Papers by Keyword: Environmental Protection

Abstract: Nanotechnology especially Zero Valent metals is a modern technology for the degradation of extensive ranges of biological wastewater contaminants. Due to their effectiveness, economically and safely properties, this study successfully prepared and characterized nanoZero Valent Iron (nZVI) to be encapsulated into natural alginate biopolymer. The effect of operating parameters was studied at different environmental conditions; pH, dose (g/L), contact time (min), stirring rate (rpm), and BOD concentrations. Adsorption isotherm, kinetic studies, and statistical analysis (Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial neural networks (ANNs)) were examined to describe the removal behavior. The obtained results indicated that the maximum removal efficiency was 81.2 % for initial BOD concentration 300 mg/L, at pH 7, using wet dose 3g/L, 25min, and stirring rate 200 rpm. Also, adsorption and kinetic data indicated that the adsorption mechanism runs toward the Sips model to approximate the Freundlich model at low concentration and to solve the Freundlich limitation at high concentration with a maximum adsorption capacity of 181mg/g. Kinetic results describe the solid transformation from one phase to another at a constant temperature by approving Avrami model. Finally, RSM results agree with ANNs results that the “Concentration effect” is the most significant variable that controls the removal efficiency.

Abstract: Wastewater treatment by nanotechnology, specifically magnetic nanosorbent as nanoZero Valent Iron (nZVI), is a new technology for degradation of wide ranges of organic pollutants by the effect of free electrons as Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) and adsorption processes. Due to their effectiveness, economic, and safety properties, this study prepared and characterized nZVI to be entrapped into natural alginate biopolymer (Ag/nZVI). The removal of wastewater chemical pollutants was tested by studying the variations of COD levels. The effect of operating conditions was studied at different pH, Ag/nZVI doses (g/L), contact time (min), stirring rate (rpm), and initial COD concentrations. Also, Adsorption isotherm, kinetic studies were conducted to estimate equilibrated reaction mechanisms. Linear regression analysis was tested to find the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) relations between variables and removal percentages. Nonlinear Feed-Forward backpropagation system was built for Artificial intelligence neural networks (ANNs) importance detections. Finally, this study approved effective COD removal percentages reached 76%. The maximum removal efficiency for initial COD concentration 400 mg/L was observed at pH 6, using wet dose 3g/L, 30min, and 150 rpm.

Abstract: Asbestos-cement products (eternit) were a commonly used roofing material for residential and farm buildings. Due to the harmfulness of this product, in 1997 its production and use was banned in Poland. In 2002 the Polish government adopted a program aimed at the complete removal of these materials from buildings by 2032. Despite the possibility of obtaining funding for the removal of asbestos, the process is slow. Inhabitants of small communes often dismantle asbestos products in an inappropriate way on their own, which has a negative impact on the environment and poses a threat to human health. The article presents the results of the CAWI (Computer Assisted Web Interview) survey, identifying the methods of developing asbestos roofing over the last twenty-four years in five selected towns of the Kłobuck poviat. An „in situ” visual assessment of the identification of products in these localities was performed and indicators showing changes in the manner of their management were estimated. Moreover, the respondents also specified the future intention to neutralize the asbestos panels still on the buildings. It was found that in the analysed period, there was an increase in disassembly works carried out by companies specialised in the disposal of asbestos cement to the level of 72%, with a simultaneous decrease in the share of negative practices by 65%. Unfortunately, over 55% of farm buildings in the analysed area are still covered with eternit. Low environmental awareness and high costs of changing the roof covering make it impossible to solve this problem quickly.

Abstract: Silver has functional properties such as disinfection, sterilization, and anti-corrosion.The combination of silver and conventional ceramics by high-temperature silver plating can impart the functionality to ceramic products and increase the functionality of ceramic products.The traditional way of decorating ceramic products is mainly glazed decoration, which combines silver and ceramics, and its silver metallic luster can bring decorative effects to ceramic products. And it is produced by high-temperature silver plating, which saves costs in the production process compared to traditional silver plating.At the same time, compared with traditional ceramics, high-temperature silver-plated ceramics can take into account the properties of ceramics and can also play the role of disinfection, sterilization, anti-corrosion and other properties of silver. It is produced by high-temperature silver plating, which is more cost-effective than traditional silver plating in the production process. At the same time, compared with traditional ceramics, high-temperature silver-plated ceramics can achieve the disinfection and sterilization of silver in consideration of the properties of ceramics,anti-corrosion and other attributes, a reasonable combination of the two, fully demonstrate the functionality and decoration of both.

Abstract: The analysis of the current situation with the handling with extremely and highly hazardous wastes in Russia in terms of various industries, building and transport complex. According to the results of the studies, promising measures are proposed to create an industrial infrastructure for the processing, utilization, neutralization of the mentioned types of waste in the form of modern tasks for scientific and technical development, the creation of new cost-effective resource-saving, environmentally safe production complexes and systems, the introduction of accessible top-level technologies, ensuring the requirements of legislation in the field of handling with hazardous waste and protecting the environment.

Abstract: The components of the flux are optimized and the environmental friendly flux withexcellent comprehensive performance is prepared. Then the composition of the solder paste isoptimized to prepare the SMT environmental protection and high efficient lead-free solder paste, andits performance is studied. The results show that the storage stability, printability, weldability andenvironmental protection of the SMT environmental protection and high efficient lead-free solderpaste are good, and the reliability is high. The related technical indexes have reached or superior tothe commercial solder paste, and have reached the commercial level initially.

Abstract: BEE project is a category of complicated and systematic engineering in construction industry, not only concerned with alleviation of energy shortage pressure and melioration of residential conditions, but also related to both sustainable development of low carbon society and promotion of circular economy. Three main parts including green building, renewable and clean energy technologies and environmental protection are analyzed and studied in a holistic way. In general, energy-saving technologies and energy management pattern have been researched in detail based on general building energy efficiency theory, so as to effectively promote building energy-efficient application system.

Abstract: The essence and expediency in the use of partial indicators of economic efficiency evaluation and selection of environmental activities in the development of iron ore deposits in different mining conditions of its exploitation is identified. Methodical approach to economic evaluation of the effectiveness of environmental measures during developing of iron ore deposits by using of index environmental and economic changes level of the environment, specific costs for environmental protection and economic intensity of violations of the environment was improved. The generalized indicator of economic efficiency of production ecologization at enterprises of mining and processing of ore raw materials is grounded. Levels of this indicator by the character of environmental activities of the enterprise, the stability of its interaction with nature and level on environmental-safety, are allocated. The methodical substantiation of evaluation criteria and methods for measuring the cost-effectiveness of environmental measures during exploitation of iron ore deposits and practical aspects of assessing the level of ecologization of open-pit and underground mining in relation to the economy of mining enterprises are given.

Abstract: This paper analyzed the advantages and disadvantages as well as the applicability of pressurized water supply system. The following aspects were also summarized: 1) How to elect the overlying water-supply system 2) high-rise building pressurized water supply green energy saving considerations. 3) Reduction of the pipe leakage of cutting-edge technology, which focuses on the high-sensitivity, low-cost water quality monitoring technology. 4) Secondary pressurized water management, operation and scheduling as well as the establishment of relevant platforms, including wisdom water system construction, digital water supply system and secondary water supply management information system in figure.

Abstract: China is now confronted with the tasks of both promoting the economic growth and protecting the environment. Environmental protection has been adopted as the basic national policy to achieve sustainable development. The progress and innovations in the field of material science and engineering are expected to make great contributions since they can help to increase efficiency and reduce pollution. In this paper, the environment situation in China was reviewed to highlight some certain fields that need the efforts from material scientists. And some new technologies were also discussed as the potential methods to deal with these problems. In summary, this paper can be served as a clue for the material researchers who want to contribute to Chinese environmental protection.