Papers by Keyword: Embedding

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to develop the architectural system design of the Six Channels Compact Fuzzy Logic Controller (SCC-FLC) ready to be embedded into the FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) for joints of arm robot's manipulator. The FPGA based system design of this study could controlled independently six servo of arm robot manipulators to reduce workload of computer system. The method of this study divided into four steps. The first step, the FLC-P (Fuzzy Logic Controller Processor) block module of single channel C-FLC (Compact Fuzzy Logic Controller) on the previous study is redesigned in architectural system design by adding lots of block modules using multiplexing method. The second step, the module interconnections of system architecture are designed by defining some of inputs and output ports. The third step, the specific function of block modules about working processes is determined based on the definition of input and output ports. The fourth step, sequences of multiplexing processes are determined based on the algorithm of FLC, thus the total processing time of SCC-FLC could be estimated from architectural system design. Architectural system design of SCC-FLC requires external chips are 12bit ADC MAX-186 chip and 12bit DAC MAX-3203 of six chips. The block modules of SCC-FLC are FLC-P, LUT-MBFs (Look Up Table of Membership Function), ADC-I (Analog to Digital Converter Interface), DAC-I (Digital Analog Converter Interface), ECEG (Error and Change Error Generators), SPL (Set Point Latchs) and TAC (Time And Control). The total processing time of SCC-FLC by estimation is 256.2 µS or sampling frequency of 3.907KHz using clock frequency of 100MHz.

Abstract: This research is about the system architecture for embedding of the Compact Fuzzy Logic Controller (Compact-FLC) into the FPGA with a minimal need in device resource. This exciting research is to minimize the FPGA resources needed to build Compact-FLC based on FPGA for controlling each joint of arm robots manipulator. Compact-FLC results of this research have been used in the XILINX Spartan 3 XC3S1000 FPGA.The Compact-FLC has been applied with satisfactory results as Servo Controller for one joint of arm robot manipulator which the results showed that the controller achieved a process speed of 65,4uS, which is equivalent to a maximum sampling frequency of 15.290 KHz. Output membership function in this Compact-FLC used singleton membership function with Center Of Area algorithm. Two input membership functions, i.e E (Error) and CE (Change Error) have been used, both formed from several combination of triangular membership functions. The maximum number of fuzzysets that can be processed is sixteen. The overlapping function is not limited because there have been 256 if-then rule available as look up table in FPGA's ROM.The device utilization summary from ISE of XILINX development software gave the following data: Slice FlipFlops needed are 3869 or 25% of 15360 availability, 4 input LUT needed are 2319 or 15% of 15360 availability, Blocks of RAM needed are 4 or 16% of 24 availability, MULT18x18s needed are 2 or 8% of 24 availability, GCLKs needed are 2 or 25% of 8 availability, Bonded IOBs needed are 32 or 18% of 173 availability.

Abstract: This study introduces a new anti-counterfeiting method of packaging and printing. Based on CCD (Charge Coupled Device) detection, it changes the dot area to realize hidden information embedding into the halftone image which generated by own separate color program. After print and scan, CCD gain the scan image, combined with program to realize information extracting. The experiment results show that: this method has high speed and accuracy in embedding and extracting information. The function of prevent copy is good. This method can be widely used in packaging and printing anti-counterfeiting.

Abstract: Spatial fragmentation is the current status of historic districts in China, and also the real situation of south historical district, Nanjing. This paper proposes Embedding " renaissance philosophy, reconstruct industrial and revival cultural from space form, transportation organizations, industry types and cultural activities, in order to achieve the convergence of urban culture and industry. Integration of urban spaces and activities becomes a response which meeting modern urban development and cultural continuity, maintaining economic vitality and popularity, and obtaining a win-win situation in development and protection.

Abstract: Edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles are helpful to implement efficient and fault tolerant algorithms that require a ring structure. The n-dimensional parity cube, PQn, is a variant of hypercube. The existence of two edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles in parity cube is unknown. In this paper, we prove that there exist two edge-disjoint Hamiltonian cycles in n-dimensional parity cube with n≥4.

Abstract: The multivariate public key cryptosystem is a new and fast public key cryptosystem. This paper presents a multivariate public key cryptographic scheme over a finite field with odd prime characteristic. The idea of embedding and layering is manifested in its construction. The security of the scheme is analyzed in detail. The result indicates that the proposed scheme can resist all known attacks effectively.

Abstract: The locally twisted cube is a newly introduced interconnection network for parallel computing, which possesses many desirable properties. In this paper, the problem of embedding complete binary trees into locally twisted cubes is studied.Let LTQ_n(V;E) denote the n-dimensional locally twisted cube.We find the following result in this paper: for any integern ≥ 2,we show that a complete binary tree with 2ⁿ—1 nodes can be embedded into the LTQ_n with dilation 2.

Abstract: In this paper we propose a technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. We use both cryptography and steganography. We take image as the carrier to use steganography. We have extended the existing hill cipher to increase its robustness and used it as our cryptography algorithm. By using this extended hill cipher (a new block cipher) which uses a 128 bit key, we encrypt the secret message. Then the cipher text of the secret message is embedded into the carrier image in 6th, 7th and 8th bit locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes). The 8th bit in a pixel (byte) is called as the least significant bit (LSB). The pixel selection is done depending on the bit pattern of the cipher text. So for different messages the embedding pixels will be different. That means to know the pixels of the image where the cipher text is embedded we should know the cipher text bits. Thus it becomes a stronger steganography. As the pixels where we embed are chosen during the run time of the algorithm, so we say that it is dynamic steganography. After embedding the resultant image will be sent to the receiver, the receiver will apply the reverse process what the sender has done and get the secret message.

Abstract: In this paper we are proposing a new Image steganography technique for secure communication between sender and receiver. At the sender we follow two steps. In the first step we encrypt the secret information by blowfish algorithm and in second step we embed the cipher text in LSB minus one and LSB (least significant bit) locations of some of the selected pixels (bytes) of the carrier image. One pixel is 8 bits in 8-bit gray scale. The selection of the pixels is done by a dynamic evaluation function. Depending on the cipher text bits, the dynamic evaluation function decides on which pixels the different cipher text bits are to be embedded. At the receiver also two steps are followed, first the cipher bits are retrieved from the image from the said locations and then it is decrypted by using the blowfish algorithm to get the secret information. As the embedding byte locations are decided based on bits of the cipher text, so it is dynamic steganography. This approach provides two levels of security, one at the cryptography level and the other at the steganography level. The proposed technique is experimented through a large number of experiments.

Abstract: Considering the insufficient ability of data processing existed in configuration software, a scheme integrated both advantages of advanced programming language and configuration software is provided. In this scheme real-time data acquisition and complex processing are achieved by advanced programming language, the human-computer interface and other functions of the monitoring system are achieved by configuration software. Configuration software achieves the purpose of expanding data processing ability by data communications between advanced programming language and configuration software based on OLE technology. The practical application result indicates that the data processing ability of configuration software can be effectively expanded based on OLE technology, which has well stability and real-time, and can play significant performance in complex parameters and data processing related monitoring system.