Papers by Keyword: Energy Consumption

Abstract: Modern manufacturing increasingly demands energy-and resource-efficient solutions. Conventional metal forming often requires high temperatures to reduce flow stress, resulting in high energy consumption, especially for low-formability alloys. Electrically-Assisted Manufacturing (EAM) has emerged as a promising alternative, leveraging the electroplastic effect, i.e. electricity’s direct influence on plastic deformation. Documented benefits include reduced forming forces, improved ductility, and altered fracture modes. Indeed, integrating electroplasticity into manufacturing aligns with Industry 4.0 and decarbonization goals, enabling lower energy consumption, extended tool life, and greater compatibility with renewable energy sources. This study compares conventional tensile testing and electro-assisted tensile testing (EAM) of Ti6Al4V, evaluating both mechanical results and the energy consumption of the testing machine under different conditions. The comparison results highlight the potential of pulsed current to improve material formability while reducing energy consumption, offering a more sustainable approach to manufacturing.

Abstract: The article investigates energy consumption during the drying stage of iron ore pellets, a critical process in ensuring energy efficiency in mining and metallurgical production. Particular attention is given to the influence of charge material moisture content and the application of SAS (SAS) on the specific consumption of energy resources, namely electricity and natural gas. Industrial trials were conducted at one of the leading mining and processing enterprises in the Kryvyi Rih region, focusing on the transition from the baseline (in-house) concentrate to raw material from another regional enterprise, pre-treated with non-ionic SAS. It was established that the increased dispersity and hydrophilicity of the new raw material concentrate necessitate additional moistening of the charge, significantly affecting thermal regimes and energy expenditures during drying. Based on collected experimental data, regression models were developed to quantitatively predict the specific consumption of electricity and gas as a function of technological parameters. The primary factors influencing energy consumption were identified as the moisture content of the charge and the daily throughput of the drying unit. An increase in specific electricity consumption by 17.73% and natural gas consumption by 33.25% was recorded, accompanied by a simultaneous reduction in productivity by 9.55%. The findings are relevant for specialists in energy management, electrical engineering, and thermal analysis in metallurgy, particularly in the development of strategies for optimizing energy consumption under industrial conditions.

Abstract: The housing sector accounts for a high percentage of total energy consumption in Iraq, with most energy usage on air-conditioning systems in summer to provide comfort to residents. This study simulates energy consumption for a typical 200 m², two-story, single-family building in Al Amarah city, Iraq, to compare heating, cooling, and total energy use across three different building configurations. Locally manufactured hollow concrete blocks made with 40 × 20 × 20 cm3 dimensions were adopted to improve their thermal performance by filling the cavities with Polystyrene insulation. The research examined three residential building configurations: (i) a base case built with traditional fired-clay brick, (ii) hollow concrete block walls free of insulation, and (iii) hollow concrete block walls incorporating thermal insulation. Energy simulations using eQUEST software were conducted, utilising the thermal response factor method as the primary tool to analyse the impact of external environmental conditions on cooling and heating loads. The results demonstrated significant annual energy savings for the building with hollow concrete blocks with and without insulation. However, insulated hollow concrete blocks showed reduced annual energy consumption compared to the common brick building system. Specifically, the insulated and uninsulated blocks attained energy savings by 29.4% and 16.08%, respectively, for north-facing orientation.

Abstract: The energy issue is necessary today due to the decrease in fossil energy and its impacts on the environment. It is important to use energy effectively. In the air conditioning sector, the energy consumption of air conditioners is the top energy user in buildings. The air conditioner user needs to find the best way to operate the air conditioner. In the present research, the effect of pressure behavior at start-up conditions on the energy consumption and heat transfer process is analyzed. The result shows that the pressure behavior affects the evaporator temperature, specific heat, and thermal conductivity in liquid and vapor conditions. In the first 20-second AC operation, the energy consumption of the AC compressor increases significantly before the compressor work slowly decreases at 40-second operation and remains constant at steady conditions. The negligible heat transfer at the first 20-second AC operation increases steeply for 40 seconds. The heat transfer is steady at 60 seconds of operation and above.

Abstract: The study aims to investigate convective heat transfer in multi-story buildings in Metro Manila and its impact on residents' thermal comfort. The increasing demand for residential construction in Metro Manila has resulted in a higher concentration of buildings and paved surfaces, which exacerbate the city's hot and humid climate. This study aims to identify factors that contribute to convective heat transfer, such as building design, insulation, and ventilation, and assess their impact on energy consumption and indoor air quality. The research will provide insights into effective strategies for reducing energy consumption and improving indoor temperature conditions, resulting in more comfortable and sustainable living environments for residents.

Abstract: In recent years, the whole world has been ailed by the change in climate with global warming and its negative effects on Earth’s climate system. Increased emissions and amplified energy consumption have resulted in a remarkable rise across the various climatic regions of Egypt, intensifying the thermal stresses on building facades. So to address this matter through a quantitative study, how climate change influences energy consumption rates will be analysed by referring back to the ECEEE records and Egypt's weather data files. The weather data files follow the seven climate regions and the different cities, starting with Alexandria, then Cairo, Minya, Asyut, Hurghada, Kharga, and finally Aswan. Based on the ECEEE records, each climate region has a particular thermal resistance (R-value) regulated by its zone location and weather conditions, thereby regulating consumption and reducing energy consumption. The simulations will also compare the most recent weather data files for 2021 with the original from 2006 in order to determine whether they are still applicable to today's energy depletion rates. The DesignBuilder program will be used to examine and compare R-values for an air-conditioned office space (6x4) m with a southwest orientation between 2006 and 2021. The results show an increase in Delta and Cairo Regions (2) by 50% , South Upper Egypt Regions (4) by 57% , and East Coast Regions (5) by 43% that were treated with XPS Extruded Polystyrene - CO2 Blowing as an insulation material addition, with its thickness adjusted according to the different regions. Keywords Climate Change, Energy Consumption, R-Value, Energy Code, Climatic Regions, Office Space, Orientation, Software Simulation, Envelope

Abstract: Key directions of socio-economic development of resource-rich countries such as Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan necessitate enhancing level of energy efficiency and energy effectiveness as main drivers of sustainable development in the different sectors of national economies, given the need for sustainable development. With inclining trend of green energy transition in these countries as elsewhere, they have started to prioritize energy efficiency, as well as its development across sectors of national economies. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that energy efficiency is the key driver for development of economies as inefficient use of energy in all the sectors of the national economies impedes sustainable development and dynamic growth of national domestic product. The result of this study presents data reflecting actual structure of availability and use of energy resources, which allows to identify necessary resources for ensuring sustainable social and economic development. Among others, availability of effective decision making framework become important not only in terms of use of fuel and energy resources, but also in development of country specific approach and strategy for enabling and maintaining energy efficiency and energy effectiveness, and sustaining momentum as a whole.

Abstract: The goal of the current study was to develop pantyhose that reduce leg muscle fatigue when heeled shoes are worn. To this end, pantyhose that provide a comfortable fitting sensation were developed, and the wear experience of the pantyhose and the effect of the pantyhose on energy consumption under walking muscle activity of the lower limbs were investigated. The study participants were 17 healthy Japanese females in their twenties who did not usually put on support wear. The respiratory metabolism was measured as the participants either walked without pantyhose or wore one of two types of pantyhose and wore three types of shoe, namely running/low-heeled/high-heeled shoes. Participants walked on a treadmill at 3 km/h. Regardless of whether pantyhose were worn, the energy consumption increased significantly with walking relative to standing. During walking, energy consumption increased significantly in the order of not wearing shoes, wearing running shoes, wearing low-heeled shoes, and wearing high-heeled shoes. In other words, a higher heel height corresponded to higher energy consumption, regardless of whether pantyhose were worn. Wearing pantyhose while standing upright increased energy consumption, especially in the case of pantyhose A, for which energy consumption was significantly higher than that when going barefoot. In addition, for walking in running shoes, the energy consumption was significantly higher when pantyhose A were worn than when no pantyhose were worn. The wearing of pantyhose A, but not the wearing of pantyhose B, was thus found to increase energy consumption.

Abstract: The environmental sustainability of the additive manufacturing (AM) process has been a trend in recent years. As well as the adoption of the AM process in traditional manufacturing environments to take advantage of the customization offered by this technology. Similar studies proposed the AM environmental sustainble analysis from a life cycle, circular economy and recycled material perspective. This study is centered in the environmental evaluation of the AM process adoption. The aim of this research is to characterize a model to predict the carbon footprint in an additively manufactured piece through the energy consumption in the printing process. Pieces with different shapes and positions were simulated using a printing simulator to test the model in a fused deposition modeling 3D printer and demonstrate the impact of different manufacturing strategies. The results show that the model proposed is capable of estimating the carbon footprint through the printing time and build volume of a given piece and predict the best printing position to diminish the CO2 emission in the process. Moreover, the model proposed allows managers and practitioners to analyze multiple fabrication scenarios for decision-making.

Abstract: Ammonia can be produced from a wide range of raw materials such as coal, natural gas, coke and oil. Coal gasification is a process that converts biomass or fossil fuel-based carbonaceous materials into CO, H₂ and CO₂. A cryogenic air separation process was used to obtain oxygen from air because of high purity and high amount of oxygen, which will be used for coal gasification. For an ammonia synthesis process using pure oxygen gasification, the energy consumption of cryogenic air separation occupies a large proportion. The aim is to reduce energy consumed in the ammonia plant. The models of the process were developed with the aid of Aspen Plus. The energy consumption of the different processes was obtained through energy analysis, economic analysis and sensitivity analysis. From the three simulations, it can be seen that Simulation 3 produced oxygen with the highest purity of 0.979. From the energy analysis, the energy consumed on the total utilities in Simulation 1 was 5.626×10¹⁰ BTU/h with an energy savings of 1.55%, the energy consumed in Simulation 2 was 5.286×10¹⁰ BTU/h with an energy savings of 1.53% while the energy consumed on the total utilities in Simulation 3 was 1.425×10⁹ BTU/h with an energy savings of 74.90%. Simulation 3 consumed the least energy. The economic analysis showed the total cost of each plant for a 10-year duration. Simulation 1 had a total operating cost of 42.083 billion USD/year, Simulation 2 had a total operating cost of 41.9615 billion USD/year and Simulation 3 had a total operating cost of 918.841 million USD/year. Therefore, Simulation 3 consumed the least cost of total operation. It can also be seen that the higher the energy consumption in a plant, the higher the total cost of the plant as Simulation 3 consumed the least energy, which justified that. Simulation 3 is the air separation plant that optimises the energy consumption, thereby reducing the energy consumed in the whole ammonia plant.