Papers by Keyword: Hard Magnetic Alloy

Abstract: The paper presents the results of microstructure evolution studies of hard magnetic FeCr22Co15 alloy, destructed by tension and torsion at 800 and 850°C. The temperatures and deformation rates corresponded to the condition of superplasticity of Fe-Cr-Co alloys. Observations of longitudinal section of deformed samples in scanning electron microscope showed a formation of weak gradient microstructure with highest grain refinement in the surface layer of material. Precipitation of intermetallic σ-phase was also observed, with its maximum amount in zones of the highest deformation.

Abstract: The article presents the results of microstructure evolution studies of the FeCr30Co8 hard magnetic alloy, subjected to deformation by tension and torsion at 700 and 720 °C. The observations in the longitudinal section of the samples in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed a formation of gradient microstructure with the maximum grain refinement in the surface layer of the material. The EBSD examination confirmed the refinement of structure in the surface layer and the presence of sub-grained structure of the material. A little larger refinement of α phase grains was observed at temperature of deformation 700 °C than at 720 °C. However, the deformation was inhomogeneous along the whole longitudinal section of the sample. The highest deformation degree resulted from the torsion.

Abstract: Magnetically hard Fe-Cr-Co-based alloys are distinguished by their good ductility, excellent magnetic properties and low cost. Their superior magnetic properties are obtained by magnetic treatment and multistage tempering, which results in spinodal decomposition of the solid solution into the isomorphous α1 and α2 phases. However, the α1+α2 microstructure causes a reduction in the plasticity and strength of the material. It can often be advantageous for permanent magnets to maintain fine magnetic properties throughout their volume along while retaining good mechanical properties only in the subsurface layer. To improve the mechanical properties of the latter, FeCr30Co8 samples were deformed in tension combined with torsion. Loading was applied at 750°C, which ensured that the conditions for superplastic deformation were fulfilled. Here, we present the results of microstructure investigations of the samples treated in the aforementioned manner. Observations of the longitudinal section of the samples showed the formation of a gradient microstructure with the maximum grain refinement in the surface layer and the characteristic rotation of the elongated α phase grains from positions nearly perpendicular to the tension axis at the surface to positions tilted at approximately 45º to the tension axis inside the material. Deformation at superplastic conditions also activated precipitation of the σ intermetallic phase, particularly in the areas of highest deformation. The refinement of the microstructure and precipitation of the σ-phase resulted in a significant increase in hardness at the surface of the FeCr30Co8 samples.

Abstract: Results of experimental research into evolution of the structure and microhardness of the hard magnetic Fe-30Cr-8Co-0,7Ti-0,5V-0,7Si alloy during complex two-level loading (compression + torsion) in isothermal conditions at various temperatures in single-phase region are reported. It was revealed that the deformation leads to a strong refinement of initial coarse-grained structure in the whole volume of the sample, however the generated structure is non-uniform through the body of the sample. In an active zone of deformation, near to mobile head, there is a microcrystalline layer with a grain size of about 5 microns which thickness poorly depends on the formation. With removal from the active zone of deformation the grain size increases, and microhardness decreases.