Papers by Keyword: Flow

Abstract: The main objective of this study is to optimize the reverse osmosis process in order to ensure the potabilization of water from the Oued Oum Er-Rbia, by determining the most influential parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply daily PCA-based monitoring on Oued Oum Er-Rbia’s raw water to optimize membrane operation under Moroccan field conditions.To better understand the interactions between quality and hydraulic parameters influencing membrane performance, data were collected from Oued Oum Er-Rbia over multiple seasons. The parameters monitored included turbidity, salinity, temperature, and Silt Density Index (SDI), all known to affect fouling and pretreatment requirements.

Abstract: In the comparative study of single mixed PVA fiber (0,1%, 2%, 3%) and basalt fiber (0,0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%) on the polymer mortar fluidity and mechanical properties, the results show that: PVA fiber and basalt fiber under the appropriate amount can improve mortar water retention, basically will not appear water phenomenon, which makes the construction more convenient. When the basalt and PVA fibers were 0.2%, the 28-d folding resistance was 5.60 MPa and 5.72 MPa, respectively. The results of the compressive strength test showed the same pattern as the folding strength. When the amount of PVA and basalt fiber was 0.2%, the 28-d folding strength was the greatest, which is 44.91 MPa and 41.92 MPa, respectively.

Abstract: The main objective of this article is to demonstrate the importance and necessity of applying amorphous gabions around the pillars of the continental bridge, to counteract the impact of scour. For the development of the research, the local scour that occurs in the pillars of the Continental Bridge (Madre de Dios, Peru) was calculated, analyzed and compared for return periods of 100 and 500 years; The Hec Ras software was used to perform the hydraulic modeling. The development of the article was accomplished by compiling scour calculation methodologies, such as the Colorado State University (CSU) method. Additionally, it was possible to reach the conclusion that, when working with the CSU method, more real values ​​are obtained in terms of local scour.

Abstract: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) [1] was invented more than 100 years ago from its first invention in 1908 by Japanese biochemist Kikunae Ikeda, who was trying to isolate and duplicate the savory taste of kombu, an edible seaweed used as a base for many Japanese soups. From 2016, most MSG worldwide is produced by bacterial fermentation in a process similar to making vinegar or yogurt. Sodium is added later, for neutralization. During fermentation, Corynebacterium species, cultured with ammonia and carbohydrates from sugar beets, sugarcane, tapioca (cassava tuber) or molasses, excrete amino acids into a culture broth from which L-glutamate is isolated. In this process, Monosodium Glutamate companies buy cassava [2] pulps from farmers that contain a lot of sand and impurities. In order to increase the productivity with lowest expense, the filtration of sand and solid impurities’ is performed by separation cyclone. In this paper, we study all the measure to design a system of effective pump, cyclone to extract as much as possible all of solid impurities included sand out of cassava slurry before providing to the bacterial fermentation in a process.

Abstract: Pavement failures such as fatigue, rutting, cracking, bleeding, and stripping are typical pavement deterioration. Researchers have been experimenting with pavement modification to overcome these problems. This study determines the optimum binder content (OBC) for modifying an asphalt mixture with a partial replacement of coarse aggregate (5mm-14mm sieve size) with palm kernel shell (PKS). A 60/70 penetration grade bitumen was mixed with 10, 20 and 30% PKS at selected aggregate gradation following the Public Work Department of Malaysia (JKR/SPJ/2008-S4) specification. The preparation of 60 samples of unmodified and modified asphalt mixture employed the Marshall Method compacted with 75 blows. The OBC was determined based on five volumetric properties of asphalt mixture namely stability, flow, bulk density, void filled with asphalt, and void in total mix. The OBC and volumetric properties of the modified PKS asphalt mixture samples were compared with unmodified asphalt mixture samples in accordance to the specification. Results showed that the OBC sample with 30% aggregate replacement produced the highest OBC value of 5.53% relative to the control sample with 5.40% OBC. The trend for OBC with PKS replacement begins with 10% PKS with 5.30% OBC, 20% PKS with 5.32% OBC and 30% PKS. All volumetric properties of the PKS samples are within the specification limit. Thus, PKS has a promising potential as a coarse aggregate replacement in asphalt mixture.

Abstract: In this work, we study the influence of temperature on the mechanical behavior of an amorphous polymer, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene "ABS", based on a series of uniaxial tensile tests on smooth specimens at different temperatures.The results obtained show that the failure of the studied material (ABS) depends strongly on the temperature. Indeed, two zones have been identified: industrial zone T<Tg and thermoforming zone T>Tg (Tg is the glass transition temperature of ABS material).In the industrial zone, we conducted a study of the experimental and theoretical damage via the model of the unified theory. The comparison showed a good agreement concerning the acceleration of the damage process as the temperature increases. In the thermoforming zone, we adopted the same methods to follow the process of flow as a function of the temperature increase. Likewise, we compared theoretical and experimental values which in turn showed a good match. Different stages have been determined in each separate zone, that allows to predict the moment of the critical damage or flow and therefore to intervene in time for a predictive maintenance.

Abstract: This paper presents the current state of the conception of a magnetic drive micropump, different necessary constructive-technological and functional considerations, 3D modeling using parametric design, main geometric elements of the gears with helical teeth, specific calculations needed to determine the forces loads on the gears and a printed prototype of its model. Researches conducted from an actual micropump version in use led us to the design of an innovative variant, represented by a constructive solution with a driving gear and two driven gears. This ensures the possibility of displacing a fluid mixed of two compatible fluids, but also balancing the loads that appear in the gear mesh during the micropump's operation. This constructive solution is conceived for the size reduction of the pumping installation, for a good homogenization of the two mixed fluids, for an increased reliability of the micropump by reducing wear of moving components in contact, for a reduced noise and vibration.

Abstract: The aim of the paper is to evaluate numerical analysis of the fluid flow during the outflow from vessel orifices at various locations. The problems of the outflow velocities and pressure fields were well-chosen for the given purposes. The selected fluid flow problems were solved by numerical simulation using FEM in ANSYS. For numerical simulation, we used the basic steps to design an abstract model in the ANSYS virtual environment. Numerical simulation requires a geometric model complemented by physical properties of flowing fluids as well as both the initial and boundary conditions. It is then possible to calculate the velocity and pressure fields by numerical simulation for a particular fluid type. The results obtained from the numerical simulation were compared with those of the analytical solution. The results obtained from modeling and numerical simulation correspond to the actual values ​​with minimum deviations. The demonstrated type of the problem solved by numerical simulation and modeling confirmed the advantages and possibilities of flexible solutions for any combination of problems in the field of ​​fluid dynamics. Modeling and numerical simulation of fluid flow can provide results regarding the speed and the pressure fields in vessels and pipelines.

Abstract: Solidification of alloys in a thermal gradient usually involves the generation of flows by thermal or thermosolutal convection. We experimentally study their effects on the dynamics of a solidification interface by inducing a controlled sweeping flow in a directional solidification device. Flow is induced in the sample from an external thermosiphon. Downstream inclination of microstructures and downstream sidebranch development are observed. However, the major outcome is the evidence of large scale travelling waves on the solidification interface. They are induced by the coupling between solidification and flow and yield repetitive striations of the solid phase. Two waves are observed and characterized.

Abstract: In this paper, the flow characteristics of a lightweight formed magnesia composite usingsuper absorbent polymer as base material for biological panels were evaluated. The experimentalparameters were evaluated with respect to the flow of the mortar according to the water binder ratio(W/B), the volume ratio of fine aggregate (Vs/Vm), the amount of foaming agent (FM) and theamount of super absorbent polymer (SAP). Statistical analysis was performed on the flow obtainedthrough the experiment and the influence coefficient on the flow quality was obtained. The flowquality prediction model equation of the magnesia composite is proposed through the obtainedinfluence coefficient. The proposed model equation shows that the experimental and predicted valuesare over 90%.