Papers by Keyword: Film Morphology

Abstract: Polypyrrole films were electrodeposited under different high transverse electric fields, and their film morphologies and functionalities were investigated. The surface morphology at the initial polymerization stage was investigated under AFM and the cross sectional morphologies of fully grown films were investigated by SEM. Both these microscopic investigations revealed the film morphology has been influenced by the applied transverse field. The cyclic voltammetry tests illustrate a reduction in the anodic peak voltage with the increase of transverse field. All these results suggest that the polymer electro-polymerized under a transverse high transverse electric field has some degree of pre-orientation compared to the films synthesized without a transverse electric field.

Abstract: TiO2 films with three-dimensional web-like structure have been prepared by the photo polymerization-induced phase separation method (PIPS). Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the as-prepared TiO2 films. The results showed that the film texture could be tuned by changing the composition of the precursor solution. The TiO2 film with web-like structure exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye. The as-prepared films were used as the photo-anodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the DSCs was significantly enhanced by changing the POGTA/TTB in the precursor solution. Because of the increased dye adsorption active sites and efficient electron transport in the TiO2 anode film, a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 3.015% was obtained.

Abstract: Using cation amino polysiloxane emulsion(ASE) and anion carboxyl polysiloxane emulsion (CSE) as materials, mixing ASE and CSE together to self-assemble or aggregate by electrostatic interaction, supramolecular compound emulsion (ASE-CSE) was formed. TEM and particle size analyzer observation showed that the particle of ASE-CSE is sphericity, and its particle diameter is bigger than that of mono-composition emulsion and has single-peak distribution. SEM, atomic force microscope (AFM) and other instruments detections indicated that the ASE-CSE possesses good form-film property. The ASE-CSE film on the silicon wafer is very rough. There are many islands or peaks package on the film surface. The average thickness of the film is 12.45nm, and it is about 7.1 times as against ASE. With the ASE-CSE film, the stripes or grooves on the fiber surface is weakened or disappeared. And the surface is smoother than that of the control sample. In addition, the contact angle of the cotton fabric treated by ASE-CSE is 86.5°. This reveals that the ASE-CSE film brings fiber fabric from hydrophile to hydrophobe.

Abstract: A novel polysiloxane (PSA-PFMS) fabric finishing agent, bearing pendant stearyl acrylate, polyether, epoxy and trifluoropropyl side groups, etc., was synthesized by hydrosilylation of polytrifluoropropylhydromethylsiloxane (PFHMS), stearyl acrylate (SA), allylpolyoxyethylene ether (PEO) and allylglyeidyl ether (AGE). The chemical structure of PSA-PFMS was characterized by infrared spectrum (IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). Film morphology and molecular orientation of PSA-PFMS on silicon wafer substrate surface were observed by atomic force microscope (AFM). Results show that PSA-PFMS can form an inhomogeneous and hydrophobic polysiloxane film with rough, scraggly and microscopic phase separation structures. All of these suggest that the molecular orientation of PSA-PFMS is in such a manner that the stearyl acrylate groups, trifluoropropyl and silicon methyl groups project outward into air, while polyether and Si-O dipole bonds point to the silicon wafer substrate surface. Owing to this highly rough and microscopic phase-separated hydrophobic film and its tight link with fabric, the treated fabrics are altered from hydrophile to hydrophobe with water contact angle of 129.2° and possess favorable washing endurance with WCA of 106.7° after 20 times of standard soaping procedure.

Abstract: A novel polysiloxane bearing (N,N)-dimethyl-γ-aminopropyl-γ-aminopropyl side groups(ASO-2) was synthesized by copolymerization of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane with (N,N)-dimethyl-γ-aminopropyl-γ-aminopropyl methyl dimethoxysilane and hexamethyldisiloxane. Chemical structure, film morphology and the softening fabric property of ASO-2 were characterized and investigated by IR, 1H-NMR, SEM, atomic force microscope(AFM) and Kawabata evaluation system(KES).The experiment results indicate that ASO-2 can form a hydrophobic film on both the cotton fiber and silicon wafer surface. The ASO-2 film relatively exhibits a non-homogeneous structure and uneven morphology in its AFM images. Consequently, in 2 μm2 scanning field, the root mean square roughness of ASO-2 film reaches to 0.226 nm, which is 2.69 times rougher as compared with that of N-β-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyl polysiloxane (ASO-1) film. Application experiments indicate though the tactile of ASO-2 imparted on 100% cotton is somewhat rougher than that of ASO-1, the whiteness and wettability of the cotton treated by ASO-2 are better than those by ASO-1.

Abstract: In order to research the adhesion of sputtering protective coating of Gd. Gd substrates were differently coated with 1Cr18Ni9Ti, Ti, Cu and Al by means of DC magnetron sputtering technology. The characteristics of the films were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), EDS, and the adhesions of films were tested by tension test. The results show that the films of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, Ti and Al are smooth and perfect, the interferences between 1Cr18Ni9Ti, Ti, Al and Gd join together strongly, and the average strength of adhesion is 25MPa in these tests on the optimize parameters. While the films of Cu are rough and bad, the interferences between Cu and Gd join together loosely, and the largest strength of adhesion is only 3.02MPa in these tests on the optimize parameters.