Papers by Keyword: Framework

Abstract: Solar PV sizing is the process of determining the quantity and capacity of solar PV system components to meet a given energy demand. This process is needed to ensure that the components are not undersized resulting in insufficient energy or oversized increasing the system cost. This study has reviewed seven solar PV sizing frameworks currently in use in the market including intuitive frameworks, numerical, and analytical frameworks. However, these frameworks have neglected some key adaptability factors unique to off-grid areas such as the ability of the household to pay, the roofing structure, and the ability of the system to be relocated. This neglect has seen development of solar PV systems that are beyond the budget of most households in off-grid areas and with specifications that technically inhibit their effective use in the off-grid setup. Therefore, for enhanced adaptability, there is need to develop a new solar PV sizing framework that considers the unique adaptability factors of off grid areas. This study identified these unique adaptability factors and categorized them as economic, technical, location and mobility factors. The study further investigated how these factors influence the size of a solar PV system and revealed that economic, factors of income and system cost play a major role in sizing an adaptable solar PV system. Demand as a technical factor was also found to significantly influence the system size while temperature and irradiation as location factors were found to be significant when comparing systems that need to be used in different geographical areas. Mobility factors such system type was revealed to influence the adaptation of the PV system in nomadic setups. Through the modification of the existing numerical sizing framework, these adaptability factors were integrated in the sizing process within the context of this study. It was established that by integrating these factors, the resultant PV systems were more adaptable to off-grid areas in terms of cost, mobility, durability and reliability.

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the role of concurrent engineering (CE) towards managing design changes (DCs) during the architectural design process (ADP). To achieve this aim, a mixed research approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods was designed to accomplish four objectives. Firstly, the literature review investigated ADP, causes and impacts of DCs and CE. Secondly, three case studies of construction projects from Finland, China and Indonesia were collected and analysed to validate the identified causes and impacts of DCs and examine the role of CE towards managing DCs during ADP. Thirdly, a survey questionnaire was conducted with a representative sample of Architectural Design Firms (ADFs) in Egypt to assess their perception and application of CE as an approach for managing DCs during ADP. Based on the above, the research developed and validated a framework to manage DCs by integrating CE into ADP. Data analysis showed that the “Inability of clients and end-users to comprehend and explain the project requirements due to lack of technical knowledge” and “Inability of clients and end-users to accept advice and guidance” were ranked the highest influential causes of design changes (CDCs). In addition, the “Nature of the traditional procurement approach” and “Insufficient support from the senior management” were ranked the highest challenges of integrating CE in ADFs. These findings informed the research and helped in the development of the proposed framework, which represents a novel and creative synthesis that adds value to knowledge in a way that has not previously occurred.

Abstract: Knowledge is essential for early flood warning as it can save life and property. This paper presents a novel knowledge-based framework based on rainfall, river water level, sediment, cloud distance and cloud strength that contributes to flood in Malaysia as the criteria in the AHP for Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDM). AHP caters complex decisions during flood events in uncertainty condition and provides fast decision making. The proposed framework is applied to the Bernam River Basin dataset located in Selangor, Malaysia. The framework is expected to produce early flood warning to the public.

Abstract: Reliable execution platform software projects is currently used Developer Framework. This is not so for ORM, or similar solutions. It is complex system which satisfies all specified requirements. The basic idea of the whole framework is the creation of generic mainstream forms and direct modifications without having to build the application itself.

Abstract: We present a direct soft templating method to synthesise mesoporous tin dioxide network that maintains a porous structure after calcination at 400 °C and 500 °C and has a relatively high BET surface area of 220 and 100 m² g^-1, respectively. TEM, BET and XRD results confirm that both crystal and pore sizes increase as a result of increasing the temperatures during the calcination step. This method is highly reproducible.

Abstract: In the contemporary dentistry the highly esthetic prosthetic restorations are readily achievable knowing the patient's expectations, communicating effectively with the dental technician and selecting appropriate materials and technologies. One of the important factors that influence the ceramic resistance in the metal-ceramic restorations is the design of the framework. A design of the framework that provides support for cusps may therefore be advantageous in preventing the fracture of the plating ceramics. The outer geometry of the metal-ceramic restorations is strongly defined by anatomical and physiological circumstances. Although a change in the framework design does not necessarily affect the external form of the restoration, a thicker frame automatically implies a thinner layer of veneering and vice versa.In this study we present a series of clinical cases in which we have used different techniques for modeling the wax patterns of the future metal structure according to several clinical features. There are presented techniques for obtaining the layouts for the metallic structures of partial or total esthetic metal-ceramic restorations, dental supported or implant supported, classic techniques and innovative techniques that allow previewing the final aspect of restoration and the transfer of clinical data for a highly functional prosthesis.The wax patterns are exact copies of future prosthetic parts, so should be done with great care. The ergonomics had made place also at this level currently existing a multitude of techniques and materials that facilitate the dental technician’s work.

Abstract: Based on the analysis of the evaluation indexes of high sustainable buildings in the developed countries, the evaluation index system of high resilient and sustainable buildings against multi-hazards are established. The decision framework of multi-hazard sustainable buildings is designed in three layers, which integrates the group decision-making theory, the optimization algorithm and the information management technology. It has the important significance for the decision mechanism of multi-hazard sustainable buildings.

Abstract: In this paper, based on the analysis of ordinary visual modeling method, with the purpose of instantly and conveniently providing a more effective modeling method, a visual modeling method based on .NET is proposed. The visual modeling method based on .NET is easier to implement, because of the. NET design environment support. Besides, its interactivity and strong operability make software develop more conveniently.

Abstract: The planning of air cargo logistics is a complex endeavor that involves the collaboration of multiple logistics agents to deliver shipments in a timely, safe, and economic manner. Airfreight forwarders coordinate and manage shipments for their clients, and with the development of Internet logistics platforms, airfreight forwarders can now trade jobs and resources with other participants effectively. The incorporation of trading alternatives significantly complicates the shipment planning process. This study proposes a dynamic decision framework for air cargo shipment planning, within the dynamic environment of bidding and trading. The framework has three phases: estimation, trading, and execution.

Abstract: Proposed construction of the main water-saving society, including government, business (market), social organizations and the general public. Government is the central subject of water-saving society, the enterprise (market) is the body of the efficiency, social organization is the body of the welfare, the public is the foundation subject. By analyzing the operating mechanism of multiple subjects, we can find multiple subjects of water-saving social organization presents network, rather than bureaucracy, according to their nature need to play different roles complement each other, to participate, to construct the corresponding organizational system. From the current practice of water-saving society, the government needs to gradually change its functions, build a government-led water-saving society service system to create a good ambience for the growth and function of other actors.