Papers by Keyword: Fixed Carbon

Abstract: This study presents a comparative analysis of coal quality obtained from two different coal deposits in Nigeria: Ankpa, Mamu formation, Anambra Basin in Kogi State, and Chikila, Guyuk Local Government, Adamawa State. The primary goal was to evaluate the fuel quality and elemental composition of coal from these regions to determine their suitability for various industrial applications. Samples from both locations underwent X-ray fluorescence (XRF) for chemical composition analysis and proximate analysis to assess moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, and fixed carbon levels. The findings revealed significant differences in the chemical and physical properties of the coal from the two locations. Ankpa coal exhibited higher fixed carbon (49.5%) and calorific value (5600 kcal/kg), making it more suitable for industrial applications such as power generation and metallurgical processes. In contrast, Chikila coal had lower fixed carbon (37%) and calorific value (5400 kcal/kg), indicating a lower energy potential. The study concludes that Ankpa coal is more appropriate for energy generation, while Chikila coal may have specialized uses due to its mineral composition. The results contribute to better decision-making regarding coal utilization in Nigeria’s energy and industrial sectors.

Abstract: The combustion behavior of fixed carbon in supercritical water was explored by a batch reactor. Effects of reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, time, oxygen stoichiometric ratio and stirring rate were investigated. Fixed carbon was difficult to burn out, even if in a harsh condition the conversion of fixed carbon was only 51%. It is determined that for the temperature below 450°C, the process of oxidation was limited by the reaction rate between oxygen and particle surface. For the temperature above 550°C, the rate of oxygen mass transfer to the particle surface was the rate-limiting step. In the transition zone of temperature, surface reaction was comparable to mass transfer in limiting reaction rate. Only trace amount of carbon monoxide was produced at 500°C, and no carbon monoxide was detected at 600°C.