Papers by Keyword: Hazardous Waste

Abstract: The objective of presented research was to verify and evaluate whether the treated hazardous waste (HW) can be used as filler in polymer coatings based on epoxy (EP) and polyurethane resin (PUR). The end product created by the incineration of municipal waste and cement dusts from cement kiln bypasses were chosen for solidification. The hazardous waste used was solidified by a homogenisation method using filter fly ash from fluidized bed combustion of lignite and silica flour as the solidifying agents. The aim was to use as much hazardous waste as possible and incorporate it into the polymer matrix of the coatings. The usability of the filler prepared in this way was verified by testing the tensile properties of polymer coatings, the surface hardness and the adhesion to the concrete. The cohesion of the coatings with concrete was observed using a digital optical microscope. It has been found that the PUR-based coatings with HW content show better properties than the coatings containing only the silica flour as a filler.

Abstract: The aim of the research was to verify whether it is possible to use specific types of treated hazardous waste as a filler in special epoxy based polymer mortars. In particular, it was a neutralizing sludge (NS-HW) with a relatively high content of heavy metals and other hazardous substances. This alkaline sludge is formed as a by-product of galvanic plating of steel elements in the baths, which are subsequently thickened and neutralized with calcium hydroxide. During the experimental verification, it was determined what resulting mechanical properties can be achieved by using 40% of the treated neutralizing sludge as a filler. In order to compare the achieved properties, a reference filler in form of a silica flour was used in the same binding matrix, and the polymer mortar containing waste foam glass of approximately the same fraction. It was discovered that, at the same percent filling, the polymer mortar with neutralizing sludge (NS-HW) had a similar tensile strength similar and cohesion with the concrete substrate as the reference material with the silica flour. Furthermore, it has been shown that this filler lowering the environmental footprint does not affect the chemical resistance of the polymer mortar to aggressive liquid solutions. As part of the microstructure observing, the uniformity of the filler distribution in the hardened polymer mortar, the incorporation of sludge particles into the epoxy matrix, and the quality of the polymer mortar bonding to the concrete was monitored using a high resolution digital microscope.

Abstract: The utilisation of a relatively high amount of hazardous waste such as neutralising sludge (NS), which is a by-product of galvanic metal plating, as filler in a mechanically resistant composite material with an epoxy matrix, appears to be a progressive approach for improving the environment aspects. Polymer composites containing a filler of pure finely-ground silica sand – silica flour (SF) and fine foam glass waste (FGW) with a particle size of less than 200 μm were used for comparison of the achieved mechanical parameters. Considering the required consistency of the composite, related to its intended application in practice, 40% of the epoxy resin fillings was tested. It was shown that the developed, mechanically-resistant composite exhibits very high impact and wear resistance. Based on the assessment of the results obtained, it was found that the composite containing pre-treated hazardous waste achieved only 20% lower compressive strength than the reference composite, which comprised only primary raw materials. It is thus claimed that specific pre-treated hazardous waste can be effectively used for the preparation of special repairing composite material, and also in areas with a significant mechanical load.

Abstract: The paper deals with durability assessment of different cement matrices for disposing of hazardous waste – neutralization sludge from physical chemical processing from an active industrial source. The durability of the matrices is estimated on the basis of laboratory testing results of compressive strength and leachability tests those indicate the possibility of matrices to bind the hazardous substances inside matrices. These tests were performed on the matrices after different time period.

Abstract: Since asbestos has been classified as a hazardous chemical, it is desirable to propose a practical and safe procedure for the disposal of asbestos-cement products, or even better to re-use them. In this work, the temperature conditions of degradation of samples of various types of asbestos and products containing asbestos were examined. Samples were burnt at different temperatures and monitored by XRD, DTA, light and electron microscopy. By evaluation of changes at different burning temperatures, the previous findings on the decomposition of asbestos minerals have been confirmed. It has been found that the burning of asbestos cement materials alone or with the addition of limestone at the temperature above 1100 °C leads to the decomposition of hazardous asbestos and, with or without the addition of a setting regulator, hydraulic binder is formed with technological parameters suitable for the building industry.

Abstract: Industry has become an essential part of modern society, and waste production is an inevitable outcome of the developmental activities. A material becomes waste when it is discarded with impunity and may pose a potential hazard to the human health or the environment (soil, air, waste) when improperly treated, stored, transported or disposed off or managed. In other words, scheduled waste contributes a major share towards environmental degradation. Scheduled and hazardous waste is the most difficult waste to be managed due to the dangerous elements not only for the environment but also for public health. In Malaysia, in the last two decades, the waste management has been a major concern. Malaysia has developed a comprehensive set of legal provisions related to the management of toxic and hazardous wastes. In this work, an evaluation of the scheduled waste management in Malaysia is made: in term of legislation framework, type of wastes and waste volume production.

Abstract: With the growth of industry, hazardous waste discharged from industrial production process increases with time goes by. Due to the lack of technics and experiences in managing and dealing with hazardous waste, the method for dealing with hazardous waste in our country remains in a low level. This paper aims at the demanding requirements of information management of hazardous waste disposal center in Kunming City, designed and developed a comprehensive information platform based on the basic hazardous waste data in and around Kunming City, integrated with WebGIS and spatial database technology to realize the digitalized and visualized management to the hazardous waste. This paper firstly elaborates structural design of the whole system. Then it introduces the functional and spatial database design. In the end, this paper demonstrated some of the results of this system.

Abstract: the application of Internet of things (IoT) technology in solid waste management was analyzed, including key areas such as municipal solid waste (MSW), medical waste, hazardous waste, and waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management. Elaborates further in various fields of the main form of application and the application level at this stage. Also briefly analyses the trend and the direction of the development of the application.

Abstract: This paper is the first stage of the research with the aim to identify the type of hazardous waste with the most critical production within the Czech Republic and to find the optimal composition of the cement matrix that will ensure maximum content disposal of this chosen hazardous waste. The part of the project solution will be also to define suitable testing procedure that will verify the stability of this cement composite and the impact of the inbuilt hazardous waste on the cement matrix properties.

Abstract: This article discusses relationship between environmentally sound management (ESM) and transboundary movements (TBM) of hazardous wastes, in particular E-waste. ESM and TBM are the main pillars of the Basel Convention; however, the issues on TBM had only been discussed intensively at early stage of the Basel Convention. ESM had been become a main agenda of international discussion of the Basel Convention after several years since entry into force of the Basel Convention. The article introduces a new concept to identify ESM level by using ESM benchmarks and standards.