Papers by Keyword: Engineering

Abstract: The role of forestry in providing renewable, sustainable and environmentally friendly materials in engineering is increasingly being emphasized. This paper explores the recent advancements and diverse applications of sustainable forestry materials in several engineering sectors. A systematic and structured review was conducted, using literature from Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases in the past decade. The results revealed that integration of sustainable forestry materials, such as timber, bamboo, cork, and engineered wood products like cross-laminated timber (CLT) and laminated veneer lumber (LVL), offers significant environmental benefits, including renewable sourcing, reduced carbon footprints, and versatile applications across various engineering sectors. Forestry sustainable materials provide viable replacements for traditional building materials in construction, automotive and aerospace. In addition, forestry materials are also being used in consumer goods, appreciating their aesthetics and performance properties. Furthermore, the results revealed that advanced processing techniques, such as thermal modification and chemical treatments, enhance the durability and performance of these materials for demanding applications. However, challenges like material degradation, high initial costs, unsustainable harvesting practices, and slow updates to building codes hinder their widespread adoption. Overcoming these barriers will require the development of standardized testing methods, improved processing technologies, greater market acceptance, and supportive policies, alongside advances in biotechnology. Therefore, sustainable forestry materials offer environmentally friendly and renewable alternatives in construction, automotive, and aerospace engineering. Advanced processing techniques enhance their durability, enabling their use in demanding applications while reducing carbon footprints.

Abstract: Studying the behaviour of engineering systems and processes from the perspective of applications of artificial intelligence provides an invaluable reference to improve their productivity and industrial development at large. This study comprehensively unveiled the problems faced by engineering systems and how artificial intelligence could be deployed as a technique for the future advancement of the industry. A brief background of the application of artificial intelligence in some selected engineering fields revealed that insufficient operational and process data from both plants and processes are major problems causing the survival of sustainable intelligent systems thereby, leading to incessant system failure. Furthermore, it was equally discovered that artificial intelligent for specific application are based on the data obtained from such application. Thus, there is no universally agreed artificial intelligent for a specific application. This made it a bit complex in developing intelligent systems. Keywords: Artificial Neural Network, Applications, Engineering, Training, Data.

Abstract: Critical investigation of strength properties of materials is required in Engineering practice to ensure an enhanced service life. Globally, industrialists are struggling to increase cost savings from lost production due to the failure of machine, while customers are concerned about the safety and reliability of the products. Hammer mills are prone to various modes of failure like chemical failure, erosive failure, abrasive failure and fatigue failure. The effect of these failure modes is always detrimental to the operation of the machine and its efficiency. Hence, forensic investigation is essential to determine the failure modes and their effects on hammer mills for bone crushing. Field investigation was carried out to monitor the hammer mill in operation for 12 months with a production of 20 bags per hour. The total production per day for 8 hours is expected to be 160 bags at a given speed. Thus, the cost of machine downtime on production is huge. The Pareto method was used to determine the effect of downtime on revenue and production for a period of one year. The hours of failure were between 1 to 2 hours per day. The loss in revenue was calculated using the variation of number of failure with time, as obtained from hammer mill. The outcome showed that hammers investigated failed as a result of abrasive wear, fatigue, impact, and chemical wear, respectively. The cost of downtime was found to be $ 37,745,809,920.00 CAD for the period of study. Based on findings, wide ranging factors are required to evaluate the performance of the hammer mill for improved productivity and efficiency. These are proper material selection, design and appropriate operational parameters. However, there is need for optimisation of the hammer material via heat treatment methods as this will reduce the yearly cost of production, downtime of the milling machine for bone crushing as well as improvement in productivity.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing dispersion-strengthened aluminum matrix composites using a powder metallurgical technique and an in situ method was considered. Methods combination was aimed at ensuring energy efficiency, avoiding vacuum treatment of the reaction medium, and using inert gasses to protect from oxidation. Reinforcement phase precursors are capable of ensuring good wettability of dispersed particles by the molten matrix metal. The options of the methods’ practical implementation are presented by the example of producing aluminum matrix composites filled with various functional particles.

Abstract: Climate change is recognized as a global problem and even the industrial and construction sectors are trying to reduce the green-house gas emissions, especially on CO₂ emissions. In Vietnam, the coal-fired thermal power plants are discharging millions of tons of CO₂ and coal ash annually. This coal ash is comprised of about 80% of fly ash and the rest is bottom ash. This study would like to introduce one of the potential solutions in a carbon-constrained society that would not only manage the fly ash but also utilized this as raw material for green materials through geopolymerization. The geopolymer-based material has lower energy consumption, minimal CO₂ emissions and lower production cost as it valorizes industrial waste. The fly ash containing high alumino-silicate resources from a coal-fired power plant in Vietnam was mixed with sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solutions to obtain the geopolymeric pastes. The pastes were molded in 10x10x20cm molds and then cured at room temperature for 28 days. The 28-day geopolymer specimens were carried out to test for engineering properties such as compressive strength (MPa), volumetric weight (kg/m³), and water absorption (kg/m³). The microstructure analysis was also conducted for this eco-friendly materials using X ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Differential Thermal Analysis - Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA).

Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of hydrologic calculation of highway bridge crossing tributary, two calculation methods were listed in this paper. Based on the analysis and comparison of the hydrologic calculation of bridge design flood flow and water level at certain frequency crossing tributaries in the main river system, the hydrologic analysis of bridge is introduced. The important applications of hydrologic analysis of highway bridge community along river that need to be solved are discussed.

Abstract: Manufacturing competitive science-intensive engineering products is one of the most important tendencies of the modern stage of Russian economy development. Various means are applied to assess the competitiveness including automated competitiveness monitoring of science-intensive products at machinery production. A separate issue is building a team of experts for the survey. To solve this problem we engage a forward-looking businessman, a professional manager, an independent expert and a potential consumer as the subjects of the dialogue.

Abstract: The labour market dictates the principles of computer design, engineering and construction training. Knowledge of the latest information technologies is the main of them. A necessary condition for successful learning is teaching staff. Teachers should not only actively work in the design industry but have professional certification in leading programs of Autodesk.The value of certification as an independent evaluation of professionalism is growing every day. The aim of this work is to highlight the issue of benefits Authorized Training Center (ATC) Autodesk. Analyzing experience of ATC Autodesk SPbPU authors make conclusion how much ATC Autodesk is useful for higher education institutions.

Abstract: This work is devoted to description the outset of research the modern thermal shielding systems on the model of house, and desired outcome. Results can be basement for modernisation of building regulation, in prospect. Experiment consists in tests conducting and drafting of troubleshooting guideline.

Abstract: Engineering science is bridge of fundamental science and engineering. This paper introduces origin, growth and figuration of engineering science by examining its history, and defines it as science-based engineering theory, or science-abstracted engineering theory by comparing concepts related. Finally, roles, which engineering science play for a nation, are discussed including increasing productivity, providing solutions for national security, and advancing science and technology. The authors suggest more recognition of fundamental science, talent cultivation from Chinese perspective.