designed. Intermediate perforated copper foil plate is placed in parallel at a key position within the electron gun. The theoretical beam diameter of the electron beam which is reaching the position can be obtained through measuring pore diameter in copper foil plate left after being broke down by the electron-beam, so experimental data got can be verified the theoretical results.

Abstract: (+)-alpha-phenylglycine are significant contaminants at pharmaceutical intermediates production. To study processes for the destruction of contaminant L(+)-alpha-phenylglycine in acid aqueous solution we have investigated the transient species using both laser flash photolysis. The OH· reaction with L(+)-alpha-phenylglycine process was investigated and formed polymer. Furthermore, the results of steady-state analysis suggested that L(+)-alpha-phenylglycine removal was found to be more efficient with increasing applied dose. L(+)-alpha-phenylglycine, decreased by 44.50%, using a dose of 14kGy.

Abstract: The electron beam polishing equipment technology is brought forward and its characteristic is explained because general processing method can’t obtain preferable machining efficiency and product quality. The theory of electronic beam machining is explained in detail, which include electronic beam come into being. The structural drawing is bring brought by this study. The drive principle of worktable movement and the procedure control of electronic beam machining is describe detailedly. The elementary problem is solved on electronic beam machining in theory.

Abstract: The aim of the work was to clad Ti-Ta-Nb coating on a substrate of pure titanium. Cladding was carried out by non-vacuum electron-beam treatment. As a result a good quality coating thickness of about 2 mm was obtained. Microstructural and microhardness tests were conducted. Dendritic structure and the borders of the former grains of β-phase were revealed. At the microlevel, the coating has a martensitic structure. The average hardness of coating is about 4000 MPa.

Abstract: The radiation technology has been applied extensively in the field of biological engineering, tissue engineering, medical practices and so on. It also plays an important role in the sterilization and modification of biomaterials. This work reviews recent development of several types of radiation technology which have been applied in the field of medical biomaterials.

Abstract: Aluminium alloys are commonly used lightweight construction materials. Spray-formed alloys, in particular, represent a group of materials with very high Si contents and a homogeneous distribution of primary Si and other alloying elements in solid solution and intermetallic compounds. The paper deals with current results of EB surface alloying and dispersing of such alloys using a high frequency beam deflection technique. The results concerning the interactions between the EB and the material and its effects on the layer microstructure, characteristic layer properties as well as detailed researches into friction and wear behaviour and future prospects for the technological transferability to industrial applications will be discussed.