Papers by Keyword: Fastener

Abstract: Fasteners are commonly used in construction industry for parts joining purpose. There are many types of construction fasteners such as stud, bolt, anchor, nut, screw, and washer. The major problem of the fastener made by carbon steel is the poor resistance to corrosion. Electroplating is a simple yet low-cost tool to give a strong corrosion protection coating layer on the carbon steel. This study was performed to investigate the effect of current and deposition time on the iron triad (cobalt-nickel-iron) electroplating on the fastener washer. The experiment was conducted at 50 °C, pH 1-3 and at different electroplating time (30 minutes to 90 minutes) and current (0.2 A to 0.5 A). Burnt-out surface coating was observed on the fastener washer when the current was more than 0.4 A. A field test was carried out for 60 days to observe the corrosion behavior and performance of the products. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis showed that a thin protection layer with 5.64 µm was formed at 60 minutes of electroplating time and 0.4 A of current. The surface roughness of the fastener washer was increased by increasing the electroplating time and current. The hardness was also improved with higher current and electroplating time if compared to the original fastener washer. The result of this study confirmed that a strong adhesive corrosion resistant layer to the fastener washer was using the current of 0.4 A (77 mA/cm²) and the electroplating time of 60 minutes.

Abstract: This paper compares the stress and strain behaviour of mechanical fasteners and elastic adhesive connections in timber façade applications. Two common designs with timber cladding are introduced. The traditional façade planks and multilayer large-format solid wood panels were selected. The resistance of a reference façade section with mechanical fasteners or adhesive bond to wind suction is determined according to the recommendations of European guideline ETAG 034. The pressure/suction chamber allowing hermetic closure was used. The sample deformation was measured at 15 locations, this also allowed to determine the elongation of the adhesive layer at break. The failure loads reached with the adhesive joint exceeded 20 kN/m² in both combinations of façade cladding. On the other hand, the sample with a large-format panel and mechanical fasteners showed the lowest failure load at 12 kN/m². The results confirmed that bonded joints are a suitable solution for large-format cladding, whereas an increase in the number of mechanical fasteners will be a more convenient solution for façade plank applications.

Abstract: The possibilities of using composite materials for the modernization and repair of structures are considered. Based on a review of the sources of literature, it was concluded that the use of glue-pin combined connections is promising. For a combined transversal connection with one fastener, static and dynamic tests were performed on an Instron 1121 test bench. The loading was carried out with a normal force, pulling the fastener out the body of a polymer composite material. The analysis of experimental data is carried out, the fatigue curve is constructed.

Abstract: Wooden Composite is assembled with semi-circular waste wood by fastener, in order to provide local Indonesian affordable construction components potentially. Considering wooden composite, the withdrawal resistance affect the shear resistance ability under short-term lateral load, therefore withdrawal test is carried out in this study. The withdrawal test shows that steel nail and self-tapping screw work properly to attach each specimen when considering the assembly of wood composite. The observation results indicate different types of fasteners affect the test result significantly. For the fasteners connected with hardwood, the test result shows higher withdrawal resistance than softwood, both using self-tapping screw and steel nail. Based on the test results, there are 3 main failure modes that is concluded, which are fastener failure, material failure, and conditional failure. The test result of self–tapping screw also shows that this kind of fastener is able to withstand 3.5 times stronger than steel nail.

Abstract: For 7050-T7451 plate with the thickness of 16mm, ∅6 hi-bolts were installed with 0.11mm interference by electromagnetic riveting. Split-sleeve cold expansion was employed with 4% expansion. Combine joining of 4% expansion+0.11mm interference was carried out. The effect of strengthening was estimated from microstructure, stress and fatigue life. The results show that the microstructures are the same before and after strengthened. Along the installing direction, materials flow locate near the exit. Residual compressive stresses generate by strengthening process and gradually increase by the process of interference bolted joining, split-sleeve cold expansion and combine joining, within some diameter in the exit. The fatigue lives N₅₀ also gradually increase by the process of interference bolted joining, split-sleeve cold expansion and combine joining.

Abstract: Based on the working principle of the capacitive sensor, according to the requirements of deep hole diameter measuring, a capacitance probe sensor was designed, and then the design and type-selection of probe structure, cable inner structure to the capacitance probe sensor were done. At the same time, in order to overcome the measurement error caused by eccentricity, the capacitance sensor probe and inner hole of the corresponding fastener both are designed to a taper, taper positioning is relatively accurate positioning way. The design is to avoid the measurement position offset, and ensures the coaxality on the mechanical structure. The equipotential ring technology effectively overcomes the problem of edge effect of capacitance sensor, and makes the probe’s effective measurement electrode under the condition of limited long, can effectively guarantee the measure precision. By moving the capacitance probe in the hole to the different position, we will realize the deep hole diameter measurement in different cross section.

Abstract: In this paper, we deal with robust detection of defects that can occur on fastener heads peripheral side. In machine vision, the first necessary step is design good illumination system that can give image with good contrast between good and bad samples. In our case, it is difficult to devise such a god illumination system. First, we find the outer boundary of fastener head using binarization, connected component analysis and checking local distribution of intensity. Then four control points on outer boundary is chosen to ease finding the inner boundary of fastener head using polygon approximation and line fitting. Finally, decision can be done using two detected boundary points of fastener head.

Abstract: The work in this paper presents the effect of material and blank dimension on the dimensions ofexternal rolled threads. This paper will be helpful for the auto industry, one of the largest fastenersmarkets, that typically consumes between 2800 to 3100 fasteners in the assembly of an average familyvehicle. Externally threaded fasteners comprise the bulk of fasteners used in these applications withover 90% of being produced by thread rolling. The thread rolling process is now widelyacknowledged as the fastest and most efficient method of producing accurate external threads, withsurface finish and mechanical properties. The typical production rates are around one piece persecond. In order to ensure a perfect thread rolling process, it is important for blank of work piece to beproperly pre-machined. The size of the blank is dependent on material, surface finish, type of threadsetc. This paper describes the effect of blank material and dimensions on nominal diameter of externalrolled threads. The work has been carried out at M/s Gayatri Auto Industries on Master ReciprocatingDies Thread Rolling Machine using HSS die. Mild Steel (C 15), EN-8 (C40), and EN-47 (SpringSteel) materials have been taken as blank material for the analysis to produce M8x1.25 6g threads.The result indicates that the variation on surface roughness, carbon percentage and dimension of blankaffects significantly the nominal diameter and PCD of threads. This paper is helpful for theprofessionals to determine the accurate dimension of thread rolling blank for desired threads tominimize rejections.

Abstract: In order to analyze the damping effect of high-elastic damping fastener on rail transit viaduct, Ls Dyna software was use to analyze rail and viaduct vertical vibration under different fastener damping constant. Fasteners with no damping constant and different damping constant are built in finite element model with rail transit viaduct, and the acceleration simulation results of them are compared to find damping effect on rail transit viaduct vibration transmission. The results indicate that the damping characteristic can attenuate vibration produced by wheel rail impact, however as the fastener damping constant are only parts of the whole damping system of the rail transit viaduct, the damping constant is not as better as its increment. The paper attempts to provide advice for employment of damping fastener in excessive vibration region of urban mass transit.

Abstract: Computer aided design of the manufacturing technology for the fasteners is presented the paper. The particular objectives of the work were twofold. The first objective is evaluation of applicability of various materials for fasteners. Analysis of different technological variants is the second objective of the research. In the material part, bainitic steels are considered as an alternative for the commonly used carbon-manganese steels. This is a continuation of [1,2]. Possibility of elimination of the heat treatment was evaluated. Main features of the new generation of bainitic steels are discussed briefly in the paper. Rheological models for all steels investigated in the project were developed. The models were implemented into the finite element code for simulations of drawing and multi stage forging. Simulations of various variants of manufacturing chain were performed and the best alternative was selected. Criteria for the selection composed dimensional accuracy and tool life. Industrial trials were performed for the selected cycle and the efficiency of this cycle was evaluated. Finally, the optimization task was formulated. However, solution of the optimization problem is costly at this stage and improvement of the efficiency of the formulation will be the objective of further research. References 1. Kuziak R., Skóra M., Węglarczyk S., Paćko M., Pietrzyk M., Computer aided design of the manufacturing chain for fasteners, Computer Methods in Materials Science, 11, 2011, 243-250. 2. Kuziak R., Pidvysots’kyy V., Węglarczyk S., Pietrzyk M., Bainitic steels as alternative for conventional carbon-manganese steels in manufacturing of fasteners - simulation of production chain, Computer Methods in Materials Science, 11, 2011, 443 – 462.