Papers by Keyword: High-Rise Buildings

Abstract: The article deals with the use of renewable energy sources in construction in general and in high-rise unique buildings. Such approach will allow to design and construct buildings in which integrated renewable energy sources can be perfectly applied to all aspects of construction. The historical development of architecture and ecology as a single phenomenon is considered. This is particularly relevant to high-rise buildings. With the implementation of energy-efficient technologies, the main drawback - high-energy consumption - will be cut off. The article raises the question of the need to merge these two concepts. Examples of buildings with applied renewable energy sources, both constructed and projected, are considered. Non-traditional energy sources such as wind, solar, land, water and biomass are analyzed. The relevance of their application in construction and influence on all aspects of the project is proved: town-planning, functional, space planning, architectural and artistic, constructive and engineering.

Abstract: One of the prior directions in the high-rise buildings formation was the use of spatial voids in their architectural solution. This article discusses the world experience in the design and construction of high-rise buildings, the formation of which is based on techniques connected with the use of spatial voids. On the design experience analysis basis is revealed through the classification of unique high-rise buildings architecture formation existing methods on the basis of application of spatial voids in their figurative decisions. The five main shape-forming schemes of high-rise buildings based on the use of spatial voids in their structure: gallery, bridge, arch, closed, combined (hybrid) are defined. The basic principles of high-rise buildings architecture formation with application of spatial apertures in their volume solutions are determined. The work's practical significance in the possible application of the obtained study results, both in project practice and for the further theoretical research is specified.

Abstract: In the article there will be a consideration of collapse process progressive simulation of a high-rise building by removing the first-floor columns. The object of the study will be a 27-storeyed high-rise building. The high-rise building structural concept will consist on a monolithic reinforced concrete frame. The mounting base structural concept has been modeled as absolutely rigid. Static and dynamic calculations have been performed in the «Ing +» software complex, while the wind load pulsating component was taking into account using the finite-element method for the spatial slab-and-rod model. The dynamic calculation analysis has shown the obtained oscillation forms corresponding to the design requirements. The stress-strain behavior has been studied for the floor slabs as reinforce constructive of a typical floor. Structural concepts for the building frame of a high-rise building have been developed to reduce the progressive collapse risk. In the physically non-linear calculations, with the removal of the first-floor corner and central columns, four options for the sandwich floor slabs reinforcing were taking into account. The rational reinforcement option has been selected, in which the building is resistant to progressive collapse. The building frame structural concept with the floor slabs heavy-duty reinforcement of the first five floors has been suggested. An outrigger floor with encircling reinforced concrete trusses along the outer contour was included to reinforce the load-carrying framework. Recommendations on the choice of rational structural concepts, reducing a high-rise building progressive collapse risk have been given.

Abstract: The paper considers the approach to the assessment of the efficiency of the use of building energy modeling technology by the example of a 20-storey building located in Moscow. It has been suggested that the efficiency of the use of technology can be estimated by calculating the return on investment. However, Russian legislation requires a section in the design documentation for the energy efficiency of construction projects, which takes considerable time to develop, while the use of building energy modeling technology reduces the time needed to develop the information necessary to complete this section, which also confirms the effectiveness of technology implementation.

Abstract: Diagrid structures are exterior structures, consisting of diagonal struts and ties in the periphery and an interior core. These diagonal members carry gravity load and lateral load by the axial action of the member. Due to the structural efficiency of diagrids, interior and corner columns can be avoided thereby providing flexibility in the floor plan. The diagrid structures are emerging as popular structural system in many developed countries of the world, but in India it is yet to gain importance. This paper presents a review on the literature of diagrid structures. Studies conducted on diagrid structures to determine the diagrid angle for the efficient design is presented. The stiffness-based methodology adopted for determining preliminary member sizes of steel diagrid structures and the effect of shear lag on high rise buildings with diagrid and its comparison with framed tube structures are discussed. The distribution of the load resisted by interior frame and diagrids is outlined. The parameters used in the comparison of analysis are time period, top storey displacement, inter-storey drift and storey shear. This paper also reviews the studies on the comparison of diagrids with regular configuration and diagrids with varying angles. The analysis and comparison of diagrid and conventional structural system on the basis of consumption of steel, structural weight and displacement are also highlighted. This review covers diagrids with all the materials in practice namely concrete, steel and concrete-filled steel tube(CFST).

Abstract: The article describes the aspects of fire protection of high-rise buildings. Various methods of protection of unique buildings from fire and explosion in the world practice were considered. For example, using the innovative fire-resistant materials on load-bearing structures, their characteristics and rationing, progressive collapse. The comparative analysis of various types of fire-resistant plaster by such parameters as the chemical composition, fire resistance, durability, density, thickness of the layer was made. Perspectives of development of fireproof plaster compositions were projected.

Abstract: Existing regulatory and regulated methods do not contain recommendations on the appointment of the aerodynamic coefficients for the complex shape of tall buildings, however, for such buildings wind loads can be decisive. In this paper, the problem of the calculated characteristics giving is solved by numerical simulation, the estimated pressure indicates average components of the aerodynamic forces and moments are calculated, localization of peak pressure values are defined.

Abstract: The problems of an experimental study of the aerodynamic characteristics of high-rise buildings on the example of physical modeling of wind effects on high-rise building in Moscow Foreign in the wind tunnel of architectural and building type. Describes how the experiment, the velocity of the incident justified the choice of the building flow for physical modeling. The tests are defined dimensionless forces and momenta, as well as the spectral characteristics of the aerodynamic coefficients characterizing frequency gathering basic (detached vortices) with the external contour design

Abstract: The problem of wind aerodynamics is solved. The experiment in a small wind tunnel was performed. The graphs of the pressure coefficients Cp on angle of attack have been determine. Significant microclimatic processes have been established.

Abstract: The construction of unique, high-rise and long-span buildings and constructions is a quite difficult complex task. It requires the participation of qualified experts with knowledge of the various branches of science. Specific requirements are to be nominated to regulatory support, security, and quality of materials and works. But especially important place takes the training of highly qualified specialists. The article describes the basic options of education in the field of construction of unique, high-rise and long-span buildings and constructions (on an example of Civil Engineering Institute of St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University).