Papers by Keyword: Float Glass

Abstract: A series of simple and laminated glass tests were carried out under laboratory conditions at the Klokner Institute. The test specimens comprised panes made from float glass with dimensions of 1.1 x 0.36 m. The paper contains experimentally determined characteristic values of flexural strength and estimated design values related to commonly used glass.

Abstract: Float glass production line of a company, for example, cleaner production audit analysis. For glass production process, the the process sewage node and pollutants governance status quo, analysis of the clean production levels of the glass production process on the basis of material balance, and found the opportunity of clean production, float glass production, energy conservation, energy, pollution reduction and efficiency as a starting point, the glass production process cleaner production.

Abstract: In order to study dynamic mechanical properties of float glass under blast and ballistic/fragmentation impacts, the curves of stress- strain are obtained in higher ranges by using the modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) techniques. Experimental results indicate that float glass is nonlinear elastic-brittle materials, and its dynamic curves of stress-strain are nonlinear and can be divided into three stages: elastic, nonlinear strengthening and stress drop. The dynamic Young’s modulus and the dynamic compressive strength of float glass increase with the increasing of strain rate. Finally, an explanation was given according to principle of energy equilibrium of Griffith.

Abstract: In the paper, a series of Na2O-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 system glasses following similar compositions to the soda-lime-silicate float glasses and possessing more excellent physi-chemical properties were prepared with different Al2O3/SiO2 ratio. The structure of glasses have been studied by IR and density tests. The investigation of Al2O3/SiO2 on the performance was carried out by bending strength tests, linear dilatometry and chemical durability tests in aqueous and alkaline environment. The results showed that the number of no bridging oxygens decreased with increasing the Al2O3/SiO2 ratio, the glass network structure and density increased, which leading to enhance the bending strength, thermo-stability and chemical durability of glass.

Abstract: To optimize production technology of oxy-fuel float glass, a series of float glass with lower sulphate contents and 1%~5% carbon contents in glass batch were prepared under simulated oxy-fuel melting conditions. Infrared spectroscopy，thermal dilatometer and microscope were used to study water content and its state in glass melts, the change of coefficient of thermal expansion of glass, the glass softening temperature and transition temperature, and the number of bubbles in glass, respectively. The results show that the change of carbon content will slightly changes the water content, thermo properties of glass and the number of bubbles in glass. With the increase of carbon content, the coefficient of thermal expansion and the water content of glass generally decrease, while the number of bubbles, the softening temperature and the glass transition temperature increase. When the content of sulphate is 2%, the glass with 2% carbon content has the biggest water content and the best fining effect.

Abstract: In-line oxygen sensors have been developed for the glass melt and for the float bath. Glass melt oxygen sensors are used for the continuous monitoring of the oxidation state (or redox) of the glass melt and are very important for the control of many glass melt and glass product properties such as radiative heat transfer, fining, foaming, forming and optical characteristics. Too high oxygen levels in the float bath can be prevented by using both oxygen sensors in the tin melt and the atmosphere above it. Oxygen related defects on the glass sheet surface such as dross, tin pick-up, bloom and tin drips are reduced or even prevented. Moreover, expensive hydrogen gas can be saved by a more effective dosage.

Abstract: Knowledge on diffusion of water in glasses and melts is important for glass sciences as well as for Earth sciences. The ranges of water contents differ widely in both research domains. Industrial glass contain typically less than 0.1 wt% H2O whereas natural glasses may even contain up to 10 wt% H2O. Dissolved water strongly modifies physical and chemical properties of the melts and, hence, water diffusion studies at low water contents often cannot be transferred to high water contents and vice versa. Pressure effect on water diffusion, on the other hand, is small so that high pressure data can be applied also at ambient pressure without significant error. At low water contents the assumption of constant water diffusivity is often justified whereas at high water contents the H2O diffusivity increases strongly (often linearly or exponentially) with water content. Combining experimental data over a wide range of water contents allows getting deeper understanding of the mechanisms of water diffusion and of the effect of dissolved water on melt structure. In this paper an overview is given on experimental investigations on water diffusivity in aluminosilicate and silicate systems. Effects of base compositions and water content on water diffusivities are discussed. New experimental results for water diffusion in soda lime silica glass, float glass and borosilicate glass are presented.

Abstract: Glass can be considered to be a high-technology engineering material with a multifunctional potential for structural applications. However, the conventional approach to the use of glass is often based only on its properties of transparency and isolation. It is thus highly appropriate and necessary to study the mechanical behaviour of this material and to develop adequate methods and models leading to its characterisation. It is evident that the great potential of growth for structural glass applications is an important opportunity of development for the glass industry and the building/construction sectors. The work presented in this paper is a reflection of this conclusion. The authors shortly present the state-of-the-art on the application of glass as a structural element in building and construction, and refer to other potential fields of application and available glass materials. The experimental procedures and methods adopted in three-point bending tests performed on 500 × 100 [mm2] float, laminated and tempered glass specimens with thicknesses between 4 and 19 mm are thoroughly described. The authors evaluated the mechanical strength and stiffness of glass for structural applications. This work contributes to a deeper knowledge of the properties of this material.