Papers by Keyword: Foaming

Abstract: This study investigates the morphological, structural, and bioactive properties of strontium-doped bioactive glass (Sr-BG) and copper-strontium-doped bioactive glass (Cu-Sr-BG) scaffolds to enhance their potential for biomedical applications. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that both Sr-BG and Cu-Sr-BG scaffolds feature smooth, highly porous surface morphologies with interconnected pores (120–150 µm) created using a foaming agent. This pore network facilitates cell attachment and proliferation. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis confirmed the preservation of the silica network, with characteristic Si–O–Si bending and stretching peaks remaining consistent after Cu doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that both scaffolds retained an amorphous structure, with Cu doping successfully incorporated without disrupting this feature. Both Sr-BG and Cu-Sr-BG scaffolds exhibited excellent bioactivity, forming an apatite layer on their surfaces after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), indicating strong potential for bone tissue engineering applications. These findings suggest that Sr-and Cu-doped bioactive glass scaffolds possess promising characteristics for promoting cell attachment and osteoconductivity, positioning them as viable candidates for future biomedical applications in bone regeneration

Abstract: The article discusses the peculiarities of the "water-glass – glycerol" foaming mixture components interaction during foam glass synthesis. The important role of the foaming additive type in the foam glass porous structure formation was described, the main foaming substances were listed. The obtaining and researching technology of the samples was described, the compositions of the initial batches using the "water-glass – glycerol" mixture were developed. It was shown that a material with a highly porous structure and density below 500 kg/m³ can be obtained only with the combined introduction of water-glass and glycerol. In this case, mixtures with a predominance of water-glass in the foaming mixture possess optimal properties. Using DSC, it was shown that the addition of water-glass to the mixture completely eliminates the evaporation of glycerol at lower temperatures and intensifies its combustion at higher temperatures. Thus, the addition of water-glass to the glycerol-based foam glass batch allows glycerol to be saved up to higher temperatures that increases the resulting material porosity.

Abstract: In this paper, the extruded precursors were prepared by Powder compact method (PCM),with two different powder AlSi10 or pure Al mixed foaming agent ZrH₂ or TiH₂, then they were foamed to fill the hollow part. L9 (3³) orthogonal test was planned, including three factors, furnace temperature; foaming time; and arrangement mode. The results indicated that the pore structure were effectively improved through adjusting the arrangement mode of precursors. The specimens have been obtained the homogeneous foam expansion when the AlSi10-TiH₂ agent were arranged on the top while AlSi10-ZrH₂ agent precursors at the bottom in the hollow, and foamed 14 min~16 min at 800 °C

Abstract: The foaming and nucleation and growth mechanism of soybean oil-based polyurethane (SPU) were determined by the degree of hydrogen bonding, and isocyanate groups. New types of SPU were prepared by the different NCO/OH molar ratio (isocyanate index) from 1.0 to 2.0 in a soy polyol/polyether polyol (MDI) system. Foaming and nucleation and growth mechanisms of SPU were studied by fluorescence microscope (FM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). It indicated that the isocyanate index affected remarkably the velocity of foaming and the critical nucleation radius of SPU and the ester functional group increased with the increase of isocyanate index. The nucleation and growth phase transition were dominated by the diffusion controlled nucleation and isocyanate content was the key factor of foam formation.

Abstract: The composition of the molten iron is complex because V-Ti ore is added in the blast furnace of Shuicheng Steel Corp. The physical and chemical property of the complex hot metal containing V and Ti, the steel slag from the complex hot metal were researched. The mechanism of foaming performance in slag and dephosphorization in melting slag process were clarified. And on this basis, the optimization of complex molten iron in converter process was carried and the effect was obvious.

Abstract: In the conditions of the modern industry, manufacturing the main materials and products is more estimated in the parameters characterizing the quantity of the formed waste. A progressive tendency in material-intensive branches is transformation of industrial wastes into the raw materials suitable for industrial use. It refers completely to the ashes of thermal power stations (TPS) and state district power stations (SDPS).

Abstract: The effects of mole ratio of formaldehyde and melamine (F/M), solution pH, reaction temperature and time on the foaming melamine-formaldehyde resin (MF resin) with caprolactam as modifier were investigated by orthogonal experiment design where the solid content and the viscosity of the resin, the density and the size uniformity of the foam resin were used as performance evaluation parameters. The results had shown that the optimal conditions for preparing the foaming MF resin were F/M= 3.25, pH=8.0, T=90°C, t=45min. The MF resin prepared under the optimal conditions could be foamed well and its storage time was prolonged to 16 days. The structure and thermal properties of MF resin under the optimal conditions were investigated.

Abstract: New type of foamed gypsum-based material is described. Lightweight material, prepared from the gypsum as a main binder and hydrated lime as a secondary binder was foamed by the aluminum powder. The materials with the bulk density about 650 kg.m^-3, compressive strength about 1 MPa and thermal conductivity 0,22 W.m^-1.K^-1 were prepared. Basic physical, mechanical, thermal and water vapor properties were investigated.

Abstract: Iron tailings are mineral wastes obtained from industrial processing and magnetic separation of iron ore. A type of superplasticizer with high water reducing rate and early strength gaining property is characterized in this study. The influence of admixtures, i.e. superplasticizer, early strength agent and accelerating agent, on the mechanical strength, setting and hardening time of foam concrete containing iron tailings has been investigated. Further, the microstructure of foam concrete is observed. This study demonstrates high-strength foam concrete with excellent thermal insulation property can be prepared using iron tailings, cement, fly ash, silica fume, polypropylene fiber, superplasticizer, early strength agent, accelerating agent and foaming agent, which develops a new route for the comprehensive utilization of iron tailings.

Abstract: Andalusite can be used to produce porous refractory with the method of foaming and its properties are very good. The bulk density can be controlled by the quantity of foam easily. The compressive strength can reach almost 9 Mpa (1.0g/cm³). The expansion transmit by pores, the remianing andalusite and the transverse growing of mullite crystal are all good for the stabilization of sample during heating. The agglomeration of foam is bad for foaming slurry while stiring, so one way to well-distribute the pores is enhancing the strength of foams. Andalusite can prolong the lifetime of refractory.