Papers by Keyword: Fabric

Abstract: Due to its wide application improvement of fire protection of materials has always been topical. Aim of the research is to render textile materials less flammable in an economically and environmentally friendly manner using modified commercial products. Plain wave cotton fabric pretreated with cyclic phosphonate flame retardant (FR) Itoflam PES was used in experiments. Printing pastes Printperfect LAC 60, Tubiscreen EX-TS and Printperfect EX-AR with additive antimony trioxide (Sb₂O₃) were used for additional treatment of cotton fabric via flat screen coating method. FR properties, physico – mechanical characteristics (tensile strength, elongation, stiffness, abrasion resistance) were examined. It is concluded that foamed coating increases the stiffness and abrasion resistance of material. Recommendations for material application are given.

Abstract: The paper focuses on strengthening of loadbearing reinforced concrete vertical members by composite materials. These modern materials are used more and more in the last years. Usage of the FRP fabrics as confinement has several advantages, however there are some uncertainties regarding the design (eg. determining the compressive strength of confined concrete and limit strain of confined concrete). An assessment of influence of the confinement on the elements (its load bearing capacity and ductility) is necessary for design. There is a large number of analytical formulas, standardized approaches and regulations, which specify the resulting influence on the confinement. The paper draws attention to the considerable dispersion between those obtained results.The paper presents an analysis of the influence of reinforced concrete columns strengthening, which are confined with FRP fabric. The obtained theoretical results were compared with a real behaviour of several specimens of confined concrete columns. The short reinforced concrete circular columns were used as the test specimens. The height-diameter ratio of the columns was set as 2:1, therefore an influence of slenderness to loadbearing capacity of the column can be neglected. Consequently, the influence of confinement can be maximized and the dispersion of results according to different methodologies can be emphasized.

Abstract: This paper presents a methodology for extending the use of the beam-shell forming model to predict the structural properties of the composite part. After the forming simulation has been performed, the material definition will be changed such that the beam elements will represent the fiber reinforcements and the shell elements will represent the resin. The methodology behind the entire approach will be demonstrated using a stitched uniaxial glass fabric. The methodology for characterizing the fabric behavior will be discussed. After the part has been formed, it will be infused with resin. The methodology for characterizing the composite behavior will be introduced. The finite element model will be compared with experimental data to validate the methodology.

Abstract: Nano-TiO₂ Modified Fluorine-Containing Polyacrylate Soap-Free Emulsion was Successfully Synthesized via Soap-Free Emulsion Polymerization Technique, in which the Polymerization Monomers Consisted of Methyl Methacrylate (MMA), Butyl Acrylate (BA) and Dodecafluoroheptyl Methacrylate (DFMA). the Influence of Amount of Initiator, Emulsifier, Containing Fluorine Monomer and nano-TiO₂ on the Performance of Emulsion was Investigated. the Results Showed that the Good Polymerization Stability, and High Monomer Conversion were Obtained when the Amount of Ammonium Initiator was 1.2%, the Amount of Reactive Emulsifier was 3.5%. with Increasing Amount of DFMA, the Monomer Conversion Decreased and the Gel Rate Increased Gradually with the Increase of DFMA Amount. UV-Blocking Ability of the Cotton Fabric Treated with the Hybrid Emulsion Containing Nano-Tio₂ increased with Increasing Amount of Nano-TiO₂. IR Spectrum Results Showed that Nano-TiO₂ and Fluorine-Containing Monomer were Successfully Introduced in the Segmental Structure of the Polymer. SEM Revealed that Nano-TiO₂ was Loaded on the Surface of the Treated Cotton Fabric which had Good Hydrophobicity.

Abstract: In this experiment, tussah fabric was dye-free printed by using tryptophan-added method. The physical and chemical properties of printed fabrics were tested and measured. The optimal process for tussah fabric dye-free printing tryptophan added has got, which was tryptophan mass fraction of 7.5 %, PHBA of 8 %, HCl of 15 %, HEC of 2.5 %, and H₂O₂ of 2 %. The tussah silk fabric squeegee performed twice and then dried at 80°C for 30 min showed best printing result. Its printing pattern and outline were clear, and it had deep and uniform color. Meanwhile, the breaking strength of the fabric, color fastness and breathability, softness performs were well. What’s more, a short process was used, which it’s more environment-friendly and more economical.

Abstract: The analytical method was established for identification of 100% cotton fabric by Raman spectroscopy. 100 samples were analyzed directly by Raman spectrometer with a 1064nm laser source. 1120-1180 cm^-1,1320-1400cm^-1 and 1560-1600cm^-1 were selected as important spectral regions by Random forest method. A Random forest model was established with 65 trees and 80 training samples. The result showed that different kind of textile can be identified by Raman spectroscopy coupled with random forest method.

Abstract: The water-based fire retardant is one kind of additive type flame retardant, which uses water as the dispersion medium and improves the flame retardant performance of wood, fabric or cardboard by spraying or dipping. In this paper, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and diammonium phosphate were used as raw materials for preparing the water-based flame retardants according to four different proportions of 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50. Three kinds of fabrics were disposed with the retardant firstly, and then dried in the air, at last immersed in water, liquid soap and detergent solution with one hour. Air dried fabrics were characterized by differential thermal and thermal gravimetric analysis, and effect of water-based fire retardant of ammonium phosphate on the thermal decomposition properties also discussed on the basis of the experimental data. These results may have significant potential towards exploring preparation and application of other water-based flame retardants.

Abstract: An experimental investigation into projectile penetration of pre-tensioned woven fabric samples – Tawron^® CT 717 (plain weave) – is undertaken. Specimens are clamped at their top and bottom edges, and pre-stretched by forces of 200N, 1000N, 2000N, 3000N and 4000N respectively. They are then oriented at various angles (0, 7.5°, 15° and 30°) from the vertical (perpendicular to the horizontal axis of a gas gun), and subjected to impact by a 12mm diameter steel sphere. A high-speed camera is utilized to observe the deformation and failure of the fabric, and to determine the residual projectile velocity. For normal incidence, the ballistic limit initially increases, then decreases with pre-tension, displaying a maximum resistance for a pre-tension of about 2000N. With respect to the angle of incidence (obliquity of impact), for target inclinations of 7.5° and 15°, pre-tension has minimal influence on the ballistic limit, while for an inclination of 30°, the effect of pre-tension on the ballistic limit is similar to that for normal impact.

Abstract: For the people living in the 21st century, whether the clothing and foods are healthy has become one of the hot topics. People are increasingly concerned about the aspects that involve human beings’ physical and mental health, such as low carbon, environmental protection, health and green issues. However, as the consumption subject of the contemporary era, the youngsters born in the 1980s and 1990s have higher requirements for the life styles and the low carbon and environment-friendly living and consumption concepts seem to better cater to their consumption views. Being one of the objects that are most closely related to people's health, clothing is badly related to people's health and environment. The paper will combine the writer's cognition about the low-carbon environment-friendly fabric and the strengths of such fabric and the contemporary consumers' consumption views to make a systematic elaboration about the development prospect of low-carbon and environment-friendly fabric.

Abstract: Three different types of PA66 uncoated airbag fabrics are selected, dynamic permeability and deformation are measured by dynamic air permeability testing measurement. Average dynamic air permeability and exponent of dynamic air permeability are used to describe dynamic permeability; bulging curve and biaxial strain/stress curve are used to describe deformation. Testing results showed great useful to airbag products.