Papers by Keyword: Equal Channel Angular Rolling (ECAR)

Abstract: The influence of severe plastic deformation (SPD) on distribution of effective stresses, effective strains and temperatures during equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) process is mathematically simulated. Effect of ECAR processing on substructural and mechanical properties of oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) Cu material is investigated too. Mathematical simulations in software DEFORM-3D, ECAR technology, tensile tests, EBSD analysis were used as experimental methods. Mathematical simulations of first ECAR pass referred on following results: effective normal stress had low heterogeneity with value 385 MPa, effective strain was distinguished with high heterogeneity in cross section of sample (φ=1,5-3) and temperature in deformation zone achieved value 150 °C. Mechanical properties after cold drawing were: Rp0,2 = 217 MPa, Rm = 260 MPa, Z = 63 % and after sixth ECAR pass were: Rp0,2 = 412 MPa, Rm = 426 MPa, Z = 72 %. From experiments is resulting the stabilization of mechanical properties after fourth ECAR pass were obtained.

Abstract: In order to improve the formability of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet at room temperature, a new process, so-called equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) and followed by annealing treatment was applied to process the sheet. The optical microstructure of the as-received sheet was similar with that of the ECARed one after annealing treatment, the Erichsen value and limiting drawing ratio of the ECARed sheet was about 6.26mm and 1.6, respectively, which was much larger than that of 4.18mm and 1.2 for the as-received sheet. These can be attributed to the low yield ratio and high strain hardening exponent due to the modified texture induced by the shear deformation during ECAR process, which is favor of the activations of basal slipping and twinning at ambient temperature, especially deforming at the rolling direction.

Abstract: As the surface friction between feeding rolls and metal sheet generates the feeding power of ECAR, the generated feeding power is low, and the friction between the metal sheet and ECAR die should be minimized. However, for obtaining a large shear deformation by ECAR, the metal sheet should be tightly contacted with the wall of ECAR die. In this condition, the thickness of the metal sheet is continuously increased during ECAR. A new ECAR apparatus is developed for maximizing the shear deformation and obtaining sheet thickness uniformity, and succeeding continuous ECAR with such a limited feeding power. By controlling the outlet gap of the ECAR die with elastic unit, the thickness of the metal sheet is kept uniform. Detailed thickness control mechanism during the new ECAR process is analyzed. A sheet of Al 6063 alloy that is 1-pass deformed with the new ECAR apparatus shows below ±0.037 mm of thickness variation and 0.61 of shear strain.

Abstract: The evolution of annealing textures and microstructures in the aluminum alloy 3103, which was subjected to deformation by either cold rolling or equal channel angular rolling (ECAR), was investigated. Samples of AA 3103 sheets were repeatedly deformed by ECAR up to six passes. In addition, AA 3103 was cold rolled to the same hardness level of the ECARed samples. Upon annealing, the cold rolled sample was recrystallized by the discontinuous recrystallization which gave rise to the formation of the cube texture and large grains bigger than 30 µm. In contrast, the ECARed sample was recrystallized by extended recovery which led to the formation of ultra-fine grains having a size smaller than 3.5 µm.

Abstract: The evolution of texture and microstructure during the equal channel angular rolling (ECAR) and subsequent annealing in aluminum alloy 3003 sheets was investigated. The tools of ECAR were designed to provide a constant shear deformation of the order of 0.5 per passage while preserving the original sheet shape. Samples of the aluminum alloy 3003 sheets were repeatedly deformed by ECAR up to twelve passages. Shear textures developed after the first passage of ECAR. However, the intensity of shear texture components decreased with increasing number of ECAR passages. After a large number of ECAR passages, a random texture developed at the expense of shear texture components. Observations by TEM and EBSD revealed that the degree of misorientations within the deformed grains increased with increasing number of ECAR passages. After recrystallization annealing, samples deformed by ECAR displayed pronounced {111}//ND fiber orientations. The annealed sheets comprising of ultra-fine grains were successfully produced in the samples deformed by a large number of ECAR passages.