Papers by Keyword: Glass Substrate

Abstract: A complex ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄ heterostructures thin films on glass and Si (111) substrates have been successively obtained by a soft ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method deposition using the Zn/Al molar ratios concentrations of 0.07/0.13 and 0.1/0.1, respectively. According to (XRD) an ordered zinc oxide (ZnO) and zinc aluminate (ZnAl₂O₄) structures deposited onto glass from the air annealing at 500 °C during 2 hours was observed and confirmed by the (EDX), (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The estimated crystallites size and stress values of ZnO and ZnAl₂O₄ in the ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄/glass film were 19 nm/0.469 GPa and 11 nm/-0.292 GPa, respectively. The lower Zn/Al molar ratio around 0.035/0.06 produced only ZnO as a single phase, suggesting the Al insufficient quantity. The Si (100) substrate with 0.07 Zn molarity conducted to the Zn₂SiO₄/ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄ composite. The Raman integrated intensity bands of ZnO and ZnAl₂O₄ increases with increasing Zn to Al molar ratio (0.1/0.1 comparatively to 0.07/0.13). The ZnO&ZnAl₂O₄ crystallinity enhances as Zn molarity increases. The ZnO films in the composites grow with (002) texture. The TC(hkl) value indicated that ZnAl₂O₄ in the ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄/glass layer is polycrystalline preferentially oriented along the (311) plane. Spinel ZnAl₂O₄ oxide onto Si (111) substrate grown according to the (220) orientation. Crystallites are larger in ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄/Si than in ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄/glass. The ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄ film onto glass substrate is transparent in the visible and near infrared regions and sensitive to UV absorption, as characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The ZnO and ZnAl₂O₄ E_g values in the ZnO/ZnAl₂O₄/glass composite were 3.25 and 3.88 eV, respectively.

Abstract: In this study, the LCA assessment model of CML was employed to analyze the environmental burden caused by the production of glass substrates, and the evaluation of the environmental performance of five stages of preparation of ingredients, including glass melting, precision clarification, overflow molding and post process, was also conducted. The results show that the global warming potential is the dominant impact category in the comprehensive environmental burden with a normalized value of 4.64×10^-14, followed by the acidification potential (2.57×10^-14), photochemical oxidation potential (2.82×10^-15). And the relative contribution of abiotic depletion potential and human toxicity to the comprehensive environmental burden is rather limited, with the normalized values of 8.31×10^-17 and 1.21×10^-16, respectively. The single score of environmental impact due to the whole production system is 2.37×10^-13, wherein the environmental impact values of the processes of preparation of ingredients, glass melting, precision clarification, overflow molding, and post are 1.07×10^-15, 9.10×10^-14 (highest), 2.26×10^-14, 7.36×10^-14, and process 4.90×10^-14, respectively. The preparation of the batch, the glass melting, the overflow molding and the post process mainly cause the environmental effects of global warming potential and acidification potential, the cumulative values of which are 1.13×10^-13 and 9.01×10^-14, respectively. The precision clarification stage mainly causes the environmental effect of acidification potential, the value of which is 2.02×10^-14 and much higher than those of other environmental impact categories.

Abstract: To investigate the mechanism of crack initiation in the glass substrate, residual stress in the substrate was analyzed by the finite element method (FEM). A Si wafer that has the same mechanical properties of glass was prepared as the substrate. The thin Cu film layer was fabricated on the Si wafer by plating. The warpage of the wafer in the heat treatment process was investigated by laser displacement measurement. Residual stress was calculated by the obtained warpage value using the Stoney formula. It was found that the warpage becomes zero and the stress-free state occurs around at 150°C. On the basis of the FEM analysis result from 150°C to the room temperature in the cooling process, it was found that analyzed warpage values are almost analogous to measured ones. Also, it was confirmed that equivalent stress in the wafer in the vicinity of the Cu/Si interface increases and the stress-concentrated area expands there with increasing the thickness of the Cu film. The results indicates that crack initiation easily occurs in the glass substrate when the thickness of the Cu film increases. Moreover, from the results of the FEM analysis for the warpage of the wafer in the heating process, it was found that the analyzed warpage is good accordance with the measured one from room temperature to around 150°C.

Abstract: The growth of zinc oxide nanowires is further investigated by thermal evaporation method and is discussed with respect to vapour-solid (V-S) growth mechanism. In this paper, ZnO nanowires were synthesized on glass substrate without the use of any catalyst with a constant flow of argon gas 1.36 psig and oxygen gas of 0.34 psig. Zinc powder of 99.99% purity is placed in a horizontal furnace and exposed to temperature of 600°C for 90 minutes. The surface morphology of the deposited zinc oxide is investigated by the atomic force microscopy (AFM) images and it was found that the deposited ZnO has a rough surface while field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirms the morphology of the ZnO nanowires. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra indicate that the optical quality of the deposited structure is potentially excellent with high energy excitonic emission close to the band edge which is assigned to the surface exciton in ZnO at 3.4eV.

Abstract: A Tungsten oxide (WO₃) film on top of a glass substrate had been successfully constructed. The immobilization of tungsten oxide was performed using spray-deposition method. The precursor volume was varied as 5 mL, 10 mL and 25 mL. Characterization using XRD and SEM yield that precursor volume influence the quality of the film. It was found that the good uniform film was obtained using precursor volume 5 mL and 10 mL. The crack which was resulted from non-uniformity of the film appear when the precursor film was 25 mL.

Abstract: Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) has been used to study the surface properties of TiO2 nanocoated glass surface at atomic level. TiO2 nanocoated glass surface was prepared by synthesis of titanium butoxide (TTiB) as precursor and was then deposited on glass surface via spin-coating technique. The AFM details studied of TiO2 nanocoated glass surface revealed that the nanoparticle was uniformly distributed throughout glass surface with growth of TiO2 nanostructures below 12 nm via AFM surface morphology and topography characterization, respectively. It was also showed that the cross-sectional view analysis is 5.22 nm and surface roughness, Ra, of coating is 0.858 nm, respectively. The TiO2 nanostructures were successfully seen grew at 0.2 M of sol-gel solution. It confirmed that for the coating application at nanometer scale level on the glass-based material equipment.

Abstract: This paper describes a simple metal pattern transfer method on glass substrates. Ag metal films were transferred by the conformal contact method at 150°C, which did not require higher pressure than the conventional nano-imprinting method. The important factors affecting quality of transferred metal patterns on glass were the usage of anti-sticking layer on mold surface, thickness of transferred metal films and temperature during contact printing step. Various Ag patterns were transferred onto glass substrate.

Abstract: Magnetic thin films in nanometer range have been synthesized on the glass substrates. The synthesis has been carried out using Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions in a PVA solution in H₂O. A different approach has been used for the synthesis of the magnetic thin films by using NH₃vapors. Obtained films have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and magnetic property measurement system (MPMS). The size and distribution of the magnetite nanoparticles inside the films depends upon the supply of the NH₃ vapor. For large exposure time of NH₃ vapors, film contains magnetite nanoparticles of size up to 80 nm. While for low exposure time of NH₃ vapors_, small magnetite nanoparticles of size nearly 20 nm have been obtained. The particles are independent to each other with no aggregation and are uniformly distributed inside the film.

Abstract: The RF applications like voltage controlled oscillators, tunable filters, resonators etc., requires variable capacitors in their design. This paper presents a novel micro variable capacitor consisting of fixed plate and moveable plate which is suspended by ‘S’ type springs. Micro variable capacitor can be electrostatically actuated via applied voltage to change the capacitance between the plates. The capacitance changes from15 pF to 22.5pF while applied voltage ranges from 0 to pull-in voltage. And micro variable capacitor based on glass Substrate was fabricated by simple micro electromechanical systems (MEMS) technology.

Abstract: A thermal fracture process applied to the brittle materials has become a foremost technology, and applied to cut the LCD glass substrate. One advantage of this process is that the cross-section of cut glass substrate will be smooth with low residual stress after thermal fracture processing. The multi-sphere mirror aims to repeatedly reflect the light energy within upper and lower mirror in order to enhance the laser beam absorption rate of glass under cutting. Moreover, with a proper design of multi-sphere mirror, the energy distribution of applied laser can provide an ideal thermal fracture condition to improve cutting speed of glass substrate. A novel reflective mirror with multi-sphere surface was developed and reported to transform the regular laser energy distribution toward the ideal one. Furthermore, the shape of multi-sphere mirror is optimized by Taguchi method so as to meet the surface requirement that can get the ideal energy distribution. This paper presents a series of simulation results and analysis results of multi-sphere mirror calculated by the TracePro opto-mechanical software.